scholarly journals Crop Surveillance using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Precision Agriculture

Precision agriculture (PA) is a combination of latest technologies planned to increase the productivity and profitability by retaining the quality of the fertile land and surrounding environment. Crop monitoring in precision agriculture will be achieved by implementing innovative techniques; however the utilization of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) results in low power and low cost utilization arrangements thus turning into a predominant alternative. It is likewise outstanding that harvests are additionally influenced adversely by interlopers (human or animals) and by insufficient control of the production process. Crop surveillance through drone is one of the technical approaches to capture and distinguish the crop patterns, which helps in early detection of the crop damage, leads the farmers to take care for crop yield. Drone is also termed as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). These vehicles are equipped with required electronic sensors, cameras and a flight control system to simulate the UAV, with small in size and flexible to handle and operate, These Aerial Vehicles can operate within indoor as well as at outdoor. The goal of the research is to contribute to the implementation and deployment of remote sensing technology with UAV. This paper enumerate on the applications of UAVs for crop scouting and analyzing the transmitted images using NDVI to predict the crop growth and yield

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Guo ◽  
Zhou Zhou ◽  
Xiaoping Zhu ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Yuxin Ding

This paper describes a low-cost flight control system of a small aileron-less hand-launched solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In order to improve the accuracy of the whole system model and quantify the influence of each subsystem, detailed modeling of UAV energy and a control system including a solar model, engine, energy storage, sensors, state estimation, control law, and actuator module are established in accordance with the experiment and component principles. A whole system numerical simulation combined with the 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) simulation model is constructed based on the typical mission route, and the parameter precision sequence and energy balance are obtained. Then, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiment scheme based on the Stewart platform (SP) is proposed, and three modes of acceleration, angular velocity, and attitude are designed to verify the control system through the inner and boundary states of the flight envelope. The whole system scheme is verified by flight tests at different altitudes, and the aerodynamic force coefficient and sensor error are corrected by flight data. With the increase of altitude, the cruise power increases from 47 W to 78 W, the trajectory tracking precision increases from 23 m to 44 m, the sensor measurement noise increases, and the bias decreases.


2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 764-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Jun Zhang ◽  
Lu Wen Jun ◽  
Li Biao Tong

Flight control system (FCS) is the command center for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A low-cost, high-precision micro-UAV attitude calibration table is designed by utilizing the structure of the vertical gyroscope of the flight attitude angle sensor. The detection device for the UAV FCS developed by loop-in-simulation achieves unmanned attitude calibration and overall performance detection of the FCS.


Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Yong-Guk Go ◽  
Ho-San Kang ◽  
Jong-Won Lee ◽  
Mun-Su Yu ◽  
Soo-Mi Choi

The development of services and applications involving drones is promoting the growth of the unmanned-aerial-vehicle industry. Moreover, the supply of low-cost compact drones has greatly contributed to the popularization of drone flying. However, flying first-person-view (FPV) drones requires considerable experience because the remote pilot views a video transmitted from a camera mounted on the drone. In this paper, we propose a remote training system for FPV drone flying in mixed reality. Thereby, beginners who are inexperienced in FPV drone flight control can practice under the guidance of remote experts.


Author(s):  
Michael J. Barnes ◽  
Michael F. Matz

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) offers the potential to view future battlespaces at low cost while increasing crew survivability. The purpose of the two simulation experiments was to examine crew performance in controlling the UAV and exploiting close and short-range targets for 12-hour shifts in both day and night conditions during 72-hour operational tempos. In the first experiment, four two-person crews each conducted three 8 to 10 hour missions. The data indicated no performance decrements over either mission length or mission day but did suggest possible problems with nocturnal operations. The second experiment investigated a single operator workstation configuration. The 16 operators evinced training problems but showed no significant effects for rotation schedule and day and night conditions. Analysis of simulated crashes indicated flight control problems related to training, split attention, and display size constraints.


