The Obstetrical Dilemma

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Selective Force ◽  
Human Neonate ◽  
Narrow Pelvis

An evolutionary tradeoff: bipedalism requires a narrow pelvis, but larger brains require wider birth canals. Hence early birth. Chase Nelson analyzes a new theory in the debate over human neonate helplessness. Helplessness itself exerts a selective force; it requires intelligent parents.

Pain and Its Effects on the Human Neonate and Fetus

1988 ◽  
Vol XXXII (4) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
K. J. S. ANAND ◽  
P. R. HICKEY
Keyword(s):  
Human Neonate

Evaluation of factors affecting the difficulty of laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer: “narrow pelvis” is not a contraindication

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ogiso ◽  
Takashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiroaki Hata ◽  
Meiki Fukuda ◽  
Iwao Ikai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Anterior Resection ◽  
Laparoscopic Anterior Resection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Narrow Pelvis

On Teaching Endotracheal Intubation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-656
Author(s):  
Gerald H. Katzman
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
House Staff ◽  
Respiratory Therapists ◽  
Human Neonate

Teaching endotracheal intubation to a large number of house staff, nurses, and respiratory therapists is often a difficult task. The difficulty is mainly in finding appropriate situations for practice while at the same time not compromising patient care. The anesthetized kitten1 has been suggested as a good model for teaching intubation. Although practice on the kitten is useful, in my experience transference of the intubation skill to a clinical situation with a human neonate has been less than satisfactory.

Pharyngo-esophageal motility reflex mechanisms in the human neonate: Importance of integrative cross-systems physiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakia Sultana ◽  
Kathryn A. Hasenstab ◽  
Sudarshan R Jadcherla
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Motility ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Human Neonate ◽  
Systems Physiology

Swallowing is a critical function for survival and development in human neonates, and requires cross-system coordination between neurologic, airway, and digestive motility systems. Development of pharyngo-esophageal motility is influenced by intra- and extra-uterine development, pregnancy complications, and neonatal comorbidities. Primary role of these motility reflex mechanisms is to maintain aerodigestive homeostasis under basal and adaptive biologic conditions including oral feeding, gastroesophageal reflux, and sleep. Failure may result in feeding difficulties, airway compromise, dysphagia, aspiration syndromes, and chronic eating difficulties requiring prolonged tube feeding. We review the integration of cross-systems physiology to describe the basis for physiologic and pathophysiologic neonatal aerodigestive functions.

scholarly journals 3D pelvimetry and biometric measurements: a surgical perspective for colorectal resections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lorenzon ◽  
Fabiano Bini ◽  
Federica Landolfi ◽  
Serena Quinzi ◽  
Genoveffa Balducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depth Ratio ◽  
Pelvic Inlet ◽  
Pelvic Shape ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Narrow Pelvis ◽  
Inlet Angle ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Colorectal Resections

Abstract Purpose Male sex, high BMI, narrow pelvis, and bulky mesorectum were acknowledged as clinical variables correlated with a difficult pelvic dissection in colorectal surgery. This paper aimed at comparing pelvic biometric measurements in female and male patients and at providing a perspective on how pelvimetry segmentation may help in visualizing mesorectal distribution. Methods A 3D software was used for segmentation of DICOM data of consecutive patients aged 60 years, who underwent elective abdominal CT scan. The following measurements were estimated: pelvic inlet, outlet, and depth; pubic tubercle height; distances from the promontory to the coccyx and to S3/S4; distance from S3/S4 to coccyx’s tip; ischial spines distance; pelvic tilt; offset angle; pelvic inlet angle; angle between the inlet/sacral promontory/coccyx; angle between the promontory/coccyx/pelvic outlet; S3 angle; and pelvic inlet to pelvic depth ratio. The measurements were compared in males and females using statistical analyses. Results Two-hundred patients (M/F 1:1) were analyzed. Out of 21 pelvimetry measurements, 19 of them documented a significant mean difference between groups. Specifically, female patients had a significantly wider pelvic inlet and outlet but a shorter pelvic depth, and promontory/sacral/coccyx distances, resulting in an augmented inlet/depth ratio when comparing with males (p < 0.0001). The sole exceptions were the straight conjugate (p = 0.06) and S3 angle (p = 0.17). 3D segmentation provided a perspective of the mesorectum distribution according to the pelvic shape. Conclusion Significant differences in the structure of pelvis exist in males and females. Surgeons must be aware of the pelvic shape when approaching the rectum.

scholarly journals Malaria was a weak selective force in ancient Europeans

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere Gelabert ◽  
Iñigo Olalde ◽  
Toni de-Dios ◽  
Sergi Civit ◽  
Carles Lalueza-Fox
Keyword(s):  
Selective Force
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