scholarly journals Commentary: Reflections on Some Dangers to Childhood Creativity

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

In this commentary, renowned author and psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi reflects on the state of creativity in today’s children. From his many years of studying creativity, Dr. Csikszentmihalyi has observed that the most creative people share a common experience in childhood: that of being left alone, often in a barren environment, and of being bored. Paradoxically, solitude and boredom become the springboard from which a creative passion is born. Finally, the author questions whether the presence of technology in children’s lives today is an opportunity for learning or a source of effortless experiences that are not conducive to nurturing creativity

The Irony of Romans 13

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Original Audience

AbstractThis article explores the possibility that Paul was using irony in his commendation of the state in Romans 13. It is proposed that the original audience of the letter shared with Paul a common experience of oppression at the hands of the authorities and were aware of the abuses that took place in the opening years of Nero's reign. The consequent implausibility of Paul's language would have alerted his readers to the presence of irony. They would have been able to set aside the surface meaning of the discourse and to recognise that Paul was using the established rhetorical technique of censuring with counterfeit praise. While the passage can be read as a straightforward injunction to submit to the authorities, an ironic reading of the text results in a subversion of the very authorities it appears to commend.

LITERARY BOHEMIA IN THE USSR. STATE AND UNDERGROUND

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
O. M. Kirillina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Creative People ◽  
The Real ◽  
Formal Level ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ussr State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Real Test ◽  
Over Time

After Khrushchev's "Thaw" a new type of bohemia was formed in the USSR. Sensing the breath of freedom, many creative people were not ready to return to the borders, which were again clearly marked by the state. Art in the USSR was divided into official and unofficial, underground. Despite the difference in tastes and ideas, the underground was a rather cohesive structure: this was facilitated by the constant threat from the state and the need to feel support in a situation where writers were deprived of readers and objective criticism. Over time, the underground bohemia had its own luminaries, it became possible to publish (samizdat). After the mass emigration of the 1970s, there was a split between those who left the country, and between different generations of the underground. The state loosened its grip, samizdat became fashionable among the intelligentsia. The new bohemia did not seek to engage in a fierce battle with the state, hiding from its pressure in the kitchens of its own apartments and in the back rooms, polemizing with officials, first of all, at the formal level. The real test for the underground was the sharp changes in the country in the late 1980s: not everyone passed the test of time and market.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

Pragmatic versus Morphological/Syntactic Criteria for Language Referrals

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Damico ◽  
John W. Oller
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Remedial Programs ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Communicative Effectiveness

Two methods of identifying language disordered children are examined. Traditional approaches require attention to relatively superficial morphological and surface syntactic criteria, such as, noun-verb agreement, tense marking, pluralization. More recently, however, language testers and others have turned to pragmatic criteria focussing on deeper aspects of meaning and communicative effectiveness, such as, general fluency, topic maintenance, specificity of referring terms. In this study, 54 regular K-5 teachers in two Albuquerque schools serving 1212 children were assigned on a roughly matched basis to one of two groups. Group S received in-service training using traditional surface criteria for referrals, while Group P received similar in-service training with pragmatic criteria. All referrals from both groups were reevaluated by a panel of judges following the state determined procedures for assignment to remedial programs. Teachers who were taught to use pragmatic criteria in identifying language disordered children identified significantly more children and were more often correct in their identification than teachers taught to use syntactic criteria. Both groups identified significantly fewer children as the grade level increased.

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