Author(s):  
А.С. Алексеев ◽  
А.А. Никифоров ◽  
А.А. Михайлова ◽  
М.Р. Вагизов

В связи со старением информационных материалов о состоянии лесов существует потребность в разработке новых методов таксации древостоев, основанных на применении последних научно-технических достижений в области теории структуры и продуктивности древостоев, дистанционных методов изучения лесов, информационных и ГИС технологий. В статье приведены результаты разработки и проверки нового метода определения таксационных характеристик сомкнутых насаждений на основе правила 3/2 и подобных ему правил Хильми и Рейнеке, с одной стороны, и определения числа деревьев на единице площади по снимку сверх высокого разрешения, полученного с помощью БПЛА, с другой. С теоретической точки зрения эта зависимости величин запаса, средней высоты и среднего диаметра от числа стволов на единице площади относятся к классу аллометрических связей, очень часто встречающихся при количественном описании соотношений частей биологических систем разных уровней иерархии, от организмов до экосистем. Параметры аллометрических зависимостей запаса, средних высоты и диаметра от числа стволов на единице площади были определены для основных лесообразующих пород по данным таблиц хода роста нормальных (полных) древостоев с теоретическим показателем степени и затем использованы для расчетов. Число деревьев на единице площади определялось по снимку с разрешением 7,13 см/пиксель, полученному с помощью 4-роторной платформы. Обработка материалов аэрофотосъемки была выполнена в специализированной фотограмметрической системе Agisoft Photoscan. В результате были получены ортофотоплан и цифровая модель поверхности крон деревьев на изучаемую территорию с определением их высот. Для автоматизированной обработки полученных изображений с целью получения значений числа деревьев на единицу площади был создан специализированный скрипт на языке Java. Погрешности определения таксационных характеристик древостоев предлагаемым методом не выше установленных действующими нормативными материалами. Every time there is a demand for new innovative methods of forest resources estimation based on last achievements in theoretical science, remote sensing methods, information and GIS-technologies. In the paper are presented a new method and the results of its application to forest stands growing stock, mean height and diameter determination. The method is based on rule 3/2 and similar Reineke and Hilmy rules, on one hand and high resolution image made by unmanned aerial vehicle, which used for determination of number of trees per area unit, on other. The above rules are well known in quantitative biology as an allometric and widely used for description of different kind of relations in biological systems of various scale: from organisms to ecosystems. Parameters of above allometric relationships between growing stock, mean height and diameter and stems density per area unit was determine on the base of full stock growth and yield tables for main tree species and after used for experimental calculations. The number of trees per area unit was determined after special treatment of high resolution image made by unmanned flying machine. The growing stock, mean height and diameter determined by suggested method was compared with the data of regular forest inventory. Comparison gives positive result and method may be recommended for further development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1997
Author(s):  
Joan Grau ◽  
Kang Liang ◽  
Jae Ogilvie ◽  
Paul Arp ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
...  

In agriculture-dominant watersheds, riparian ecosystems provide a wide array of benefits such as reducing soil erosion, filtering chemical compounds, and retaining sediments. Traditionally, the boundaries of riparian zones could be estimated from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) or field surveys. In this study, we used an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and photogrammetry method to map the boundaries of riparian zones. We first obtained the 3D digital surface model with a UAV. We applied the Vertical Distance to Channel Network (VDTCN) as a classifier to delineate the boundaries of the riparian area in an agricultural watershed. The same method was also used with a low-resolution DEM obtained with traditional photogrammetry and two more LiDAR-derived DEMs, and the results of different methods were compared. Results indicated that higher resolution UAV-derived DEM achieved a high agreement with the field-measured riparian zone. The accuracy achieved (Kappa Coefficient, KC = 63%) with the UAV-derived DEM was comparable with high-resolution LiDAR-derived DEMs and significantly higher than the prediction accuracy based on traditional low-resolution DEMs obtained with high altitude aerial photos (KC = 25%). We also found that the presence of a dense herbaceous layer on the ground could cause errors in riparian zone delineation with VDTCN for both low altitude UAV and LiDAR data. Nevertheless, the study indicated that using the VDTCN as a classifier combined with a UAV-derived DEM is a suitable approach for mapping riparian zones and can be used for precision agriculture and environmental protection over agricultural landscapes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2044-2051
Author(s):  
Danial Sufiyan ◽  
Luke Soe Thura Win ◽  
Shane Kyi Hla Win ◽  
Gim Song Soh ◽  
Shaohui Foong

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (0) ◽  
pp. _1A2-O11_1-_1A2-O11_4
Author(s):  
Kenta Go ◽  
Atsushi KONNO ◽  
Takaaki MATSUMOTO ◽  
Atsushi OOSEDO ◽  
Kouji MASUKO ◽  
...  

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