scholarly journals jALT2012 Plenary Speaker article: The role of metaphor and metonymy in EFL proficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Littlemore

I report the findings from a Cambridge ESOL-funded research project (Cambridge ESOL Funded Research Programme Project number 17092010), which investigated how an ability to use metaphor and metonymy contributes to successful performance in the written component of Cambridge ESOL examinations. Learners are significantly more likely to do unusual things with metaphor at the First Certificate level. They do this in response to the very particular requirements of the examination. For these reasons, I argue that, at FCE level, it is important to adapt a tolerant attitude towards uses of language that some may refer to as ‘creative’ but which others might simply describe as ‘wrong’. I also outline the different things that learners need to do with metaphor and metonymy at each level, illustrating my points with short examples taken from essays written by students who have been successful in their examinations. メタファー(隠喩)とメトニミー(換喩)を使いこなす能力と、Cambridge ESOLのライティング試験における成績との関連性について、Cambridge ESOLが資金提供する調査プロジェクト結果を報告する。First Certificate(FCE)レベルでは、学習者がメタファーを使って独特の表現をする傾向がはっきりと見られるが、この傾向があるのは、かなり特定の試験課題に対してである。したがって、FCEレベルでは、「独創的」あるいは単なる「間違い」と意見が分かれ得る言語使用に対して、寛容な態度を持つことが重要であることを論じる。また、学習者それぞれのレベルに応じたメタファーやメトニミーの様々な扱い方について概説し、試験で好成績を収めている学生の書いたエッセイから短い例を引用して、重要と思われる点を述べる。

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Davis

This article brings together recommendations arising from a three-year EU-funded research project entitled ‘Racial and ethnic minorities, immigration and the role of trade unions in combating discrimination and xenophobia, in encouraging participation and in securing social inclusion and citizenship (RITU)’. The guidelines resulting from the project and entitled Working Against Racism were finalised at a concluding conference in Paris in October 2006 and have been amended in the light of the discussions that took place there. The guidelines were also discussed by the ETUC Migration and Inclusion Working Group which suggested amendments.


Author(s):  
Brett Mills

AbstractThe three-year (2012–2015) AHRC-funded research project Make Me Laugh: Creativity in the British Television Comedy Industry worked with writers, producers, directors and other industry personnel to map the productions they work on and follow their labor as they move from one job to another and strive to maintain a career. This article draws on interview material from this project to investigate the ways in which comedy workers negotiate the maintenance of their creativity within economic, cultural and industrial contexts such as policy, funding, and the whims of broadcasters and production companies. It argues that while such contexts are evident for all cultural production, there are specifics of the comedy sector because of humor’s relationships with the social role of broadcasting. It therefore highlights the specificity of comic creative labor, contributing to ongoing Humor Studies debates focused on the particularities of comedy as a category.


2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S248) ◽  
pp. 529-530
Author(s):  
L. Lindegren ◽  
A. Bijaoui ◽  
A. G. A. Brown ◽  
R. Drimmel ◽  
L. Eyer ◽  
...  

AbstractELSA (European Leadership in Space Astrometry) is an EU-funded research project 2006–2010, contributing to the scientific preparations for the Gaia mission while training young researchers in space astrometry and related subjects. Nine postgraduate (PhD) students and five postdocs have been recruited to the network. Their research focuses on the principles of global astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopic measurements from space, instrument modelling and calibration, and numerical analysis tools and data processing methods relevant for Gaia.


Author(s):  
Patricia Leavy

In this essay I review the research-informed short film Rufus Stone. Rufus Stone is the result of a 3-year funded research project led by Kip Jones. The film tells the story of a young man in rural England who, while developing an attraction to another young man, is viciously outed by small-minded village people. He flees to London and returns home 50 years later and is forced confront the people from his past and larger issues of identity and time. This essay considers Rufus Stone as both a film and as a work of arts-based research. I suggest Rufus Stone is not only a terrific film but it also represents the best of arts-based research and public scholarship more broadly.


2020 ◽  
pp. 003452372093732
Author(s):  
Sandra Styres ◽  
Dawn Zinga ◽  
Velta Douglas ◽  
Fiona Purton

Using a Community-First Land-Centered Framework this article reflects on an analysis of the research findings of a SSHRC funded research project. The project examined the ways two universities were interpreting and taking up the TRC report and its 94 Calls to Action. This is a crucial time in Canada’s relationship with Indigenous Peoples and the results of this research demonstrate that reconciliation remains a complex and challenging endeavour that has no quick fixes and further, that universities play a key role making the meaningful changes that are urgently needed to to make higher education welcoming and supportive for Indigenous Peoples.


Author(s):  
Frithjof Dau

The EU-funded research project CUBIST investigates how Formal Concept Analysis can be applied as a Visual Analytics tool on top of information stored in a Triple Store (TS). This paper provides first steps for utilizing SPARQL in order to generate formal contexts out of the data in the TS, where the emphasis is put on using object-properties between individuals. Thus it complements FcaBedrock, which will be used in CUBIST as well and focuses on the scaling of datatype-properties between individuals and literals. It is discussed how the approaches of this paper and FcaBedrock can be combined.


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