Challenges of differential diagnosis of mediators-induced and bradykinin-induced angioedema shown by a clinical case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Irina A. Manto ◽  
Elena A. Latysheva ◽  
Daria O. Timoshenko ◽  
Tatiana V. Latysheva
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Selection Of

Angioedema is caused by a local increase in vascular permeability induced by bradykinin or mast cell mediators. The main challenge of the differential diagnosis of angioedema lies in the fact that different pathophysiological processes may lead to a very similar clinical picture. Moreover, verification of the type of angioedema is crucial for selection of appropriate therapy. In 2020, a school for doctors Chronic urticaria: scientific and medical accomplishments and practical aspects of patient management was held on the basis of the National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the FMBA of Russia as part of the work of the reference center that provides expert assistance to patients with urticaria (GALEN UCARE). A clinical case series of related patients with hereditary angioedema due to a mutation in the PLG gene was presented to demonstrate the challenges of the differential diagnosis between types of angioedema. This article focused on the description of this series.

Congenital optic disc coloboma

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
A.O. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
E.E. Sidorenko ◽  
D.V. Miguel ◽  
A.S. Smartsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Optic Disc Coloboma ◽  
Optic Nerve Coloboma

A clinical case of observation of a 3-year-old child with a newly diagnosed optic nerve coloboma and multiple malformations is considered. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the diagnosis are reflected. On the example of this child, the differential diagnosis with Charge syndrome is considered. Key words: coloboma, optic nerve coloboma, partial optic nerve atrophy, astigmatism, Charge syndrome.

scholarly journals Clinical case of observation of patient with primary systemic amyloidosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Fedulaev ◽  
N. V. Khabazov ◽  
A. Yu. Chuprakova ◽  
M. V. Ezhikova ◽  
A. A. Kurshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Primary Amyloidosis ◽  
Amyloid Protein

Amyloidosis combines diseases that are characterized by extracellular deposition of a specific insoluble fibrillar amyloid protein. The prevalence of amyloidosis is an average of 10 cases per 100 thousand people. The clinic of the disease is polymorphic and depends on the organ with amyloid deposition. The article discusses the clinical case of systemic amyloidosis with damage to the stomach, liver and other organs. The differential diagnosis was carried out with tuberculosis, cancer, cirrhosis. The final diagnosis was made by histological examination of biopsy samples of the liver and stomach. Difficulties in diagnosing primary amyloidosis are due to the attrition and non‑specificity of the clinical picture of the disease. Amyloidosis is diagnosed based on organ biopsy data.

scholarly journals Accidental discovery of HIV infection in a child at the age of 1 year 10 months: analysis of a clinical case

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
E. V. Striga ◽  
O. V. Zaytseva ◽  
D. Yu. Komelyagin ◽  
S. V. Iamatina ◽  
S. A. Dubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Parotid Region ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Syndrome

The article presents a clinical example of a case of accidental diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus in a child at the age of 1 year 10 months with an abscess in the parotid region on the left and the newly diagnosed lymphoproliferative syndrome. The expression of lymphoproliferative syndrome did not correspond to the clinical picture of the underlying disease, therefore differential diagnosis was made between such diseases as histiocytosis, haemoblastosis, primary immunodeficiency disorders, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, tuberculosis. As a result, a human immunodeficiency virus was diagnosed in a child of young age who does not have an apparently burdened history. As a result, the child was timely sent to a specialized hospital for in-depth examination and treatment.

scholarly journals Differential diagnostics of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata: The clinical picture and trichoscopic signs

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
A. N. Mareeva ◽  
G. L. Katunin ◽  
A. B. Rubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Terminal Hair ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
Scalp Lesions

This paper describes a clinical case of secondary syphilis, which was manifested exclusively by syphilitic alopecia.We describe the details of the clinical picture, as well as a differential diagnosis of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata on the basis of trichoscopy data.For a patient with scalp lesions typical of syphilis (focal form of alopecia), the trichoscopic picture was represented by hairs broken at different heights from 1 to 5 mm, “empty” follicles (“yellow” dots), anisotrichosis due to the loss of terminal hair. The eyebrow trichoscopy showed “yellow dots”, vellus hairs, hair thinning due to the loss of bristly hair. A comparison of the trichoscopic pictures for alopecia areata and syphilitic areata have revealed the absence in the latter of a number of signs typical of the former, such as pencil-point, ex clamation-point, zigzag, monilethrix and tulip hairs.Patients with a clinical picture of focal, diffuse or mix ed alopecia should be tested for syphilis using serological methods.

