scholarly journals The relationship between release speed, heart rate and rate of perceived exertion across maximal and submaximal intensities in fast bowlers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Release Speed ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Usefulness of Linear Mixed-Effects Models to Assess the Relationship between Objective and Subjective Internal Load in Team Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Alice Iannaccone ◽  
Daniele Conte ◽  
Cristina Cortis ◽  
Andrea Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Random Slopes ◽  
The Relationship

Internal load can be objectively measured by heart rate-based models, such as Edwards’ summated heart rate zones, or subjectively by session rating of perceived exertion. The relationship between internal loads assessed via heart rate-based models and session rating of perceived exertion is usually studied through simple correlations, although the Linear Mixed Model could represent a more appropriate statistical procedure to deal with intrasubject variability. This study aimed to compare conventional correlations and the Linear Mixed Model to assess the relationships between objective and subjective measures of internal load in team sports. Thirteen male youth beach handball players (15.9 ± 0.3 years) were monitored (14 training sessions; 7 official matches). Correlation coefficients were used to correlate the objective and subjective internal load. The Linear Mixed Model was used to model the relationship between objective and subjective measures of internal load data by considering each player individual response as random effect. Random intercepts were used and then random slopes were added. The likelihood-ratio test was used to compare statistical models. The correlation coefficient for the overall relationship between the objective and subjective internal data was very large (r = 0.74; ρ = 0.78). The Linear Mixed Model using both random slopes and random intercepts better explained (p < 0.001) the relationship between internal load measures. Researchers are encouraged to apply the Linear Mixed Models rather than correlation to analyze internal load relationships in team sports since it allows for the consideration of the individuality of players.

Energetics and Mechanics of Steep Treadmill Versus Overground Pole Walking: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nicola Giovanelli ◽  
Lara Mari ◽  
Asia Patini ◽  
Stefano Lazzer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Vertical Velocity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Pole Walking

Purpose: To compare energetics and spatiotemporal parameters of steep uphill pole walking on a treadmill and overground. Methods: First, the authors evaluated 6 male trail runners during an incremental graded test on a treadmill. Then, they performed a maximal overground test with poles and an overground test at 80% (OG80) of vertical velocity of maximal overground test with poles on an uphill mountain path (length = 1.3 km, elevation gain = 433 m). Finally, they covered the same elevation gain using poles on a customized treadmill at the average vertical velocity of the OG80. During all the tests, the authors measured oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and rate of perceived exertion. Results: Treadmills required lower metabolic power (15.3 [1.9] vs 16.6 [2.0] W/kg, P = .002) and vertical cost of transport (49.6 [2.7] vs 53.7 [2.1] J/kg·m, P < .001) compared with OG80. Also, oxygen uptake was lower on a treadmill (41.7 [5.0] vs 46.2 [5.0] mL/kg·min, P = .001). Conversely, respiratory quotient was higher on TR80 compared with OG80 (0.98 [0.02] vs 0.89 [0.04], P = .032). In addition, rate of perceived exertion was higher on a treadmill and increased with elevation (P < .001). The authors did not detect any differences in other physiological measurements or in spatiotemporal parameters. Conclusions: Researchers, coaches, and athletes should be aware that steep treadmill pole walking requires lower energy consumption but same heart rate and rate of perceived exertion than overground pole walking at the same average intensity.

scholarly journals Relationship between External and Internal Workloads in Elite Soccer Players: Comparison between Rate of Perceived Exertion and Training Load

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5174
Author(s):  
Alessio Rossi ◽  
Enrico Perri ◽  
Luca Pappalardo ◽  
Paolo Cintia ◽  
F. Iaia
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The use of machine learning (ML) in soccer allows for the management of a large amount of data deriving from the monitoring of sessions and matches. Although the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), training load (S-RPE), and global position system (GPS) are standard methodologies used in team sports to assess the internal and external workload; how the external workload affects RPE and S-RPE remains still unclear. This study explores the relationship between both RPE and S-RPE and the training workload through ML. Data were recorded from 22 elite soccer players, in 160 training sessions and 35 matches during the 2015/2016 season, by using GPS tracking technology. A feature selection process was applied to understand which workload features influence RPE and S-RPE the most. Our results show that the training workloads performed in the previous week have a strong effect on perceived exertion and training load. On the other hand, the analysis of our predictions shows higher accuracy for medium RPE and S-RPE values compared with the extremes. These results provide further evidence of the usefulness of ML as a support to athletic trainers and coaches in understanding the relationship between training load and individual-response in team sports.

Perceived Exertion and Metabolic Responses of Women during Aerobic Dance Exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 691-700
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Schaefeer ◽  
Lynn A. Darby ◽  
Kathy D. Browder ◽  
Brenda D. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Metabolic Variables ◽  
Instructional Experience ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and metabolic responses was examined during aerobic dance exercise with combined arm and leg movements. 16 women with previous aerobic dance instructional experience performed three consecutive trials of 8 min. each of aerobic dance exercise at a cadence of 124 and 138 beats • min.-1 Estimates of RPE reported at the end of each trial were significantly different across the trials while heart rate and % maximum heart rate were significantly different between Trials 1 and 3. Correlations and partial correlations between RPE and all metabolic variables were not significant across trials and with trials combined except for ventilation. Results indicated that RPE should not be used singularly as an indicator of exercise intensity during aerobic dance exercise.

Temperature effects on ventilatory rate, heart rate, and preferred pedal rate during cycle ergometry

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Leweke ◽  
K. Bruck ◽  
H. Olschewski
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Experimental Time ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Pedal Rate ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion

According to the most customary exercise protocols, core temperature (Tc) rises in parallel with workload (WL) and experimental time. Physiological variables, however, may be related to each of these factors. To investigate effects of WL independent of experimental time and body temperature, we employed four moderate WLs in 4-min steps between 35 and 65% peak O2 uptake (VO2 peak) in randomized order. To investigate independent effects of body temperature, the same work protocol was performed both after resting in comfortable ambient temperature [control test (Cont)] and after a double cold exposure [precooling test (Pret)], where Tc and the temperature set point are decreased by approximately 0.6 and 0.3 degrees C, respectively. Eight male subjects (24 +/- 1.9 yr, VO2 peak 4.9 +/- 0.5 l/min) worked on a cycle ergometer in a climatic chamber. Heart rate (HR) and breathing frequency (BF), but not preferred pedal rate (PR), were positively correlated to Tc, the slopes amounting to 17 and 3.75 min-1/degree C for HR and BF, respectively. The regression appeared linear over the whole temperature range, and the regression lines were not shifted by precooling. PR was increased by time, but Pret-Cont differences of PR and Tc were inversely correlated (r = -0.50, P < 0.01). The effects of WL were highly significant on HR, O2 uptake, and rate of perceived exertion but not on BF, PR, and sweat rate. The relation of rate of perceived exertion to HR was shifted by precooling.

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