Method of Non-Destructive Measurement of Natural Radionuclides Concentration in Building Materials

ANRI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Aleksey Vasil'ev ◽  
Aleksey Ekidin ◽  
Mariya Pyshkina ◽  
Georgiy Malinovskiy ◽  
Aleksandra Onischenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Gamma Spectrometer ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Calculated Flux

A method for non-destructive monitoring of the content of natural radionuclides in building materials has been developed. Spectrum measurements of gamma radiation are carried out with a pre-calibrated field gamma spectrometer. The calculation of the average specific activity of natural radionuclides in building materials is carried out by comparing the calculated flux density of unscattered gamma quanta normalized to the specific activity, and the experimentally measured count rates in the photopeak. calculated for the geometry of the room under study and the location of the detector. Application of the developed method makes it possible to estimate the average activity of natural radionuclides in building materials without destruction.

scholarly journals Environmental and radiation assessment of construction materials in Tyumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Elena Viktorovna Zakharova ◽  
Elena Viktorovna Gaevaya ◽  
Leonid Nikolaevich Skipin ◽  
Svetlana Sergeevna Tarasova ◽  
Vasilyа Zinnurovna Burlaenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Effective Activity

The current pace of construction leads to the use of large volumes of construction raw materials, which must meet the regulatory indicators, including radiation. High levels of natural radionuclide activity, both in construction and finishing materials, affect changes in the gamma radiation indicators in the premises, which can negatively affect the health of people living in such facilities. Ecological and radiation assessment of building materials for the content of natural radionuclides showed an increased natural activity of potassium-40. The maximum activity values were observed in samples of bricks and expanded clay, where they were 799,0 and 622,0 Bq/kg, respectively. The lowest specific activity of natural potassium was observed in the crushed stone sample (21,3 Bq/kg). The specific activity of thorium-232 in building materials ranged from 2,1 to 53,3 Bq/kg. The activity of radium-226 in all the studied samples ranged from 4,4 Bq/kg (crushed stone) to 55,6 Bq/kg (cement). The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the studied building materials does not exceed the standard values (370 Bq/kg), therefore, they can be used in all types of construction and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Soil concrete based on waste of heat power engineering and siftings of rock grinding

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 05015
Author(s):  
Natalia Konovalova ◽  
Elena Rush ◽  
Dmitry Bespolitov ◽  
Pavel Pankov
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Heat Power ◽  
X Ray

The possibility of recycling large-tonnage waste of heat power engineer-ing and mining industry in road construction is shown. Compositions of road-building materials were researched, containing siftings of rock grinding, fly ash, Portland cement, modified with a stabilizing additive of polymeric nature. X-ray phase analysis showed availability of quartz in fly ash, calcite, feldspars, goethite and X-ray amorphous phase, what is consistent with the data of infrared spectroscopy. By atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma it was revealed that fly ash is latent-active and can be disposed in compositions in the presence of a stabilizing additive. The X-ray phase analysis of grinding siftings showed that it contains quartz, feldspars, chlorite, calcite and dolomite. The specific activity of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40К) of fly ash and grinding siftings was 248 and 110 Bq/kg, which allows using such waste in construction without restrictions. It was revealed that the initial mineral raw materials belong to multiphase polymineral systems; therefore, when modifying them with stabilizing additives, binding of finely divided particles should be taken into account. It was revealed that the optimal content of Portland cement and fly ash in samples is 8 and 10 wt.%. It was found that an increase in the mass fraction of fly ash in the composition of soil-concrete up to 30 wt.% leads to softening of the samples and a decrease in their strength characteristics.

EFFECTIVE INDOOR DOSE OF GAMMA RADIATION FROM BUILDING MATERIALS: COMPARISON OF SEVERAL METHODS FOR ESTIMATION AND POSSIBLE UNDERESTIMATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-458
Author(s):  
M Krmar ◽  
K Milić ◽  
I Arsenić ◽  
J Hansman
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Elevated Content ◽  
Restricted Use ◽  
Thick Layers

Abstract This paper compares several methods for estimation of the effective indoor dose of gamma radiation from building materials. It was found that specific dose ratios proposed for 3 cm thick layers in one recommendation gives 2.8 times lower value of gamma dose than other methods. The most common case is that granite has an elevated content of natural radionuclides and it is usually used in the form of decorative layers. If the decision about restricted or non-restricted use of granite as a building material is based on method which underestimate gamma dose, there is reasonable concern that materials having elevated concentrations of natural radionuclides than allowed will be used in dwellings. In addition, it is pointed out that existing regulations allow in some cases non-restricted use of building materials even in the case when their activity concentrations exceed exception limits.

