Chernobyl tragedy and its complications

ANCIENT LAND ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Nəhayət Mübariz qızı Hüseynli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Radioactive Cloud ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Damage

On April 26, 1986, an accident occurred at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was perhaps one of the greatest tragedies in human history. The fire, which lasted for nine days, caused great damage. While most of the radioactive cloud that formed after the station exploded was moving toward Eastern Europe, the rest of the "death cloud" was blown south by the winds. In general, the incident caused great damage to the Ukrainian economy. In 12 regions of Ukraine, 50,000 square kilometers were highly polluted. The nuclear accident killed about 15,000 people and affected thousands of others. The largest accident in the history of world energy is the Chernobyl accident. It was decided to mark April 26, 2017 as World Remembrance Day in connection with the Chernobyl tragedy. According to the Society of Chernobyl Disabled People in Azerbaijan, there are currently more than 5,000 participants in the Chernobyl accident in our country. Today, the state is taking necessary measures to strengthen the social protection of Chernobyl victims in Azerbaijan and protect their health. Key words: Chernobyl, Ukraine, AES, Pripyat, “dead city”, tragedy, radiation, “death cloud”

The Chernobyl tragedy

ANCIENT LAND ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Nahayat Huseynli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Human History ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Radioactive Cloud ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Damage

On April 26, 1986, an accident occurred at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The accident at the Chernobly nuclear power plant was perhaps one of the greatest tragedies in human history. The fire, which lasted for nine days, caused great damage. While most of the radioactive cloud that formed Eastern Europe, the rest of the “death cloud” was blown south by the winds. In general, the incident caused great damage to the Ukrainian economy. In 12 regions of Ukraine, 50,000 square kilometers were highly polluted. About 15,000 people died and thousands were affected by various diseases the nuclear accident. The largest accident in the history of world energy is the Chernobyl accident.

scholarly journals SPECIALIZED AND HIGH-TECH MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE VICTIMS OF THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL NPP IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNION STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Aleksanin ◽  
V. Yu. Rybnikov ◽  
K. K. Rogalev ◽  
Yu. V. Gudz ◽  
S. V. Dudarenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Chernobyl Npp ◽  
Radiation Medicine

This paper presents the experience and features of the organization and provision of specialized and hightech medical care to victims of the Chernobyl accident in the framework of the activities of the Union State in the Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine EMERCOM of Russia. It reveals the features of the morbidity, disability and mortality of the injured in the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The paper presents the data on the types and amount of medical assistance provided to victims of the Chernobyl accident for the period from 2007 to 2018 as well as the features of the organization of rendering specialized, including hi-tech, medical assistance and medical rehabilitation to participants of liquidation of consequences of the Chernobyl accident and inhabitants of the radioactively contaminated territories.

scholarly journals Аnalysis of studies presented in articles on mitigation of biomedical consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant worldwide (1986–2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
V. I. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Radiation Physics ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
The World

A lack of accessible information about the demand for domestic articles on the mitigation of consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the early post-accident period necessitates referring to publications presented in international bibliographic databases, which can be a good help in planning research and preparing publications. The intention is an analysis of articles in the field of eliminating the biomedical consequences of the Chernobyl accident in the world and in Russia, indexed in the Scopus database in 1986–2018. A search query gave an array of 3929 articles in Scopus. The largest number of articles was published by authors from the USA (13.2%), Ukraine (12.6%) and Russia (12.2%). A significant number of articles were published by international authors. The average annual number of articles was (119±6) in the whole array and (15±2) in the Russian array. In the whole array, 11.5% of the articles dealt with the biomedical problems of the liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident; 12.5% – the population living in the radioactively-contaminated territories; 18.7% – neoplasms; 8.6% – medical radiation physics; 21.2% – radioecology; 12.0% – biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology. In the Russian array, these respective percentages were 19.8, 17.3, 18.1, 21.7, 18.8% and 10.2%. On average, there were 10.5 citations per article, 70% of the articles were at least once cited, self-citations made up to 17.6%, and the Hirsch index was 81. A quite high demand for articles in the field of eliminating the biomedical consequences of the Chernobyl accident has been revealed among the world scientific community. Russian scientists should form a habit of quoting articles from their colleagues more often. Some domestic magazines still have a low publishing culture. A lack of transliterated lists of references not only precludes from indexing articles in Scopus, but also interferes with citing research papers from domestic scientists, their affiliated research institutions, and Russia as a whole.

scholarly journals Coronary artery calcinosis and metabolic disorders in Chernobyl accident responders

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L. B. Drygina ◽  
V. N. Khirmanov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Mineral Density

