A Mixture of Timing Steganography and Series Cryptography

Author(s):  
Moses Okello

This Paper presents improvement and extension of previous methodology about timing steganography based on network steganography. The previous article uses time interval between two successive transmissions mixed with cryptography prior to hiding. However this improvement tend to extend and provide new methods based on time format such as hours, minutes, second, millisecond and Nanosecond etc. It further examine how to handle effect of different time zone and high precision timing for ultrafast timing such as millisecond, Nanoseconds, picosecond, femtosecond which human action is too slow for perfect timing. In addition, the extension based on TCP-IP status codes where each elements of set of status code are index and the index represents certain numeric of combination for hiding. Finally, the cryptography method is improved and extended to series based cryptography with any defined number of different cryptographic methods combined altogether with multiple keys generated dynamically. The methods for both cryptography and steganography was integrated and each module carefully tested for their feasibility and appropriate analysis, comparisons is presented too.<br>

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Okello

This Paper presents improvement and extension of previous methodology about timing steganography based on network steganography. The previous article uses time interval between two successive transmissions mixed with cryptography prior to hiding. However this improvement tend to extend and provide new methods based on time format such as hours, minutes, second, millisecond and Nanosecond etc. It further examine how to handle effect of different time zone and high precision timing for ultrafast timing such as millisecond, Nanoseconds, picosecond, femtosecond which human action is too slow for perfect timing. In addition, the extension based on TCP-IP status codes where each elements of set of status code are index and the index represents certain numeric of combination for hiding. Finally, the cryptography method is improved and extended to series based cryptography with any defined number of different cryptographic methods combined altogether with multiple keys generated dynamically. The methods for both cryptography and steganography was integrated and each module carefully tested for their feasibility and appropriate analysis, comparisons is presented too.<br>


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lamour ◽  
O. Naud ◽  
M. Lechaudel ◽  
B. Tisseyre

Precision agriculture for banana crops has been little investigated so far. The main difficulty to implement precision agriculture methods lies in the asynchronicity of this crop: after a few cycles, each plant has its own development stage in the field. Indeed, maps of agronomical interest are difficult to produce from plant responses without implementing new methods. The present study explores the feasibility to derive a spatially relevant indicator from the date of flowering and the date of maturity (time to harvest). The time between these dates (TFM) may give insight in spatial distribution of vigor. The study was carried out using production data from 2015 acquired in a farm from Cameroon. Data from individual plants that flowered at different weeks were gathered so as to increase the density of TFM sampling. The temporal variability of TFM, which is induced by weather and operational constraints, was compensated by centering TFM data on their medians (TFMc). The mapping of TFMc was obtained using a classical kriging method. Spatial structures highlighted by TFMc either at the farm level or at the plot level, suggest that such maps could be used to support agronomic decisions.


Author(s):  
D. Ozuyar ◽  
S. Caliskan ◽  
I. R. Stevens ◽  
A. Elmasli

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to determine the origin of the photometric variations of 48 Lib using the data from theSTEREOand to investigate their relations with the disk structure. The photometric data comprise a period of five years from 2007 to 2011. The spectroscopic data covering the same time interval are provided from theBeSSdatabase. The Hαlines are examined by measuring their equivalent widths and line intensities. Hαvariations are then compared with those displayed by the photometric data. From the photometry, high-precision results (10−5c d−1in frequency and 10−4mag in amplitude) are obtained. It is detected that the star has shown 24 frequencies, mainly clustered around the peaks at 2.48896(1) and 5.08150(2) c d−1. The analysis reveals that the photometric frequencies are not due to pulsation, but caused by the rotation, and that the remaining frequencies arise from transient activities on or just above the photosphere. Also, it is shown that the spectroscopic data exhibit a significant Hαvariability, and that the Hαline variation depends on the variation of frequency and amplitude, something which has been often proposed in the literature but has never before been demonstrated observationally. This proves that the disk structure and photometric variations are related.


Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (45) ◽  
pp. e12997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Bo Pan ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Qinghua Yang ◽  
Leren He ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
J. Garrecht Metzger ◽  
Jahandar Ramezani ◽  
Samuel A. Bowring ◽  
David A. Fike

Perturbations to the global carbon cycle as recorded in the isotopic compositions of marine deposits have been commonly associated with major shifts in the climate and/or biologic activity, including mass extinctions. The Late Ordovician Guttenberg isotopic carbon excursion (GICE) is a large, globally correlative positive shift (∼3‰) in the carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates (δ13Ccarb), but its driving mechanism(s) remains ambiguous. This is in large part due to uncertain correlations among Late Ordovician records, as well as complex and poorly constrained temporal relationships of abundant K-bentonite (altered volcanic ash) marker beds deposited in this time interval. Here, we provide new, high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology by chemical-abrasion−isotope-dilution−thermal ionization mass spectrometry for K-bentonites bounding the GICE in the North American Midcontinent, including robust 206Pb/238U ages (reported with 2σ analytical uncertainty) for two important regional markers: the Deicke (453.35 ± 0.10 Ma) and Millbrig (453.36 ± 0.14 Ma) K-bentonites. The new data from these K-bentonites directly constrain the duration of the GICE to less than 400 k.y. at two well-studied locations in eastern Missouri, United States. The abruptness of the GICE precludes relatively gradual tectonic mechanisms as possible drivers of the excursion and suggests more rapid environmental drivers, such as changes in eustatic sea level associated with pre-Hirnantian glacial activity.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Jinde Cao ◽  
Ahmed Alsaedi ◽  
Fuad E. Alsaadi

