scholarly journals Dalbavancin

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
José Barberán ◽  
Alicia de la Cuerda ◽  
Lourdes Cristina Barberán ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Weekly Dose ◽  
Consolidation Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Terminal Half Life ◽  
Long Acting

Dalbavancin is a long-acting antimicrobial agent with an excellent in vitro activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including staphylococcal biofilms. The unusually long terminal half-life ranging from 149 to 250 hours in human subjects, allows a weekly dose. Currently is indicated in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), but in real-life clinical practice it has already been used successfully and safely in other infections, especially as consolidation therapy.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Dalbavancin Tested against Staphylococcus aureus with Decreased Susceptibility to Glycopeptides, Daptomycin, and/or Linezolid from United States (US) Medical Centers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S378-S378
Author(s):  
Helio S Sader ◽  
Rodrigo E Mendes ◽  
Leonard R Duncan ◽  
Michael A Pfaller ◽  
Robert K Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
The Us ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Dalbavancin (DALBA) was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (2014) and European Medicines Agency (2015) for treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. Dalbavancin activity was assessed against a large collection of S. aureus clinical isolates with decreased susceptibility (S) to key antimicrobial agents used to treat severe S. aureus infections. Methods The organism collection included isolates with decreased S to vancomycin (VAN; MIC ≥2 μg/mL; n = 1,141), daptomycin (DAPTO; MIC ≥2 μg/mL [resistant (R) per CLSI and EUCAST]; n = 48), telavancin (TLV; MIC ≥0.12 μg/mL; n = 73), teicoplanin (TEICO; MIC ≥4 μg/mL [non-S (NS) per EUCAST]; n = 143), and/or linezolid (LNZ; MIC ≥8 μg/mL [R per CLSI and EUCAST]; n = 25). Isolates were selected among 59,903 US isolates tested in 2002–2016. S testing was performed by CLSI methods and MIC results were interpreted per CLSI and EUCAST criteria. Results Only 8 of 59,903 (0.01%) S. aureus isolates tested were categorized as DALBA-NS (MIC, >0.25 μg/mL). DALBA retained activity against 99.3% of isolates with VAN MICs of ≥2 μg/mL (Table), whereas DAPTO (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μg/mL) and LNZ (MIC50/90, 1/2 μg/mL) were active against 96.8% and 99.6% of isolates, respectively. DALBA (Table) and VAN (MIC50/90, 2/2 μg/mL) retained activity against 95.8% of DAPTO-NS S. aureus. When tested against TEICO-NS (EUCAST) isolates, S rates for DALBA, DAPTO, VAN, and LNZ were 95.1%, 95.8%, 97.9%, and 100.0%, respectively; and DALBA was 4- to 32-fold more potent than these comparator agents. All LNZ-R isolates (100.0%) were S to DALBA (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.06 μg/mL), DAPTO (MIC50/90, 0.5/0.5 μg/mL), and VAN (MIC50/90, 1/2 μg/mL), but DALBA was 8- and 16- to 32-fold more potent than DAPTO and VAN, respectively. MRSA rates ranged from 71.2–96.0% among these R subsets. Conclusion DALBA retained potent in vitro activity against S. aureus isolates, displaying decreased susceptibility to agents commonly used to treat serious infections and was consistently more potent than comparator agents. Disclosures H. S. Sader, Allergan: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. E. Mendes, Allergan: Research Contractor, Research grant; L. R. Duncan, Allergan: Research Contractor, Research grant; M. A. Pfaller, Allergan: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. K. Flamm, Allergan: Research Contractor, Research grant

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Iclaprim against Isolates in Two Phase 3 Clinical Trials (REVIVE-1 and -2) for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Noviello ◽  
Sophie Magnet ◽  
Stephen Hawser ◽  
David B. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Antibacterial Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Iclaprim, a selective bacterial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, and other antibiotics were tested against Gram-positive isolates from two phase 3 studies of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) (REVIVE-1 and -2). Seven hundred ninety baseline isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, β-hemolytic streptococci, and Streptococcus anginosus group, underwent antibacterial susceptibility testing. Iclaprim had an MIC90 of 0.12 μg/ml for S. aureus (0.12 μg/ml for methicillin susceptible, 0.25 μg/ml for methicillin resistant), 0.25 μg/ml for β-hemolytic streptococci, and 0.008 μg/ml for S. anginosus group. Iclaprim demonstrated potent activity against these Gram-positive ABSSSI isolates.

Emerging Treatment Options for Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections: Oritavancin

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMT.S2228
Author(s):  
Mary L. Townsend ◽  
Dustin Wilson ◽  
Melanie Pound ◽  
Richard Drew
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Complicated Skin ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints

Oritavancin is a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide with in vitro activity against a variety of aerobic Gram-positive pathogens (including drug-resistant forms of staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci) and select anaerobic organisms. Available published clinical efficacy and safety studies in humans to date focus primarily in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections. While oritavancin doses in these studies varied, single daily doses of 200 mg (300 mg in patients > 100 kg) for 3–7 days have demonstrated efficacy similar to comparators (such as vancomycin followed by cephalexin). The most frequent adverse events reported to date include gastrointestinal complaints, insomnia, dizziness, itching, and rash. Further safety and efficacy data are needed to better define its potential place in therapy.

scholarly journals Results of a local combination therapy antibiogram for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates: is double worth the trouble?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Song ◽  
Thomas J. Dilworth ◽  
Erik Munson ◽  
Jim Davis ◽  
Ramy H. Elshaboury
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Local Susceptibility ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: To determine the frequency at which fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides demonstrate in vitro activity against non-urinary, non-skin/skin structure Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exhibiting decreased susceptibilities to one or more β-lactam agents. Methods: β-lactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from blood, bone, lower respiratory tract, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, or peritoneal fluid cultures between October 2010 and October 2014 were reviewed from four community hospitals within a single health-system. Only the first isolate per patient was included for analysis. The likelihood that each isolate was susceptible to a non-β-lactam antimicrobial was then determined and summarized within a combination antibiogram. Results: In total, 179 P. aeruginosa isolates with decreased susceptibilities to one or more β-lactam agents were assessed. Because no appreciable differences in antimicrobial susceptibility profile were observed between hospitals, the isolates were evaluated in aggregate. Susceptibility rates for β-lactam monotherapy ranged from 34% to 75%. Aminoglycosides possessed increased antibacterial activity compared to fluoroquinolones. Tobramycin was the non-β-lactam most likely to expand antimicrobial coverage against β-lactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa with activity against 64%, 66%, and 65% of cefepime-, piperacillin-tazobactam-, and meropenem-non-susceptible isolates, respectively ( p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions: The results of this study support the use of aminoglycosides over fluoroquinolones for achieving optimal, empiric antimicrobial combination therapy for P. aeruginosa when dual antimicrobial therapy is clinically necessary. Future efforts aimed at optimizing combination therapy for P. aeruginosa should focus on systemic interventions that limit the selection of fluoroquinolones in combination with β-lactams to expand coverage based on local susceptibility rates.

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