scholarly journals Primary intraosseous meningioma

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Elder ◽  
Roscoe Atkinson ◽  
Chi-Shing Zee ◽  
Thomas C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adjuvant Therapies ◽  
Intraosseous Meningioma

✓Primary intraosseous meningiomas are a subtype of primary extradural meningiomas and constitute fewer than 2% of meningiomas overall, but they represent approximately two thirds of all extradural meningiomas. These types of meningiomas originate within the bones of the skull and thus can have a clinical presentation and radiographic differential diagnosis that is different from those for intradural meningiomas. Primary intraosseous meningiomas are classified based on their location and histopathological characteristics. Treatment primarily involves resection with wide margins if possible. Very little literature exists regarding the use of adjuvant therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy for these tumors. In fact, the literature regarding primary intra-osseous meningiomas consists mostly of clinical case reports and case series. This literature is reviewed and summarized in this article.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and neoplasm of the choroid (clinical case)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Getmantseva ◽  
Anna Y. Malafeeva ◽  
Matvey V. Alyabev ◽  
Alexei N. Kulikov ◽  
Dmitrii S. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound Imaging

Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy is a relatively rare and difficult to diagnose disease. This condition is clinically similar to choroidal melanoma, which is why it is called pseudomelanoma. An erroneous diagnosis of choroidal melanoma can lead to the wrong choice of aggressive treatment tactics. The aim of this work was to present a case of differential diagnosis of suspected neoplasm of the choroid with peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy. The described clinical case demonstrates characteristic clinical picture and results of ultrasound with Doppler mapping, spectral optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for this condition, as well as important differential diagnostic signs of choroidal melanoma. Complaints, history, clinical picture and the results of instrumental examinations were characteristic of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and allowed to exclude the diagnosis of choroidal neoplasm. Pathogenetic treatment (intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents) and observation were recommended to the patient, since this disease often affects both eyes. The main differential diagnostic criterion for suspected choroidal melanoma is Doppler ultrasound imaging. In difficult clinical cases, structural optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy provide valuable additional information for verifying the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Case Report: Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia in Children: A Pediatric Case Series and a Brief Overview of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Zama ◽  
Edoardo Muratore ◽  
Arianna Giannetti ◽  
Iria Neri ◽  
Francesca Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Systemic Mastocytosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Genetic Trait

Hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HαT) is a recently described autosomal dominant genetic trait caused by an increased copy number of the TPSAB1 gene. It commonly leads to elevated basal serum tryptase levels, and it is associated with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Some individuals report few to no symptoms, while others present with a spectrum of debilitating features. Most symptoms related to HαT may be explained by mast cell activation and mediator release, namely multiple allergies, anaphylaxis, and skin rash. However, the genotype-phenotype correlation has not yet been clearly understood. In particular, the characterization of the clinical spectrum lacks in children, where differential diagnosis could be challenging. Systemic mastocytosis, HαT, and mast cell activation syndrome are all associated with overlapping pathophysiology and symptoms, making the distinction between these conditions a difficult task. We herein describe two pediatric cases of HαT and their respective families at our tertiary care teaching hospital, highlighting the diagnostic workup and differential diagnosis. We also provide a brief review of the literature to underline the peculiar features of this condition in children.

A clinical case of difficult diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
E. N. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
T. A. Mayorova ◽  
S. S. Romanchenko ◽  
T. V. Zuevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Intestinal Disease ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Difficult Diagnosis

The paper presents a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, which had a vague clinical picture and required a combined examination for differential diagnosis with intestinal disease (Crohn’s disease with extraintestinal manifestations). Data of instrumental, laboratory studies during hospitalization and data of pathoanatomic examination after death of the patient from the developed complications are presented.

A rare case of oculocutaneous melanosis (nevus of Ota) at Ophthalmologist's appointment

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
E.E. Sidorenko ◽  
◽  
A.O. Nazarenko ◽  
I.V. Suhanova ◽  
A.P. Shavaleeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Nevus Of Ota ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Eye Melanoma

A rare clinical case of nevus of Ota in a 6-year-old child is described. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods used in this case are reflected. On the example of the patients presented in this article, differential diagnosis with alkaptonuria is fully described. Given the risk of transition to skin melanoma and ocular melanoma, patients with nevus of Ota should be observed by Dermatologist and Ophthalmologist annually. Such patients should also strictly avoid exposition to any ultraviolet radiation and exclude possible risk factors traumatizing the nevus. Key words: nevus, Ota nevus, alkaptonuria, skin melanoma, eye melanoma.

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