Witchfinder General

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
English Civil War ◽  
Horror Film ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Witchfinder General (1968), known as The Conqueror Worm in America, was directed by Michael Reeves and occupies a unique place in British cinema. Equally praised and vilified, the film fictionalizes the exploits of Matthew Hopkins, a prolific, real-life ‘witch hunter’, during the English Civil War. For critic Mark Kermode, the release proved to be ‘the single most significant horror film produced in the United Kingdom in the 1960s’, while playwright Alan Bennett called the work ‘the most persistently sadistic and rotten film I've ever seen’. Steadily gaining a cult reputation, unimpeded by the director's death just months after the film's release, the film is now treated as a landmark, though problematic, accomplishment, as it exists in a number of recut, retitled, and rescored versions. This in-depth study positions the film within the history of horror and discusses its importance as a British and heritage film. It also considers the inheritance of Hopkins, the script's relationship to the novel by Ronald Bassett, and the iconic persona of the film's star, Vincent Price. The author conducts close textual readings of specific scenes and explores the film's various contexts, from the creation of the X certificate and the tradition of Hammer gothic, to the influence on Ken Russell's The Devils (1971) and the ‘torture porn’ of twenty-first-century horror.

Hammer and British Cinema

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Victoria Grace Walden
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Cinema ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
The Press ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between Hammer Films and British cinema. The history of British cinema has been characterised by a strong dedication to realism, in its many forms. From the documentaries of the 1930s with a focus on social responsibility to the gritty kitchen sink dramas of the 1960s, and even the naturalistic aesthetic of television police dramas, the British moving-image industries have a strong heritage of realism. If this is the case, Hammer horror, despite its international fame as a specifically British brand of filmmaking, does not seem characteristic of British national cinema at all. On one hand, Hammer's horrors are clearly fantastical; on the other hand, they amalgamate infrequent and abrupt moments of gore with a 'neat unpretentious realism'. Moreover, the films were lambasted in the press for not exhibiting 'good taste' or restraint. The chapter then assesses to what extent Hammer horror can be understood as British.

Us Extraterritorial Jurisdiction: The Helms-burton and D'Amato Acts

1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughan Lowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competition Laws ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction ◽  
National Governments

The history of clashes over extraterritorial jurisdiction between the United States of America and other States in the Americas, Europe and elsewhere is a long one. That history is commonly traced back to the antitrust claims arising from the Alcoa case in 1945, in which the “effects” doctrine was advanced in the peculiar and objectionable form in which it is applied, not simply to acts which constitute elements of a single offence but which occur in different jurisdictions but, rather, to the economic repercussions of acts in one State which are felt in another. The conflict persisted into the 1950s, with the clashes over US regulation of the international shipping and paper industries. In the 1960s and 1970s there were further clashes in relation to the extraterritorial application of US competition laws, notably in disputes over shipping regulation and the notorious Uranium Antitrust litigation, in which US laws were applied to penalise the extraterritorial conduct of non-US companies, conducted with the approval of their national governments, at a time when those companies were barred by US law from trading in the United States. It was that litigation which was in large measure responsible for the adoption in the United Kingdom of the Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980, which significantly extended the powers which the British government had asserted in the 1952 Shipping Contracts and Commercial Documents Act to defend British interests against US extraterritorial claims.

Teaching the Novel in the Audio Age

PMLA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
James F. English
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Adult Readers ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Steep Decline

According to Practically Every Metric of the Publishing Industry, Audiobooks are Winning the Format Wars. The Codex continues its twenty-first-century struggle to maintain market share, and the e-book has plunged into a steep decline, but the audiobook goes from strength to strength. Sales in the United States are up threefold in the last decade and more than fifty percent just in the last two years (“New Survey”; Watson). In the United Kingdom, unit sales have doubled and revenues tripled since 2014 (“Michelle Obama”). Roughly a quarter of adults in the United States, and half of all adult readers, now listen to at least one audiobook a year. To service this swelling customer base, the industry is producing over five thousand new full-length recordings every month, ten times as many as a decade ago. Audible's studio division has become the largest employer of actors in the New York City area (Kozlowski).

