INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF THE INVASIVE SPECIES CIRSIUM ARVENSE, CANADA THISTLE, AND PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS, COMMON REED: USING ECOLOGICALLY BASED CONTROL MEASURES AT EACH STAGE OF THE INVASION PROCESS

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevyn J. Juneau
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
Canada Thistle

scholarly journals Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Response to Mowing and Herbicide Application

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Derr
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Nursery Crops ◽  
A Site ◽  
Wetland Habitats

AbstractCommon reed is an invasive species that has overtaken wetland habitats in the eastern United States and can spread into roadsides, turf, and ornamental sites. The postemergence grass herbicides used in nursery crops and turf, clethodim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, and sethoxydim, did not control common reed. Dithiopyr, MSMA, and quinclorac also did not control this weed. Glyphosate applied at 2.24 kg ai/ha (2.0 lb ai/ac) was more effective in preventing regrowth of common reed than glufosinate at 1.12 kg/ha (1.0 lb ai/ac). Mowing every 2, 4, or 8 wk controlled common reed 93, 81, and 69%, respectively, by the end of the growing season, but only reduced regrowth by approximately 55% the following May. Applying glyphosate at 2% v/v either 1 mo after a mowing or 2 wk prior to mowing reduced common reed regrowth the following May by approximately 90%. Applying glyphosate without mowing provided similar common reed control the following spring compared to glyphosate combined with a single mowing. Common reed regrew in all treated plots 1 yr after study initiation, indicating that control treatments must be repeated if common reed is to be eradicated from a site.

scholarly journals A Meta-analysis of Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Management

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Davis ◽  
Jane Mangold ◽  
Fabian Menalled ◽  
Noelle Orloff ◽  
Zach Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractAlthough stand-alone and integrated management techniques have been cited as viable approaches to managing Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop.], it continues to impact annual cropping and perennial systems worldwide. We conducted meta-analyses assessing effectiveness of management techniques and herbicide mechanism of action groups for controllingC. arvenseusing 55 studies conducted in annual cropping systems and 45 studies in perennial systems. Herbicide was the most studied technique in both types of systems and was effective at reducingC. arvense. However, integrated multitactic techniques, with or without herbicides, were more effective than sole reliance on herbicides for long-term control in both annual cropping and perennial systems. A variety of management techniques such as biocontrol, crop diversification, mowing, and soil disturbance provided control similar to that of herbicide. Our results suggest that many management techniques aimed at reducingC. arvensecan also improve crop yield or abundance of desired plants. This study highlights the need to devote more research to nonchemical and integrated management approaches forC. arvensecontrol.

scholarly journals Control of invasive Phragmites australis (European common reed) alters macroinvertebrate communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney D Robichaud ◽  
Jacob Basso ◽  
Rebecca C Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Invertebrate Communities ◽  
Invasive Species Control ◽  
Emergence Traps

Wetland restoration often involves invasive plant species suppression to encourage the recovery of native-dominated vegetation communities. However, assessment of recovery is usually focused only on vegetation and the response of other critical wetland biota, such as macroinvertebrates, is seldom assessed. We characterized the aquatic, semi-aquatic, and terrestrial macroinvertebrate communities in remnant, uninvaded marsh to identify restoration targets and compared this to the communities in Phragmites australis-invaded marsh, and in formerly invaded marsh that was treated with the herbicide glyphosate in 2016 to simultaneously evaluate the effects of invasion and of invasive species suppression. We sampled invertebrates in 2017 and 2018 to track two years following herbicide treatment. The invertebrate community composition captured by the emergence traps was similar between P. australis and remnant marsh, suggesting invasion has little effect on macroinvertebrate community structure. There was also high concordance between the aquatic and emerging invertebrate communities in the invaded and uninvaded habitats. In contrast, herbicide-treated sites had a unique community composition, characterized by very high densities of Chironomidae (Diptera) and low taxa richness and evenness. Herbicide-treated sites also exhibited low concordance between the aquatic and emerging invertebrate communities, potentially attributable to the sparse emerging vegetation cover providing limited substrates for emergence. Herbicide-based invasive species control results in considerable changes to the macroinvertebrate community in freshwater marshes for at least two years after treatment, which may have consequences for aquatic food webs and species that rely on macroinvertebrates as prey.

scholarly journals Title: Influences of reduced iron and magnesium on growth and photosynthetic performance of Phragmites australis subsp. americanus (North American common reed)

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. Willson ◽  
Angela N. Perantoni ◽  
Zachary C. Berry ◽  
Matthew I. Eicholtz ◽  
Yvette B. Tamukong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
North American ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance

Absorption, Translocation, and Foliar Activity of Clopyralid and Chlorsulfuron in Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) and Perennial Sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm D. Devine ◽  
William H. Vanden Born
Keyword(s):  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Root Buds

Both14C-clopyralid (3,6-dichloropicolinic acid) and14C-chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzensulfonamide} were readily absorbed by Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop. ♯ CIRAR] leaves, with 99 and 75%, respectively, of the applied doses absorbed 144 h after application. Absorbed14C-clopyralid was rapidly exported from the treated leaves, whereas14C-chlorsulfuron was translocated much more slowly. After 144 h, 29% of the applied14C-clopyralid and 5% of the applied14C-chlorsulfuron were recovered in the roots and developing root buds of Canada thistle plants. Smaller amounts of the two herbicides were absorbed and translocated in perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensisL. ♯ SONAR) than in Canada thistle. More14C-clopyralid than14C-chlorsulfuron was absorbed and translocated out of treated leaves of perennial sowthistle, but equal amounts, 3 to 4% of the applied doses, were recovered in the roots and root buds 144 h after application. Foliar applications of clopyralid, followed by removal of the treated shoot 24, 72, or 144 h after application, markedly reduced shoot regrowth in both Canada thistle and perennial sowthistle. Similar treatment with chlorsulfuron did not prevent shoot regrowth in either species.

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