Long-Term Outcome of Early-Stage Rectal Cancer Undergoing Standard Resection and Local Excision

PURPOSE To assess the effect of more extensive radiotherapy and of adjuvant combination chemotherapy on long-term outcome of early-stage Hodgkin's disease. METHODS In a collaborative worldwide systematic overview, individual patient data were centrally reviewed on 1,974 patients in eight randomized trials of more versus less extensive radiotherapy and on 1,688 patients in 13 trials of radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. Crude mortality data on 226 patients in two other trials of chemotherapy were also reviewed. RESULTS More extensive radiotherapy reduced the risk of treatment failure (resistant or recurrent disease) at 10 years by more than one third (31.3% v 43.4% failures; P < .00001), but there was no apparent improvement in overall 10-year survival (77.1 % v 77.0% alive). The addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy halved the 10-year risk of failure (15.8% v 32.7%; P < .00001), with a small, nonsignificant improvement in survival (79.4% v 76.5% alive). This involved a reduction of borderline significance for deaths from Hodgkin's disease (12.3% v 15.4% dead at 10 years; P = .07), which was partly counterbalanced by a nonsignificant excess of deaths from other causes (12.4% v 10.0% 10-year risk). CONCLUSION More extensive radiotherapy fields or the addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy in the initial treatment of early-stage Hodgkin's disease had a large effect on disease control, but only a small effect on overall survival. Recurrences could be prevented by more extensive radiotherapy or by additional chemotherapy. However, if chemotherapy had not been given initially, recurrences were generally salvageable by re-treatment with chemotherapy. Hence, less intensive primary treatment--particularly a reduction in radiotherapy fields--appears to achieve similar survival rates as more intensive treatment, although more randomized evidence is needed to confirm this.

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Involved node radiation therapy in the combined modality treatment for early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma: Analysis of relapse location and long-term outcome

Radiotherapy and Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.radonc.2020.06.046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 ◽

pp. 236-244

Author(s):

Karin Nielsen ◽

Maja Vestmoe Maraldo ◽

Anne Kiil Berthelsen ◽

Annika Loft ◽

Peter de Nully Brown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Early Stage ◽

Combined Modality Treatment ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Combined Modality

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Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10030389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 389 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Akira Hara ◽

Masayuki Niwa ◽

Kei Noguchi ◽

Tomohiro Kanayama ◽

Ayumi Niwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Tumor Formation ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Galectin 3 ◽

Binding Lectin

Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin which is important in numerous biological activities in various organs, including cell proliferation, apoptotic regulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and host defense. Galectin-3 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and expressed on the cell surface, and then often secreted into biological fluids, like serum and urine. It is also released from injured cells and inflammatory cells under various pathological conditions. Many studies have revealed that galectin-3 plays an important role as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for certain types of heart disease, kidney disease, viral infection, autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and tumor formation. In particular, it has been recognized that galectin-3 is extremely useful for detecting many of these diseases in their early stages. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the recent literature focusing on the biomarker characteristics and long-term outcome predictions of galectin-3, in not only patients with various types of diseases, but associated animal models.

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