The Great War, Independence, and Latvian Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4 (463)) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Benedikts Kalnačs
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Great War ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Nation States ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Written Sources

The article focuses on the representation of the year 1918 in Latvian literature. On November 18, the independent Republic of Latvia was proclaimed, and in the years to come international recognition of the state’s sovereignty followed. In retrospect, this event stimulated a number of salutary descriptions and interpretations and certainly provides a milestone in the history of the Latvian nation. It is, however, also important to discuss the proclamation of independence in the context of the Great War that brought a lot of suffering to the inhabitants of Latvia. Therefore, a critical evaluation of the events preceding the year 1918 is certainly worthy of discussion. The article first sketches the historical and geopolitical contexts of the period immediately before and during the Great War as well as the changed situation in its aftermath. This introduction is followed by a discussion of the novel 18 (2014) by the contemporary Latvian author Pauls Bankovskis (b. 1973) that provides a critical retrospective of the events leading to the proclamation of the nation state from a twenty-first century perspective. Bankovskis employs an intertextual approach, engaging with a number of earlier publications dealing with the same topic. Among the authors included are Anna Brigadere, Aleksandrs Grīns, Sergejs Staprāns, Mariss Vētra, and others. The paper contextualizes the contribution of these writers within the larger historical picture of the Great War and the formation of the nation states and speculates on the contemporary relevance of the representation of direct experience, and the use of written sources related to these events.

scholarly journals Translation and the British Colonial Mission: The Career of Samuel Turner Fearon and the Establishment of Chinese Studies at King's College, London

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
UGANDA SZE PUI KWAN
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
King's College ◽  
Chinese Studies ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The University

AbstractThe University of London was the first institution in the United Kingdom to establish a professorship in Chinese. Within a decade of the first half of the nineteenth century, two professorships in Chinese were created at its two colleges: the first at University College in 1837 and the second at King's College in 1847. Previous studies of British sinology have devoted sufficient attention to the establishment of the programme and the first Chinese professorship. However, despite the latter professorship being established by the same patron (Sir George Thomas Staunton; 1781–1859) during the same era as the former, the institutionalisation of the Chinese programme at King's College London seems to have been completely overlooked. If we consider British colonial policy and the mission of the Empire in the early nineteenth century, we are able to understand the strategic purpose served by the Chinese studies programme at King's and the special reason for its establishment at a crucial moment in the history of Sino-British relations. Examining it from this perspective, we reveal unresolved doubts concerning the selection and appointment of King's first Chinese professor. Unlike other inaugural Chinese professors appointed during the nineteenth century at other universities in the United Kingdom, the first Chinese professor at King’s, Samuel Turner Fearon (1819–1854), was not a sinophile. He did not translate any Chinese classics or other works. His inaugural lecture has not even survived. This is why sinologists have failed to conduct an in-depth study on Fearon and the genealogy of the Chinese programme at King’s. Nevertheless, Samuel Fearon did indeed play a very significant role in Sino-British relations due to his ability as an interpreter and his knowledge of China. He was not only an interpreter in the first Opium War (1839–1842) but was also a colonial civil servant and senior government official in British Hong Kong when the colonial government started to take shape after the war. This paper both re-examines his contribution during this “period of conflict and difficulty” in Sino-British relations and demonstrates the very nature of British sinology.

scholarly journals A Brief History of Social Movements in North America

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
CASIS
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
First Century ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The purpose of this analysis is to differentiate social movements. In this instance, we will be using the hippie/counterculture movements during the 1960s and 1970s in Canada, and those that are occurring in the second decade of the twenty-first century. In particular, this analysis distinguishes right-wing extremist movements in 2016 from groups like the Hippie Movement and the Black Panther Party Movement. Specific reference will be made to contrast the social movements of the twenty-first century that are non-political in nature but are identity-based, versus movements during the 60s and 70s that were political by design and intent. Due to the non-political nature of twenty-first century Violent Transnational Social Movements, they might be characterized as fifth generation warfare, which we identify as identity-based social movements in violent conflict with other identity based social movements, this violence may be soft or hard. ‘Soft violence damages the fabric of relationships between communities as entrenches or highlights the superiority of one group over another without kinetic impact. Soft violence is harmful activities to others which stops short of physical violence’. (Kelshall, 2019) Hard violence is then recognized as when soft violence tactics result in physical violence. Insurgencies are groups that challenge and/or resist the authority of the state. There are different levels of insurgencies; and on the extreme end, there is the resistance of systemic authority.