Relevance. Atherocalcinosis is a prognostically unfavorable pathology that is often found in the general population and, especially, in the liquidators of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Its pathogenesis has not been sufficiently studied, as well as its treatment.Intention: To establish relationship between the severity of coronary artery calcinosis and biomarkers of inflammation, bone metabolism and vascular calcification in liquidators of the consequences of Chernobyl accident at a remote period. Methodology. The study group was made up of 90 liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident – men aged 40 to 78 years, the median – 59 years, at the time of participation in emergency recovery work they were from 18 to 53 years old. Proteins of inflammation, osteocalcin,  mineral metabolism, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, fetuin A in patients’ blood serum were analyzed. Expression of coronary vessel calcinosis was evaluated on the basis of multispiral computed tomography data with determination of calcium index by Agatston method, peculiarities of bone mineral density change depending on cardiac calcinosis severity in persons who participated in the aftermath of Chernobyl accident suffering from atherosclerosis.Results and Discussion. Liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident with reduced bone mineral density were more likely to have a high and extremely high degree of coronary artery calcinosis (65 %) than patients without osteopenia (49 %). The serum level of osteocalcin in patients with reduced bone mineral density was significantly greater than in the subgroup with unchanged bone mineral density. It has been established that in liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident,  inflammation with high values  of C-reactive protein and leptin in the blood was associated with reduced fetuin A levels. In the liquidators of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant with a calcium index of more than 400 points, osteoprotegerin was statistically significantly higher, and the level of fetuin was statistically significantly lower than in other patients.Conclusion. Changes in calcium metabolism and bone mineral metabolism as well as systemic inflammation are closely related to the change in the calcium index in liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident with coronary heart disease and, along with instrumental diagnostic methods, may reflect the degree and severity of vascular injury. In addition, the study of the mechanisms of formation of cardiac calcinosis is extremely important due to the fact that they can be targets for pharmacological intervention, the effects of which will change the nature of atherosclerosis progression.

Self-Paid Back Technologies of Clearing of Territories Contaminated With Radionuclides

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sharavarau ◽  
A. Basharin ◽  
M. Sharovarova ◽  
M. Drougatchenok ◽  
E. Bayle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radioactive Substance ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Ecological Disaster

Abstract After the explosion of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant a great amount of radioactive substance was thrown out of the wrecked reactor into the atmosphere. The fall-out covered the territory of Belarus in a few big spots. The total area of the territory of Belarus contaminated with radionuclides amounts to 46.5 thousand km2. It is more than 20% of the whole territory. After the Chernobyl accident Belarus has become the zone of the ecological disaster.

Medical Radiological Consequences after 35 Years after the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
L. Il'in ◽  
V. Ivanov ◽  
I. Linge ◽  
V. Kashcheev ◽  
O. Kochetkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
The Russian Federation

Purpose: In an article prepared on the basis of the conclusion of the Russian Scientific Commission on Radiological Protection (RSCRP) at the Department of Medical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Assessment of the radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident after 35 years according to the National Radiation and Epidemiological Register" (NRER), the main conclusions of the large-scale radiation-epidemiological studies carried out. Material and methods: The work uses information NRER – liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and the Branch Register of FMBA of Russia – liquidators. When assessing the excess relative risk of malignant neoplasms, the EPICURE. Results: The current status of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Register, which is currently functioning within the framework of the Law of the Russian Federation of 30.12.2012 No. 329-FZ “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in terms of ensuring that changes in the health status of certain categories of citizens are taken into account exposed to radiation". For the first time in an integral form, the article presents the medical radiological consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant for the population of Russia. It was found that an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer due to incorporated exposure to 131I was found in a cohort of children and adolescents (28 856 people) who received radiation doses of more than 200 mGy in 1986. There was no increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer among the adult population. Analysis of the incidence of solid cancers in the territories of the Bryansk, Kaluga, Tula and Oryol regions contaminated with radionuclides did not reveal an increase in the frequency of this pathology for children and adults. It is shown that in the cohort of liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, who received radiation doses of more than 150 mGy (35 303 people), an increase in the incidence of leukemia during the first 11 years after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and solid cancers was revealed in comparison with the spontaneous level. Conclusions: The article points out serious limitations associated with a high degree of uncertainty in the received personal dosimetric data on liquidators in 1986–1987. and the need to use the total dose from all types of radiation (professional, emergency, medical, natural) to calculate the radiation risk. RSCRP emphasizes the high urgency of continuing work on reducing the uncertainty of dosimetry data and assessing the radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident based on a comprehensive analysis of the NRER data.

scholarly journals Thyroid radiation pathology in children and adolescents. Lecture 1. The effect of small doses and the concept of the risk of the long-term consequences of the Chernobyl disaster

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Kasatkina ◽  
D. E. Shilin
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Chernobyl Disaster ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
History Of

The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (Chernobyl nuclear power plant) on April 26, 1986, in terms of its scope and totality of consequences, is the largest nuclear disaster of our time, a nationwide disaster affecting the fate of millions of people living in vast territories. The Chernobyl disaster is one of the global in the history of human civilization. It is widely recognized that it entailed a variety of widespread social consequences and medical problems. The unprecedented nature of a nuclear accident is primarily associated with irradiation of the thyroid gland in many people, especially children, with radioactive iodine.

scholarly journals Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. e-21-e-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shkvyria ◽  
D. Vishnevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Large Predators

Large Carnivores of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Exclusion Zone During nine years observations on large carnivores of Exclusion Zone have been carried out. Species composition and the number of large predators in the Exclusion Zone correspond to the regional conditions. The presence of bears and permanent stay of the lynx in the Exclusion Zone was confirmed. Six wolf packs were counted. The use of an anthropogenically transformed areas, the shift of the daily regime of activity and characteristics of the diet are the most specific features of this animal group.

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