scholarly journals Differential diagnostics of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata: The clinical picture and trichoscopic signs

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
A. N. Mareeva ◽  
G. L. Katunin ◽  
A. B. Rubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Terminal Hair ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
Scalp Lesions

This paper describes a clinical case of secondary syphilis, which was manifested exclusively by syphilitic alopecia.We describe the details of the clinical picture, as well as a differential diagnosis of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata on the basis of trichoscopy data.For a patient with scalp lesions typical of syphilis (focal form of alopecia), the trichoscopic picture was represented by hairs broken at different heights from 1 to 5 mm, “empty” follicles (“yellow” dots), anisotrichosis due to the loss of terminal hair. The eyebrow trichoscopy showed “yellow dots”, vellus hairs, hair thinning due to the loss of bristly hair. A comparison of the trichoscopic pictures for alopecia areata and syphilitic areata have revealed the absence in the latter of a number of signs typical of the former, such as pencil-point, ex clamation-point, zigzag, monilethrix and tulip hairs.Patients with a clinical picture of focal, diffuse or mix ed alopecia should be tested for syphilis using serological methods.

scholarly journals Early arthritis as a rheumatological chameleon: a description of a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
E. A. Galushko ◽  
A. V. Alekseeva ◽  
G. V. Serikova ◽  
A. S. Semashko
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Early Arthritis ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The article discusses the difficulties of differential diagnosis of early arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases with a predominant clinical picture of extraintestinal manifestations, in particular, articular syndrome. The clinical observation demonstrates features of the course of such conditions, a long diagnostic search and a wide list of diseases included in differential diagnostics range.

Congenital optic disc coloboma

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
A.O. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
E.E. Sidorenko ◽  
D.V. Miguel ◽  
A.S. Smartsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Optic Disc Coloboma ◽  
Optic Nerve Coloboma

A clinical case of observation of a 3-year-old child with a newly diagnosed optic nerve coloboma and multiple malformations is considered. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the diagnosis are reflected. On the example of this child, the differential diagnosis with Charge syndrome is considered. Key words: coloboma, optic nerve coloboma, partial optic nerve atrophy, astigmatism, Charge syndrome.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Zosteriform Cutaneous Metastases from a Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Andrés González García ◽  
Emiliano Grillo Fernández ◽  
Ignacio Barbolla Díaz ◽  
Asunción Ballester ◽  
Héctor Pian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cutaneous Metastases ◽  
Clinical Point ◽  
Scalp Lesions

From a clinical point of view, the most common presentations of cutaneous metastatic disease are papules and nodules. However, a wide morphological spectrum of lesions has been described, including erythematous patches or plaques, inflammatory erysipelas-like lesions, diffuse sclerodermiform lesions with induration of the skin, telangiectatic papulovesicles, purpuric plaques mimicking vasculitis, and alopecia areata like scalp lesions. The so-called zosteriform pattern has been described to be in few cases and to the best of our knowledge has never been described associated with a metastasis of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This case highlights the relevance of including cutaneous metastases in the differential diagnosis of patients with nonhealing herpes zoster-like lesions, especially in those with underlying neoplasm recently diagnosed.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis in hematochezia

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
D. I. Trukhan ◽  
L. V. Tarasova ◽  
E. I. Busalaeva ◽  
O. L. Ariamkina
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Differential Diagnostics

The appearance of hematohecia (blood in the bowel movement) is considered one of the most disturbing and serious symptoms of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), signaling a violation of the integrity of the vessels of the intestine and mucous membrane. In the presented lecture the main diseases and conditions are considered, in the clinical picture of which the appearance of blood in the stool is noted, which must be considered in the course of differential diagnostics

scholarly journals Clinical case of observation of patient with primary systemic amyloidosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Fedulaev ◽  
N. V. Khabazov ◽  
A. Yu. Chuprakova ◽  
M. V. Ezhikova ◽  
A. A. Kurshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Primary Amyloidosis ◽  
Amyloid Protein

Amyloidosis combines diseases that are characterized by extracellular deposition of a specific insoluble fibrillar amyloid protein. The prevalence of amyloidosis is an average of 10 cases per 100 thousand people. The clinic of the disease is polymorphic and depends on the organ with amyloid deposition. The article discusses the clinical case of systemic amyloidosis with damage to the stomach, liver and other organs. The differential diagnosis was carried out with tuberculosis, cancer, cirrhosis. The final diagnosis was made by histological examination of biopsy samples of the liver and stomach. Difficulties in diagnosing primary amyloidosis are due to the attrition and non‑specificity of the clinical picture of the disease. Amyloidosis is diagnosed based on organ biopsy data.

