Reforming Ukrainian educational system in the context of leading tendencies in European educational space development points to the importance of studying advanced ideas of future psychologists science preparation in higher education institutions in the developed countries. Comparison and analysis of foreign and national pedagogical experience in implementation of science education of future psychologists will contribute to solving the problems of its modernization in national higher education institutions. According to the above tasks, we held a comparative analysis of science preparation of future psychologists in leading institutions of higher education in Spain and Ukraine and pointed out its features. It is noted that the representative differences of science education in Spain from such in Ukraine is its professional orientation, integrity and significant advantage in the amount of credit and content filling. With the help of theoretical, empirical and statistical methods, recommendations on modernization of future psychologists science preparation in national higher education institutions were developed, according to which modernization of science preparation of future psychologists in national higher education institutions is expedient in the direction of: increasing the number of science disciplines, science preparation and hours / credits for their study, realization of the process of science preparation integration in the content of professional oriented disciplines, implementation of innovative teaching methods, leading scientific theories and studying the best practices of developed countries (holding international symposia, conferences, training, etc.). Presented research provides basis for scientific development of pedagogical conditions for realization in national higher education institutions, implementation of identified leading ideas of science education in Spain, and suggests the necessity to find ways to apply the proposed recommendations regarding the modernization of the science education of future psychologists.