scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Atherosclerotic Disease in the Carotid and Femoral Arteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Hurst ◽  
Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Luminal Calcium ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Histological Staining

K Hurst1, R Choudhury2, A Handa1 1. Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford 2. Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Introduction The outcomes for patients with PAOD have remained unchanged for over 25 years, whereas primary prevention has made a marked difference to the incidence of stroke and MI. Why is treatment more effective for certain types of atherosclerotic plaques than others? Why do certain patients experience a stroke but never an amputation? Methods The study aims to use in vivo and ex vivo analysis of carotid and femoral atherosclerotic plaque from patients enrolled in the OxPVD study. Each participant will undergo pre-operative in vivo carotid and femoral vessel (ipsilateral) imaging using T1/T2 weighted MRI; inclusive of plaque, and ex vivo plaque analysis using micro CT, micro MRI and histological staining. Comparative analysis of the carotid versus femoral plaques will be completed using above techniques.    Results Primary results from this study have shown that novel MRI DANTE sequences can successfully characterise femoral atherosclerotic plaque in vivo. Using micro CT and mass spectrometry techniques from micro MRI, we have further quantified the differences in composition of carotid and femoral disease. Finally, histological staining has implied that the disease processes behind femoral and carotid atherosclerosis may be different; with carotid narrowing by fat infiltration and statistically significant reduction in nuclei, compared to femoral plaque showing intra luminal calcium deposition without intimal destruction.  Conclusion These preliminary results are beginning to highlight the key compositional differences between carotid and femoral atherosclerosis, and with these results it may be possible to trial different therapeutic targets, particularly in the context of PAOD.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Attenuates Phosphate-Induced Vascular Calcification

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Joo Park ◽  
Yeon Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Jae Joon Hwang ◽  
Hyung Joon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Gastrin Releasing Peptide ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Grp Receptor

Vascular calcification is the pathological deposition of calcium/phosphate in the vascular system and is closely associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Here, we investigated the role of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in phosphate-induced vascular calcification and its potential regulatory mechanism. We found that the silencing of GRP gene and treatment with the GRP receptor antagonist, RC-3095, attenuated the inorganic phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This attenuation was caused by inhibiting phenotype change, apoptosis and matrix vesicle release in VSMCs. Moreover, the treatment with RC-3095 effectively ameliorated phosphate-induced calcium deposition in rat aortas ex vivo and aortas of chronic kidney disease in mice in vivo. Therefore, the regulation of the GRP-GRP receptor axis may be a potential strategy for treatment of diseases associated with excessive vascular calcification.

SU-GG-J-05: A Comparative Analysis of in Vivo and Ex Vivo Prostate Volumes Using CT and Ultrasound Imaging

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (6Part5) ◽  
pp. 2679-2679
Author(s):  
T Liu ◽  
X Li ◽  
J Zhou ◽  
W Vance ◽  
M Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Ex Vivo

scholarly journals Multimodality Approach to Characterizing the Distinctive Hallmarks of Lung Fibrosis: A Mouse Model with Bleomycin and Indocyanine Green

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Grandi ◽  
Erica Ferrini ◽  
Roberta Ciccimarra ◽  
Martina Mambrini ◽  
Laura Mecozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Oropharyngeal Aspiration ◽  
Multimodality Approach

Abstract Background.Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis is a progressive disease with short life expectancy and no disease-modifying pharmacological therapy. The continuous refinement of animal models and the integration of in-vivo imaging techniques is fundamental for the selection of new antifibrotic drugs.Indocyanine Green (ICG), a fluorescent dye, was administered by oropharyngeal aspiration (OA) to mice with Bleomycin (BLM) to map the lung exposure.Methods.Female mice C57bl/6 were treated via OA with BLM+ICG or ICG. Animals were imaged at 7, 14 and 21 days either with the fluorescent system or Micro-CT. At each time point subsets of mice were sampled for ex-vivo assessment. Histological assessment of fibrosis by Ashcroft score, airspace enlargements and mean linear intercept (MLI) were evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days. Leukocytes and cytokines were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Results.Fluorescence imaging revealed a persistent lung signal in both groups until 21 days. In BLM+ICG group, Micro-CT detected a marked increase in hypo- and non-aerated tissues throughout the study. At later time points hyper-inflated tissue was detected. Histology revealed high Ashcroft score throughout the time-course with a prominent increase in airspace size and MLI at day 21. ICG mice had healthy lungs.Conclusions.We showed that ICG can be used as a tracer to map the distribution of BLM in lungs. However, BLM+ICG produced unexpected severe lung changes different from pure BLM model, such as emphysema-like features which progressively worsened. The multimodalities approach warranted characterization of the distinctive features of this new pulmonary fibrosis model and provided fundamentals for in-vivo translation.

Abstract 1143: Imaging of Vasa Vasorum in Atherosclerotic Plaque with 99m Tc-labeled single chain-VEGF

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Ohshima ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimoto ◽  
Sotirios Tsimikas ◽  
Frank D Kolodgie ◽  
Renu Virmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Single Chain

Introduction: Adventitial vasa vasorum proliferation and neointimal neovascularization are associated with intraplaque hemorrhage, expansion of necrotic core and hence plaque vulnerability. Increased expression of VEGF and its receptors accompany neoangiogenic process. We used 99m Tc -labeled single chain VEGF (TcV) for developing potentially noninvasive imaging modality in experimentally induced aortic atherosclerotic lesion. Methods : Noninva-sive radionuclide imaging was performed with TcV (6.85 ±0. 27 mCi) in 6 NZW rabbits receiving high cholesterol diet (0.2% cholesterol, 4% fat) for one year and compared with 3 control rabbits receiving normal rabbit chow. Four hours after intravenous administration of TcV, micro SPECT/microCT imaging was performed for in vivo localization of tracer activity. Aortas were then explanted, and gamma counted for determination of % injected dose per gram (%ID/g). The aortas were then submitted for histopathologic characterization. Results : The uptake in thoracic aorta was clearly visualized non-invasively by TcV in vivo imaging in 4 of 5 rabbits in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, but not in the control animals. The %ID/g of each parts of aorta in hypercholesterolemic rabbits (Arch : 0.036 ± 0.020 %, Thoracic : 0.026 ± 0.012 %, Abd : 0.019 ± 0.009 %) was about 2.5-fold higher than that in control group (Arch : 0.014 ± 0.004 %, Thoracic : 0.009 ± 0.003 %, Abd : 0.009 ± 0.003 %) (figure a ). Ex vivo images of each group are shown as figure b . Conclusions : This preliminary study suggests a potentially novel strategy for non-invasive imaging of neoangiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque and may allow identification of unstable plaques.

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