The Raw Building Materials’ Research Quantitative Characteristics Radioactivity in Volgograd Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
Ilya P. Mikhnev ◽  
Svetlana V. Mikhneva ◽  
Natalia A. Salnikova ◽  
Lev B. Lempert
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Network Training ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Specific Activities

The paper attempts to structure the raw materials for radioactivity using Kohonen self-organizing maps. The analysis was carried out on the data on the specific activities of natural radionuclides in the construction raw materials in the Volgograd region, as well as on the natural radionuclides specific effective activities calculated values. Unlike the traditional methods of analysis, the used methodology for assessing radioactivity is based on quantitative characteristics. As a result of the network training on data on the raw materials specific activities, a cluster map with segmentation by the natural radionuclides effective specific activity has been obtained. Based on the results obtained, the conclusions about the possibility and feasibility of using the algorithm used for the classification and analysis of data on the building materials radioactivity have been made.

The Development of Non Destructive Remote Measurement Method of Concrete Contamination

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Stepanov ◽  
V. N. Potapov ◽  
O. P. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive

In the frame of the decommissioning of nuclear power plants or laboratories, the penetration depth of the contamination in concrete surfaces: walls, floor, is unknown. Its knowledge requires sample analysis, that is time consuming and expensive. The main goal of the work is to define and evaluate a non-destructive measurement technique for the evaluation of the contamination depth in concrete. Estimation of accuracy of measurements for different contamination levels, time of measurement, value of natural radionuclides (NRN) concentration in concrete and background radiation dose were carried out. The type of relevant detector depends of selected limiting sensitivity, the weight and sizes of the device.

Effect of Thermal Treatment of Building Materials on Natural Radionuclides Effective Specific Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya P. Mikhnev ◽  
N.A. Salnikova ◽  
S. V. Mikhneva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Technological Production

The influence of heat treatment (burning) of building materials on the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides was investigated. Analysis and processing of the obtained results allowed to obtain a consistent pattern of this process for each material. It has been established that the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides decreases along with growth of temperature of building rocks treatment. The results showed that it is possible to reduce the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides managing technological production modes and, consequently, to reduce the radiation doses of the population from these materials.

Non-destructive measurements of natural radionuclides in building materials for radon entry rate assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilia Yarmoshenko ◽  
Aleksey Vasilyev ◽  
Aleksey Ekidin ◽  
Maria Pyshkina ◽  
Georgy Malinovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Non Destructive

MONITORING OF RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Sidelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Volgograd Region

Human economic activity leads to a significant redistribution of natural radionuclides in the environ-ment. Radiation background in buildings is considered as one of the main types of radiation exposure on the population, since a person spends most of his time indoors. Currently, with the adoption of federal laws: “On the radiation safety of the population” No. 3-FZ 09.01.1996, “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population” No. 52-FZ 30.03.1999, and also on the “Radiation Safety Standards "(NRB-99/2009)," Basic Sanitary Rules for Ensuring Radiation Safety "(OSPORB-99/2009), approaches to the organization of radiation control in the construction industry and, consequently, to the organization of radiation safety con-trol of the population, have changed in many ways. The article deals with the problems of ensuring radiation and environmental safety in the construction of buildings.The need for research on the radiation-ecological characteristics of buildings is shown. An important problem for the construction industry is the radiation and hygienic support of technological processes and construction. In many ways, the solution of the problems related to improving of the radiation safety of building complexes depends on the implementation of legisla-tion connected with population restrictions from exposure of natural radionuclides. The results of large-scale studies of the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides in building materials and industrial waste produced and used in the Volgograd region are presented in this article. It has been established that con-struction materials produced in the Volgograd region, in accordance with national legislative and regulatory requirements, belong to class 1 and can be used for the construction of residential and public buildings. There have been presented the results of the survey on the radon content in the air of residential buildings from various building materials, as well as the density of radon fluxes from the soil. Radiation monitoring of construction sites is necessa ensure the radiation safety of the population.

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