Finite-time synchronization for a class of fractional-order delayed neural networks with fractional order α, 0<α≤1/2 and 1/2<α<1, is investigated in this paper. Through the use of Hölder inequality, generalized Bernoulli inequality, and inequality skills, two sufficient conditions are considered to ensure synchronization of fractional-order delayed neural networks in a finite-time interval. Numerical example is given to verify the feasibility of the theoretical results.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12517-12517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Combs ◽  
D. Schulz-Ertner ◽  
T. Welzel ◽  
M. Bischof ◽  
J. Debus

12517 Background: This study was aimed to assess the toxicity and efficacy of radiochemotherapy (RCHT) with temozolomide performed as re-irradiation in patients with recurrent glioma. Patients and Methods: We treated 17 patients with RCHT for recurrent glioma between July 2005 and December 2006. Nine patients were female, eight were male. Pathology evaluation revealed WHO grade II astrocytoma in 5, anaplastic astrocytoma in 4 and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in 7 patients. One patient suffered from gliosarcoma. Median age at primary diagnosis was 33 years (range, 6–60 years). In 4 patients surgery had been performed as total resection, subtotal resection in 9 and as a biopsy in 4 patients. Median doses of radiotherapy (RT) of 60 Gy had been applied. Prior treatment with temozolomide either as RCHT or as chemotherapy alone for tumor progression had been performed in 8 patients. The median time interval between primary RT and re-irradiation was 29.5 months (range 5–180 months). Re-irradiation was performed as high precision radiotherapy using fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in 16 patients with a median total dose of 36 Gy (range, 28–36 Gy); in one patients stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) was applied for a very small lesion with a single dose of 18Gy/80% isodose. The target volume was defined as the area of contrast enhancement on T1-weighed MRI-scans including a safety margin of 0.5 to 1 cm. Chemotherapy was applied concomitantly in a median dose of 50 mg/m2 per day (median of 100mg TMZ qd); in 14 patients RCHT was followed by adjuvant cycles of temozolomide. Results: Treatment could be completed in all patients without interruptions due to side effects; no severe acute or long-term toxicities were observed. One patient with recurrent GBM showed tumor progression during therapy and treatment was stopped at 32 Gy out of 36 Gy. Progression-free survival was 56% at 6 months after FSRT; survival after FSRT was 75% at 6 months. Median overall survival was 39 months, with 92% at 1 and 2 years. Conclusions: High-precision RT and concomitant temozolomide is safe and effective when performed as re-irradiation in recurrent glioma. The data demonstrate that re-challenge with temozolomide justifies further evaluation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 940-943
Author(s):  
Bao Feng Zhang ◽  
Zi Ming Xie ◽  
Zhi Wei Li ◽  
Jun Chao Zhu

For single channel sound velocity measurement system accuracy was generally not high,a high-precision dual-channel sound velocity of seawater measurement system was designed.Based on ultrasonic speed of sound measurement in seawater with time-of-flight method,the system used ARM microcontroller to combine with high-precision time interval measurement chip,and the sound velocity measurement was translated into distance and time measurement. Then the influence of the time delay of the system was eliminated by method of difference.The paper introduced the modules of the system,and the high-precision time interval measurement method as the key technology of time-of-flight method for the velocity measurement system was expounded.It wasproved by experiment that the measurement accuracy of the system on the velocity reached 0.019m/s.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Avijgan ◽  
Mahtab Avijgan ◽  
Firouze Salehzadeh

Background: In Persian medicine (PM) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), there is an ignored space, namely the Meraque/San Jiao (M/S) space, which in our previous article has been described in detail. Recently, there has been a publication about the mesentery system describing it as a new system with a history of no more than 300 years. According to our previous publications, this is a part of the M/S system, which could represent adipose tissue and vessels. The mesentery and the M/S system can be regarded as one system, except that the mesentery system is a section of the integrated system of M/S with a history of more than 3,000 years; this is the main topic of this report. Key Message: Comparing the mesentery with the Meraque in PM and the San Jiao in TCM, we can conclude that the M/S is more complete than the mesentery. Based on ancient classical texts of PM, the Meraque system has 6 labyrinths and includes all membranes, the fascia, vessels, adipose tissue, and the gut. In PM and TCM, it has a very important role. We will attempt to modernize the M/S. This leads to new methods in treatment, management, and research of Western medicine.


2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 0808002
Author(s):  
黄民双 Huang Minshuang ◽  
龙腾宇 Long Tengyu ◽  
刘慧慧 Liu Huihui ◽  
张泽 Zhang Ze

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