Das „in seine besonderen Kreise gegliederte Ganze“

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
Christiane Bender
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Ludwig Van Beethoven ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
250Th Anniversary ◽  
Early Contribution ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Philosophy Of Right ◽  
Friedrich Hölderlin ◽  
The French Revolution

2020 was the year of the 250th anniversary of G. W. F. Hegel, his friend Friedrich Hölderlin and Ludwig van Beethoven. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, there were not many options to commemorate publicly their outstanding legacy. We should rectify this as soon as possible! The French Revolution was the significant historical event of this generation, and Hegel, Hölderlin and Beethoven kept true to the idea of liberty lifelong. In an early contribution Joachim Ritter underlined the importance of the French Revolution for the elaboration of Hegel’s philosophy. As „a philosopher of liberty“ Hegel is described by Klaus Vieweg in his new biography. Is this also true for Hegel’s „Elements of the Philosophy of Right” and his understanding of state and society? What does his notion of liberty mean in this context? Can we learn from Hegel’s argumentation regarding problems we face today in our society? It will be the aim of this article to give some answers to these questions.

From phlogiston to caloric and oxygen

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-340
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
250Th Anniversary ◽  
Chemical Revolution ◽  
Historical Biography ◽  
Experimental Scientist ◽  
The French Revolution

Arthur Donovan, Antoine Lavoisier: Science, Administration, and Revolution. Blackwell, Oxford, 1993. Pp. xv+351. £35.00. ISBN 0-631-178877-2 Arthur Donovan marks the 250th anniversary of the birth of Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794) with a historical biography for readers who are already acquainted with the technical and scientific aspects of the Chemical Revolution and wish to know more of Lavoisier’s principal career as an administrator and financier in the terminal decades of the ancien régime and the opening years of the French Revolution. Although Lavoisier was a driven experimental scientist from his early days, and soon became wealthy enough to run a well-equipped laboratory with assistants, he was far too busy with technocratic administration to carry out much practical chemistry. His primary scientific strength lay in a critical assessment of the promise offered by new experimental results, discovered by other chemists, for some alternative to prevailing chemical ideas, which he had come to regard in youth as inadequate and flawed from a wide knowledge of the state of the art and a judicious repetition of previous experiments.

Situating the Reign of Terror in the History of Modern Terrorism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronen Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Reign Of Terror ◽  
The French Revolution

The historiography of terrorism attributes a foundational place to the Reign of Terror, yet the Reign of Terror was very different from anything associated with terrorism today. This chapter aims at placing the Reign of Terror in the history of modern terrorism. It discusses the multiple meanings of terror during the revolutionary era, when it was seen simultaneously as an emotional experience, a historical event, and a political concept. It also examines the practices of political violence during the French Revolution, showing that they were less repressive and more chaotic than is often assumed. The chapter argues that the Reign of Terror invites us to question the definitions and broaden the categories of analysis that currently dominate the historiography of terrorism.

Kant with Sade with Hegel

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Oxana Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Death Of God ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Philosophy Of Right ◽  
The Voice ◽  
The French Revolution

The chapter approaches Hegel’s idea of reconciliation with reality, focusing on the figure of enjoyment presented in the Preface to the Elements of the Philosophy of Right and the voice of reason as the source of an insight that elevates reason to the peak of enjoyment. The voice is theorized as what connects Hegel’s imperative of the enjoyment of reason with two other imperatives—the Kantian imperative of reason and the Sadean imperative of enjoyment. Hegel’s absolute freedom is interpreted as the form of consciousness where the opposites of Kant and Sade, i.e., moral and immoral, reason and enjoyment, intertwine. From this perspective, Hegel’s philosophy of the French Revolution and the revolutionary terror is considered as a turning point between the solitude of consciousness and the ethical community, or the “we” that creates a utopian horizon within the post-apocalyptic political-theological situation of the death of God and the end of the world.

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