Effect of nitrogen application strategy in the first cropping rice on dry matter accumulation, grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the first crop-ping rice and its ratoon rice crop

A field experiment was conducted at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India during the winter season for three consecutive years from 1995–96 to 1997–98 to study the effect of different nitrogen levels and Azotobacter inoculation on the growth, grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two varieties of oat. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The results revealed that oat variety JHO-822 was superior to OS-7 for grain yield. However, the variety OS-7 produced a higher straw yield than JHO-822. Increasing levels of nitrogen up to 60 kg/ha significantly increased the grain and straw yields over the lower doses on a pooled data basis. Nitrogen application also had a beneficial effect on the yield attributing traits of oat. Nitrogen utilization efficiency was highest at 60 kg N/ha and declined thereafter. Azotobacter inoculation was found beneficial in terms of increased grain and straw yield and higher nitrogen utilization efficiency over the uninoculated treatments.

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Coupling of Biochar with Nitrogen Supplements Improve Soil Fertility, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Rapeseed Growth

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1661 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zaid Khan ◽

Kangkang Zhang ◽

Mohammad Nauman Khan ◽

Shah Fahad ◽

Zhenghua Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Production ◽

Nitrogen Utilization ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Nitrogen Accumulation ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Sustainable Crop Production ◽

Nutrient Utilization Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency

Compensating nitrogen input and increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) are necessary for sustainable crop production. Research studies on the co-application of biochar and nitrogen to promote rapeseed growth, soil fertility, and improve nutrient utilization efficiency are found to be limited. This study aims to examine the integral effects of biochar and nitrogen over soil fertility, rapeseed growth and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design to assess various morphological, physiological and biochemical traits of rapeseed and soil chemical properties under the application of four nitrogen levels (0, 75, 225, and 450 kg ha−1 equivalent to 0, 133, 400 and 800 mg nitrogen pot−1) and four biochar levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 MT ha−1 equivalent to 0, 10, 20 and 30 g biochar pot−1 soil by weight basis). The results of this study showed that the integral application of biochar at 30 g pot−1 and nitrogen at 800 mg pot−1 at 45 days after sowing (DAS) and 60 days after sowing (DAS) compensated the amount of nitrogen and increased soil organic carbon (SOC 69%), total nitrogen accumulation (TNA) (93% and 62%), leaf biomass (60% and 33%), stem biomass (20% and 22%) and photosynthesis (20% and 17%) at 45 DAS and 60 DAS, respectively as compared to a single application of nitrogen. However, under the conditions of no nitrogen or 75 kg ha−1 nitrogen application, the application of biochar to promote the growth of rapeseed plants is limited due to the less nitrogen supply. In contrast, the application of nitrogen at 800 mg pot−1 and biochar at 10 or 20 g pot−1 showed that the growth of early seedlings was adversely affected due to high nitrogen concentration in soil. The findings of the present study imply that within the appropriate nitrogen application range, the interaction of biochar and nitrogen might have an economical approach towards better utilization of nitrogen and sustainable crop production.

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Analysis of Wheat Cultivar Differences in Grain Yield, Grain Nitrogen Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency.

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1111/j.1439-037x.1994.tb00181.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 172 (5) ◽

pp. 305-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Despo K. Papakosta

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Wheat Cultivar ◽

Nitrogen Utilization ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Cultivar Differences ◽

Nitrogen Yield ◽

Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency ◽

Grain Nitrogen

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Effects of the Diet Inclusion of Common Vetch Hay Versus Alfalfa Hay on the Body Weight Gain, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, Energy Balance, and Enteric Methane Emissions of Crossbred Simmental Cattle

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9110983 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 983 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wuchen Du ◽

Fujiang Hou ◽

Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽

Nobuyuki Kobayashi ◽

Toshiyoshi Ichinohe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

The Body ◽

Nitrogen Utilization ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Common Vetch ◽

Ch4 Emissions ◽

Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency ◽

Simmental Cattle

A low nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE, the ratio of retained N to N intake) and high methane (CH4) emissions of ruminants can lead to potentially high diet protein wastage and directly contribute to global warming. Diet manipulation is the most effective way to improve NUE or reduce CH4 emissions. This study investigated how replacing oat hay with alfalfa hay (AH) or common vetch hay (CVH) with different proportions (20% (20) and 40% (40) of the total dry matter (DM) allowance) affects the body weight gain (BWG), NUE, and CH4 emissions of crossbred Simmental cattle. The forage dry matter intake (DMI) and the total DMI of cattle fed on a CVH40 diet were significantly higher than the values for those fed on AH20 or AH40 diets (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the BWG for the four treatments observed, however, nutrient digestibility significantly decreased in the AH40 diet as compared with the AH20 diet (p < 0.05). The NUE was significantly lower in AH40 than in CVH20. The CH4 emissions were significantly lower for the CVH40 diet than with the AH20 diet (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that a 20% AH and 40% CVH substitution for oat hay are the optimal proportions to maintain the BWG, NUE, nutrient digestibility, and reduce the CH4 emissions of crossbred Simmental cattle. Overall, CVH has a greater potential to reduce CH4 emissions than AH.

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