ACUTE AND CHRONICAL BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF W BAND MILLIMETRIC WAVES EXPOSURE IN RATS

The biological effects of millimetric waves systems, MMW (e.g. 5G communications, automotive radars, or crowd control systems, ADS) systems are still scarcely investigated. Hairless rats were exposed to 2 94GHz continuous wave (MMW, CW), under acute high power conditions (3sec at10kW/m ) and under 2 environmental/professional lower power exposure (4 hours a day, for 5 days a week, for 6 months at 10mW/cm ). It was found that the 94 GHz acute exposure provoked the disappearance of the epidermis upper corneal layers and the increase of the inammatory gene expression SOCS-3 after 3Hrs. Besides, neither histological nor genetic modication could be observed after chronic 94 GHz exposure and after an acute and a chronic capsaicin exposure. Conclusions :After a powerful acute exposition a thermal effect is observable, associated with a localized inammatory response. After chronic, low power exposition, an hypoalgesia effect was found, possibly related with an increase in brain plasticity. Mechanistically, the hypothesis is based on low noise stimulation of thermal pain receptors at subthreshold level. Conversely, neither inammation nor no direct change in was found.

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A W-band low-noise amplifier with 22K noise temperature

2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest ◽

10.1109/mwsym.2009.5165788 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Eric W. Bryerton ◽

Xiaobing Mei ◽

Young-Min Kim ◽

William Deal ◽

Wayne Yoshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Noise Temperature ◽

Low Noise ◽

Low Noise Amplifier ◽

W Band ◽

Noise Amplifier

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A 1.5–40 GHz frequency modulated continuous wave radar receiver front-end

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies ◽

10.1017/s1759078721000118 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Mantas Sakalas ◽

Niko Joram ◽

Frank Ellinger

Keyword(s):

Continuous Wave ◽

Noise Figure ◽

Supply Voltage ◽

Low Noise ◽

Ultra Wideband ◽

Front End ◽

Wave Radar ◽

Bicmos Technology ◽

Circuit Components ◽

High Band

Abstract This study presents an ultra-wideband receiver front-end, designed for a reconfigurable frequency modulated continuous wave radar in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. A variety of innovative circuit components and design techniques were employed to achieve the ultra-wide bandwidth, low noise figure (NF), good linearity, and circuit ruggedness to high input power levels. The designed front-end is capable of achieving 1.5–40 GHz bandwidth, 30 dB conversion gain, a double sideband NF of 6–10.7 dB, input return loss better than 7.5 dB and an input referred 1 dB compression point of −23 dBm. The front-end withstands continuous wave power levels of at least 25 and 20 dBm at low band and high band inputs respectively. At 3 V supply voltage, the DC power consumption amounts to 302 mW when the low band is active and 352 mW for the high band case, whereas the total IC size is $3.08\, {\rm nm{^2}}$ .

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