Challenges of differential diagnosis of mediators-induced and bradykinin-induced angioedema shown by a clinical case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Irina A. Manto ◽  
Elena A. Latysheva ◽  
Daria O. Timoshenko ◽  
Tatiana V. Latysheva
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Selection Of

Angioedema is caused by a local increase in vascular permeability induced by bradykinin or mast cell mediators. The main challenge of the differential diagnosis of angioedema lies in the fact that different pathophysiological processes may lead to a very similar clinical picture. Moreover, verification of the type of angioedema is crucial for selection of appropriate therapy. In 2020, a school for doctors Chronic urticaria: scientific and medical accomplishments and practical aspects of patient management was held on the basis of the National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the FMBA of Russia as part of the work of the reference center that provides expert assistance to patients with urticaria (GALEN UCARE). A clinical case series of related patients with hereditary angioedema due to a mutation in the PLG gene was presented to demonstrate the challenges of the differential diagnosis between types of angioedema. This article focused on the description of this series.

scholarly journals Accidental discovery of HIV infection in a child at the age of 1 year 10 months: analysis of a clinical case

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
E. V. Striga ◽  
O. V. Zaytseva ◽  
D. Yu. Komelyagin ◽  
S. V. Iamatina ◽  
S. A. Dubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Parotid Region ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Syndrome

The article presents a clinical example of a case of accidental diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus in a child at the age of 1 year 10 months with an abscess in the parotid region on the left and the newly diagnosed lymphoproliferative syndrome. The expression of lymphoproliferative syndrome did not correspond to the clinical picture of the underlying disease, therefore differential diagnosis was made between such diseases as histiocytosis, haemoblastosis, primary immunodeficiency disorders, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, tuberculosis. As a result, a human immunodeficiency virus was diagnosed in a child of young age who does not have an apparently burdened history. As a result, the child was timely sent to a specialized hospital for in-depth examination and treatment.

scholarly journals Alopecia Areata Incognita and Diffuse Alopecia Areata: Clinical, Trichoscopic, Histopathological, and Therapeutic Features of a 5-Year Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Alessandrini ◽  
Michela Starace ◽  
Francesca Bruni ◽  
Nicolò Brandi ◽  
Carlotta Baraldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Histological Diagnosis ◽  
Frequent Pattern ◽  
Topical Steroid Therapy ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
Benign Course

Background: Alopecia areata is a nonscarring hair loss that usually causes round patches of baldness, but alopecia areata incognita (AAI) and diffuse alopecia areata (DAA) can cause a diffuse and acute pattern of hair loss. Objective: To analyze the clinical, trichoscopic, histological, and therapeutic features of AAI and DAA. Methods: The study was designed to include data of patients with histological diagnosis of AAI and DAA enrolled in our Hair Disease Outpatient Consultations. Results: DAA had a greater involvement of the parietal and anterior-temporal regions, while AAI manifested itself mainly in the occipital-parietal regions. The most frequent pattern was empty yellow dots, yellow dots with vellus hairs, and small hair in regrowth, but the presence of pigtail hair was found almost exclusively in those with AAI. In cases of DDA, the finding of dystrophic hair and black dots was more frequent. The most frequent trichoscopic sign in both diseases was the presence of empty yellow dots, which, however, were described in a higher percentage in cases of DAA. The diseases have a benign course and are responsive to topical steroid therapy. Conclusions: Trichoscopy is very important for the differential diagnosis between the 2 diseases and to select the best site for biopsy. In the presence of diffuse hair thinning, these entities must be considered.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and neoplasm of the choroid (clinical case)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Getmantseva ◽  
Anna Y. Malafeeva ◽  
Matvey V. Alyabev ◽  
Alexei N. Kulikov ◽  
Dmitrii S. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound Imaging

Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy is a relatively rare and difficult to diagnose disease. This condition is clinically similar to choroidal melanoma, which is why it is called pseudomelanoma. An erroneous diagnosis of choroidal melanoma can lead to the wrong choice of aggressive treatment tactics. The aim of this work was to present a case of differential diagnosis of suspected neoplasm of the choroid with peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy. The described clinical case demonstrates characteristic clinical picture and results of ultrasound with Doppler mapping, spectral optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for this condition, as well as important differential diagnostic signs of choroidal melanoma. Complaints, history, clinical picture and the results of instrumental examinations were characteristic of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and allowed to exclude the diagnosis of choroidal neoplasm. Pathogenetic treatment (intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents) and observation were recommended to the patient, since this disease often affects both eyes. The main differential diagnostic criterion for suspected choroidal melanoma is Doppler ultrasound imaging. In difficult clinical cases, structural optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy provide valuable additional information for verifying the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Alopecia Areata vs Trichotillomania. Differential Diagnosis According to Trichoscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-513
Author(s):  
Aida G. Gadzhigoroeva
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis

Alopecia areata is one of the most common forms of hair loss in children. Meantime, its clinical picture is similar to trichotillomania, thus, it leads to incorrect diagnosis and management. The article provides major differential diagnosis signs for these related forms of alopecia and describes in details trichoscopic features of alopecia areata and trichotillomania.

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