e24146 Background: Lack of effective end-of-life symptom control among late-stage cancer patients is a Tanzanian public health priority, calling for innovative community-based solutions. Mobile health technology holds promise; however, existing resources are limited and access to palliative care specialists is poor. This work aimed to develop a secure mobile-/web-based symptom assessment/control communication system (m-Palliative Care Link; mPCL) that extends access to a limited number of palliative care specialists (hereafter, specialists). mPCL is based on the existing patient-focused African Palliative care Outcome Scale (POS), adapted for mobile symptom assessment, and is designed to support end-of-life care coordination among specialists, patients/caregivers, and local health workers (LHWs) (i.e., user groups). Methods: In partnership with Tanzanian specialists, mPCL was developed following a user-centered design process. mPCL prototype usability testing was conducted with 5-7 participants per user group and included a combination of hands-on observations as well as collection of feedback on ease-of-use and recommendations for modifications. User input was incorporated into the mPCL prototype iteration, tested via field study with 45 late-stage cancer patients discharged from Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es Salaam. A brief mPCL usability/utility survey, including closed- and open-ended survey items, was conducted with field study participants from user groups at six weeks. Results: Prototype usability test participants successfully used the application and indicated that it would be very helpful. Recommendations from usability testing included redesign data collection tools, simplify patient/caregiver application, and broaden clinical data access. Six-week field study survey data showed that a significant majority (range: 68-100%) of specialists and patients “definitely agreed” that mPCL improved patient-provider communication, symptom-based care, care access, both quality of life and care, and reduced need for travel. Nearly all specialists and patients (93% and 98%, respectively) reported that mPCL was easy to use. Conclusions: mPCL promises to assess and address the symptom-control needs of late-stage cancer patients. Due to its reliance on existing technology/personnel, mPCL should be sustainable and scalable among cancer patients and those with other chronic diseases in low resource settings.
Palliative Care for the Late-Stage Cancer Patient During the COVID-19 Era: A Report of the Challenges
