scholarly journals Fabrication of Cation Exchange Membrane for Microbial Fuel Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-773
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Membrane

In this study the cation exchange membranes(CEM) were fabricated using 3 different compositions of sulphonated poly vinyl alcohol (SPVA) and phosphorylated graphene oxide(PGO) in weight ratios by physicalmixing and casting method. Loading of PGO in the SPVA improvedwater uptake property which signifies increase in ion exchange capacity(IEC) and proton conductivity as presence of acidic groups were characterized. These fabricated membranes performances were assessed in microbial fuel cells(MFCs) and characterized using XRD and FTIR for its compositional analysis. Due to proper proton conducting channelsmost suitable CEM (SPVA-PGO-3) revealed higher proton conductivity 9.0 x 10-2 S/cm at 27oC, water uptake 114%, area swelling 54.2% and ion exchange capacity (IEC) 1.92 meq/g. The power density obtained for this composite membrane applied in MFC-3 was observed to be 503.1 mW/m2 while the COD removal results obtained as 80.8 %.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Chitosan with Maleic Anhydride for Proton Exchange Membrane

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan Septiawan ◽  
Dian Permana ◽  
Sitti Hadijah Sabarwati ◽  
La Ode Ahmad ◽  
La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Chitosan was modified by maleic anhydride, and it was then functionalized using heterogeneous and blending method to obtain the membrane. The results of the reaction between chitosan with maleic anhydride were signed by the new peak appears around 1475 cm-1 which attributed to C=C bending of alkene. The new peak also appears at 1590 cm-1 which attributed to N-H bending of amide. Chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes show microstructure of chitosan membrane with high porous density and rigidity while chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes have clusters. In addition, the thermal tenacity of membranes reached 500 °C. Modified membrane by heterogeneous and blending method have higher water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and proton conductivity than chitosan membrane. Moreover, the blending method is much more effective than the heterogeneous method that can be exhibited from ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity values of 1.08–6.38 meq g-1 and 1x10-3–1x10-2 S cm-1, 0.92–2.27 meq g-1 and 1.53x10-4–3.04x10-3 S cm-1, respectively. The results imply that modification of chitosan membrane with the addition of maleic anhydride using heterogeneous and blending method can be applied to proton exchange membrane.

Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole (SPBI) Copolymer for Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loh Kee Shyuan ◽  
Eng Lee Tan ◽  
Wan Ramli Wan Daud ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A diverse sulfonated polybenzimidazole copolymer (SPBI) as proton exchange membrane was synthesiszed via one-step high temperature polymerization method with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DABD), 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SIPA), 4,4-sulfonyldibenzoic acid (SDBA) and biphenyl-4,4-dicarboxylic acid (BDCA). The SPBI membrane was prepared through a direct hot-casting and in situ phase inversion technique. Characterization tests were carried out on the membranes including surface morphology, distribution of elements on the membrane, determination of functional groups, thermal stability, ion exchange capacity, water uptake rate and proton conductivity. The as-synthesized SPBI membrane displayed a smooth surface via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis which is thermally stable up to 443 °C. The SPBI membrane showed higher water uptake rate (WUR) and proton conductivity though it had lower ion exchange capacity (IEC) value compared to recast Nafion membrane. The proton conductivity of the SPBI membrane with IEC of 0.60 mmol/g was 4.50 × 10-2 S/cm at 90 °C. This study shows that the SPBI membrane has great potential in polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications.

scholarly journals Influence of the ion-exchange membrane on the performance of double-compartment microbial fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Asensio ◽  
C.M. Fernandez-Marchante ◽  
J. Lobato ◽  
P. Cañizares ◽  
M.A. Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Double Compartment

A novel hybrid anion exchange membrane for high performance microbial fuel cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 4659-4663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu-Chun Tao ◽  
Xiao-Nan Sun ◽  
Ying Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A novel titanium dioxide (TiO2)–quaternized poly(vinyl alcohol) (QAPVA) hybrid anion exchange membrane (T membrane) is prepared, and its feasibility for use in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is investigated in this study.

scholarly journals Ameliorated Performance of Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Block Copolymers with Increased Hydrophilic Oligomer Ratio in Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Operating at 80% Relative Humidity

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ae Kim ◽  
Mohanraj Vinothkannan ◽  
Kyu Lee ◽  
Ji Chu ◽  
Sumg Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Poly Condensation ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

We designed and synthesized a series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPES) with different hydrophilic or hydrophobic oligomer ratios using poly-condensation strategy. Afterward, we fabricated the corresponding membranes via a solution-casting approach. We verified the SPES membrane chemical structure using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and confirmed the resulting oligomer ratio. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) results revealed that we effectively attained phase separation of the SPES membrane along with an increased hydrophilic oligomer ratio. Thermal stability, glass transition temperature (Tg) and membrane elongation increased with the ratio of hydrophilic oligomers. SPES membranes with higher hydrophilic oligomer ratios exhibited superior water uptake, ion-exchange capacity, contact angle and water sorption, while retaining reasonable swelling degree. The proton conductivity results showed that SPES containing higher amounts of hydrophilic oligomers provided a 74.7 mS cm−1 proton conductivity at 90 °C, which is better than other SPES membranes, but slightly lower than that of Nafion-117 membrane. When integrating SPES membranes with proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at 60 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH), the PEMFC power density exhibited a similar increment-pattern like proton conductivity pattern.

scholarly journals Synthesis of proton exchange membranes for dual-chambered microbial fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Dharmadhikari ◽  
Prabir Ghosh ◽  
Manivannan Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Anodic Chamber

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) were synthesized using three different compositions of poly(oxyethylene) (POE), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and phosphoric acid (PA) in weight ratios of 1:1:1:1, 1:2:1:1 and 1:3:1:1 by physical blending and the casting method. Water uptake of the membrane increases with increasing concentration of PVA. A higher percentage of water uptake signifies a higher ion exchange capacity (IEC) of the synthesized membrane. The synthesized membranes were evaluated in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and the performance observed. The synthesized membranes were characterized for identification of precursor material and inter polymer interactions using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, respectively. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) depends on the microbial activity in the anodic chamber. In the present study, the composition of the membrane was optimized and compared with other membranes that had been synthesized by different compositions of all materials. COD removal in the MFC-3 setup connected with an M-3 membrane was found to be 88 %.

scholarly journals POLY-1-VINYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE AND PHENOL-2,4-DISULFONIC ACID COMPLEX AS THE BASIS OF ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FOR FUEL CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Bel'kovich ◽  
Oksana Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Membrane ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Exchange Membrane

In this study, the properties of the polymer membrane for hydrogen fuel cells were investigated.The membrane was based on poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole and phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid in three stoichiometric ratios. The highest proton conductivity index was demonstrated by the PVT-FDSA sample (10:90% wt.) – 5.98·10-2 S/cm.

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