scholarly journals A Stochastic MPEC Approach for Grid Tariff Design with Demand Side Flexibility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Askeland ◽  
Thorsten Burandt ◽  
Steven A. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
End Users ◽  
Branch And Cut ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Stochastic Case ◽  
Decision Making Model

<div>As the end-users increasingly can provide flexibility to the power system, it is important to consider how this flexibility can be activated as a resource for the grid. Electricity network tariffs are one option that can be used to activate this flexibility. Therefore, by designing efficient grid tariffs, it might be possible to reduce the total costs in the power system by incentivizing a change in consumption patterns.</div><div><br></div><div>This paper provides a methodology for optimal grid tariff design under decentralized decision-making and uncertainty in demand, power prices, and renewable generation. A bilevel model is formulated to adequately describe the interaction between the end-users and a distribution system operator. In addition, a centralized decision-making model is provided for benchmarking purposes. The bilevel model is reformulated as a mixed-integer linear problem solvable by branch-and-cut techniques.</div><div><br></div><div>Results for a deterministic example and a stochastic case study are presented and discussed.</div>

scholarly journals A Stochastic MPEC Approach for Grid Tariff Design with Demand Side Flexibility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Askeland ◽  
Thorsten Burandt ◽  
Steven A. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
End Users ◽  
Branch And Cut ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Stochastic Case ◽  
Decision Making Model

<div>As the end-users increasingly can provide flexibility to the power system, it is important to consider how this flexibility can be activated as a resource for the grid. Electricity network tariffs are one option that can be used to activate this flexibility. Therefore, by designing efficient grid tariffs, it might be possible to reduce the total costs in the power system by incentivizing a change in consumption patterns.</div><div><br></div><div>This paper provides a methodology for optimal grid tariff design under decentralized decision-making and uncertainty in demand, power prices, and renewable generation. A bilevel model is formulated to adequately describe the interaction between the end-users and a distribution system operator. In addition, a centralized decision-making model is provided for benchmarking purposes. The bilevel model is reformulated as a mixed-integer linear problem solvable by branch-and-cut techniques.</div><div><br></div><div>Results for a deterministic example and a stochastic case study are presented and discussed.</div>

scholarly journals A stochastic MPEC approach for grid tariff design with demand-side flexibility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Askeland ◽  
Thorsten Burandt ◽  
Steven A. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
End Users ◽  
Branch And Cut ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Aggregate Network

Abstract As the end-users increasingly can provide flexibility to the power system, it is important to consider how this flexibility can be activated as a resource for the grid. Electricity network tariffs is one option that can be used to activate this flexibility. Therefore, by designing efficient grid tariffs, it might be possible to reduce the total costs in the power system by incentivizing a change in consumption patterns. This paper provides a methodology for optimal grid tariff design under decentralized decision-making and uncertainty in demand, power prices, and renewable generation. A bilevel model is formulated to adequately describe the interaction between the end-users and a distribution system operator. In addition, a centralized decision-making model is provided for benchmarking purposes. The bilevel model is reformulated as a mixed-integer linear problem solvable by branch-and-cut techniques. Results based on both deterministic and stochastic settings are presented and discussed. The findings suggest how electricity grid tariffs should be designed to provide an efficient price signal for reducing aggregate network peaks.

scholarly journals Financing and pricing strategies of construction supply chain under capital constraint

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
Yuxin Wen ◽  
Linyi Wu ◽  
Fengmin Yao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Pricing Decision ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
Internal Financing ◽  
Decision Making Model

Affected by factors such as cost, the financial constraints faced by the supply chain are becoming more and more severe. This paper constructs a financing and pricing decision-making model for the construction supply chain under capital constraints, and uses Stackelberg game theory to analyze and obtain the best financing and pricing strategy for the construction supply chain under the internal and external financing modes. The study found that when centralized decision-making is adopted, there is a profit distribution model that makes the profits obtained by construction developers and contractors greater than the profits obtained in decentralized decision-making; the internal financing model of the construction supply chain is better than external financing, and can enable the construction supply chain get higher profits.

scholarly journals Bi-Level Operation Scheduling of Distribution Systems with Multi-Microgrids Considering Uncertainties

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Saeid Esmaeili ◽  
Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam ◽  
Erfan Azimi ◽  
Alireza Nateghi ◽  
João P. S. Catalão
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Operation Scheduling

A bi-level operation scheduling of distribution system operator (DSO) and multi-microgrids (MMGs) considering both the wholesale market and retail market is presented in this paper. To this end, the upper-level optimization problem minimizes the total costs from DSO’s point of view, while the profits of microgrids (MGs) are maximized in the lower-level optimization problem. Besides, a scenario-based stochastic programming framework using the heuristic moment matching (HMM) method is developed to tackle the uncertain nature of the problem. In this regard, the HMM technique is employed to model the scenario matrix with a reduced number of scenarios, which is effectively suitable to achieve the correlations among uncertainties. In order to solve the proposed non-linear bi-level model, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions and linearization techniques are employed to transform the bi-level problem into a single-level mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated on a real-test MMG system.

scholarly journals Coordination of Time-Varying Price Supply Chain with Risk-Averse Members under Random Order Response Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shuanjun Song ◽  
Minyan Zhang ◽  
Sheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
Coordination Effect ◽  
Decision Making Model

A joint contract is proposed to coordinate the time-varying supply chain of risk-averse manufacturers and retailers. The joint contract uses price reduction subsidies and revenue-sharing strategies to enable manufacturers and retailers to share risks and achieve overall coordination of the supply chain. Firstly, a centralized and a decentralized decision-making model of the risk-averse supply chain are established. On this basis, reasons for the supply chain failure to coordinate are analyzed, and a joint contract is designed. Then, the specific form of the joint contract is given. Finally, the coordination effect of the joint contract is quantitatively analyzed through numerical analysis.

scholarly journals Optimal Operational Scheduling of Reconfigurable Multi-Microgrids Considering Energy Storage Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Esmaeili ◽  
Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam ◽  
Shahram Jadid
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Test System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Second Order Cone ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
System Operator

This paper proposes an optimal operational scheduling of a reconfigurable multi-microgrid (MG) distribution system complemented by demand response programs and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) in an uncertain environment. Since there is a set of competing players with inherently conflicting objectives in the system under study such as the Distribution System Operator (DSO) and MG owners, a one-leader multi-follower-type bi-level optimization model is proposed. In this framework, the upper-level player as a leader minimizes the total cost from DSO’s point of view, while the lower-level players as multi-followers maximize the profit of MG owners. Since the resulting model is a non-linear bi-level optimization problem, it is transformed into a single-level mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem through Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. The satisfactory performance of the proposed model is investigated on a real-test system under different scenarios and working conditions.

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