Marriage and Dowry

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Cowan
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Roles ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Sciences Sociales

The history of marriage is inseparable from the history of the family as an institution and from the history of the female experience. Thematically, it falls into four linked categories, the making of marriages, the ceremonies surrounding marriage (Marriage Rituals), which were both religious and secular and could span lengthy periods of time, the functioning of marriage within the couple, and the social and economic roles of widows and widowers. Dowries, the sums of money and material goods which were normally transferred to the husband or his family at the time of getting married but later returned to widows, played a central role in all four of these categories. Interest in these issues first emerged in the 1960s and found a place among the historians linked to the journals Annales: Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations in France (see Annales: Histoire, Sciences sociales, cited under Journals), Quaderni Storici in Italy (also cited under Journals), and the Cambridge Group for the Study of Population and Social Structure in the United Kingdom. Multiple studies from all parts of Europe have blossomed as a result.

Hannibal’s Precursors

2013 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Barry Forshaw
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serial Killer ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
Horror Film ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Slasher Film ◽  
Thomas Harris ◽  
Mass Murderer

This chapter discusses the other serial killers in the cinema before Hannibal Lecter. In 1959, the writer Robert Bloch was inspired by the gruesome case of the Wisconsin mass murderer Ed Gein, with his keepsakes of bones and human skin. He transmuted elements of the Gein case into the phenomenally successful Psycho (published 1959), reconfiguring the real-life Gein as the chubby, unprepossessing mother's boy Norman Bates, who dispatches a variety of victims in gruesome fashion. Subsequently, Alfred Hitchcock's adaptation of the novel (1960) laid down the parameters for a variety of genres: the serial killer movie, the slasher film, and the modern big-budget horror film which utilises above-the-title stars rather than the journeyman actors who had populated such fare previously. But above all else, Hitchcock and his talented screenwriter Joseph Stefano created a template for the intelligent, richly developed, and charismatic fictional serial killer in their version of Norman Bates. Hitchcock's film was to influence a generation of film-makers and writers; among them Thomas Harris.

A literature review of the evolution of British prefabricated low-rise housing

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O'Neill ◽  
Samantha Organ
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Research Area ◽  
First Century ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Journal Publication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore academic papers and reports and present a chronology of the evolution of British low-rise prefabricated housing. The paper provides chronological information for construction and surveying researchers undertaking research in associated areas. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative literature review, providing an exploration and analysis of academic papers and reports on low-rise prefabricated housing. Findings – A substantial literature was discovered. However, there are gaps in the available literature. The history of British construction technology is a rich research area but is under-researched. Prefabricated housing has a long history dating back to the eleventh century. Stigmatised from the failures of housing in the twentieth century, it is being increasingly used again in the twenty-first century when considering mass housing supply. Research limitations/implications – This paper provides researchers with an overview of the history of low-rise prefabricated housing in Britain. It is not a comprehensive in-depth study; such would require numerous larger individual studies. Originality/value – From reviewing literature it was evident that there was a broad literature, but there was no single journal publication exploring the evolution of British low-rise prefabricated housing. The research provides an overview, exploration and analysis of the literature while providing a chronology. The evolution of prefabricated housing is chronologically presented. Areas for further research are also recommended.

scholarly journals Representation Analysis of “Great Expectation” Novel by Charles Dickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Luthfiansyah Luthfiansyah ◽  
Mildan Arsdan Fidinillah
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Great Expectation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Queen Victoria

<p>This research examines the novel ‘The Great Expectation’. Researchers are interested in analyzing this novel because it is a picture of real life, especially life in the United Kingdom in the days of Queen Victoria. As a realistic writer, Charles Dickens is through people’s descriptions reflect reality in his life time. This research uses the theory of semiotics which is collaborated with Karl Marx’s theory which reveals class strata. In the science of semiotics, everything, even humans can be made a sign, which can be developed into a myth of life. Seeing from the main actor’s novel, Pip, Everyone still has a lot to learn, such as his kindness, strength, and optimism. Individual growth is the process of growing into a perfect self. Although Pip’s great hopes are disappointing, he finally returns to good moral character, and starts a new life. In addition, this study analyzes the style of the main character Pip which has its own points in interpreting the style of dress. In this novel, researchers want to prove that the style of dress can be a tool to prove the formation of a person’s identity or the identity of a particular group that uses it.</p>

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