scholarly journals An ACA Survey of [C i] 3 P 1−3 P 0, CO J = 4 − 3, and Dust Continuum in Nearby U/LIRGs

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Tomonari Michiyama ◽  
Toshiki Saito ◽  
Ken-ichi Tadaki ◽  
Junko Ueda ◽  
Ming-Yang Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galaxy Mergers ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Submillimeter Galaxies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Compact Array

Abstract We present the results of surveying [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0, 12CO J = 4 − 3, and 630 μm dust continuum emission for 36 nearby ultra/luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) using the Band 8 receiver mounted on the Atacama Compact Array of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We describe the survey, observations, data reduction, and results; the main results are as follows. (i) We confirmed that [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0 has a linear relationship with both the 12CO J = 4 − 3 and 630 μm continuum. (ii) In NGC 6052 and NGC 7679, 12CO J = 4 − 3 was detected but [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0 was not detected with a [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0/12CO J = 4 − 3 ratio of ≲0.08. Two possible scenarios of weak [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0 emission are C0-poor/CO-rich environments and an environment with an extremely large [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0 missing flux. (iii) There is no clear evidence showing that galaxy mergers, AGNs, and dust temperatures control the ratios of [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0/12CO J = 4 − 3 and L [ C I ] ( 1 − 0 ) ′ / L 630 μ m . (iv) We compare our nearby U/LIRGs with high-z galaxies, such as galaxies on the star formation main sequence (MS) at z ∼ 1 and submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z = 2–4. We found that the mean value for the [C i] 3 P 1–3 P 0/12CO J = 4 − 3 ratio of U/LIRGs is similar to that of SMGs but smaller than that of galaxies on the MS.

scholarly journals No signs of star formation being regulated in the most luminous quasars at z ∼ 2 with ALMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 1180-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schulze ◽  
John D Silverman ◽  
Emanuele Daddi ◽  
Wiphu Rujopakarn ◽  
Daizhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stellar Masses

ABSTRACT We present ALMA Band 7 observations at $850\, \mu$m of 20 luminous ($\log \, L_{\rm bol}\,\gt\, 46.9$ [erg s−1]) unobscured quasars at z ∼ 2. We detect continuum emission for 19/20 quasars. After subtracting an AGN contribution, we measure the total far-IR luminosity for 18 quasars, assuming a modified blackbody model, and attribute the emission as indicative of the star formation rate (SFR). Our sample can be characterized with a lognormal SFR distribution having a mean of 140 M⊙ yr−1 and a dispersion of 0.5 dex. Based on an inference of their stellar masses, the SFRs are similar, in both the mean and dispersion, with star-forming main-sequence galaxies at the equivalent epoch. Thus, there is no evidence for a systematic enhancement or suppression (i.e. regulation or quenching) of star formation in the hosts of the most luminous quasars at z ∼ 2. These results are consistent with the Magneticum cosmological simulation, while in disagreement with a widely recognized phenomenological model that predicts higher SFRs than observed here based on the high bolometric luminosities of this sample. Furthermore, there is only a weak relation between SFR and accretion rate on to their supermassive black holes both for average and individual measurements. We interpret these results as indicative of star formation and quasar accretion being fed from the available gas reservoir(s) in their host with a disconnect due to their different physical sizes, temporal scales, and means of gas processing.

scholarly journals Neutral carbon and highly excited CO in a massive star-forming main sequence galaxy at z = 2.2

2019 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. A104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Brisbin ◽  
Manuel Aravena ◽  
Emanuele Daddi ◽  
Helmut Dannerbauer ◽  
Roberto Decarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Submillimeter Galaxies ◽  
Co Emission ◽  
Gas Component

We used the Plateau De Bure Interferometer to observe multiple CO and neutral carbon transitions in a z = 2.2 main sequence disk galaxy, BX610. Our observation of CO(7-6), CO(4-3), and both far-infrared (FIR) [CI] lines complements previous observations of Hα and low-J CO, and reveals a galaxy that is vigorously forming stars with UV fields (Log(GG0−1) ≲ 3.25); although less vigorously than local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies or most starbursting submillimeter galaxies in the early universe. Our observations allow new independent estimates of the cold gas mass which indicate Mgas ∼ 2 × 1011 M⊙, and suggest a modestly larger αCO value of ∼8.2. The corresponding gas depletion timescale is ∼1.5 Gyr. In addition to gas of modest density (Log(n cm3) ≲ 3) heated by star formation, BX610 shows evidence for a significant second gas component responsible for the strong high-J CO emission. This second component might either be a high-density molecular gas component heated by star formation in a typical photodissociation region, or could be molecular gas excited by low-velocity C shocks. The CO(7-6)-to-FIR luminosity ratio we observe is significantly higher than typical star-forming galaxies and suggests that CO(7-6) is not a reliable star-formation tracer in this galaxy.

scholarly journals Molecules as tracers of galaxy evolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S292) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Aalto
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Star Formation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Galaxy Evolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies

AbstractStudying the molecular phase of the interstellar medium in galaxies is fundamental for the understanding of the onset and evolution of star formation and the growth of supermassive black holes. We can use molecules as observational tools exploiting them as tracers of chemical, physical and dynamical conditions. In this short review, key molecules (e.g. HCN, HCO+, HNC, HC3N, CN, H3O+) in identifying the nature of buried activity and its evolution are discussed including some standard astrochemical scenarios. Furthermore, we can use IR excited molecular emission to probe the very inner regions of luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) allowing us to get past the optically thick dust barrier of the compact obscured nuclei, e.g. in the dusty LIRG NGC4418. High resolution studies are often necessary to separate effects of excitation and radiative transport from those of chemistry - one example is absorption and effects of stimulated emission in the ULIRG Arp220. Finally, molecular gas in large scale galactic outflows is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Recent Star Formation in Very Luminous Infrared Galaxies

2001 ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bressan ◽  
Bianca Poggianti ◽  
Alberto Franceschini
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies

scholarly journals Luminous IR Galaxies in a Merger Sequence: Bima Co Imaging

1999 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Y. Gao ◽  
R.A. Gruendl ◽  
C.-Y. Hwang ◽  
K.Y. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Bolometric Luminosity

The power output in luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs, LIR ≳ 1011L⊙, H0 = 75 kms−1 Mpc−1) can approach the bolometric luminosity of quasars and can be provided by either starbursts or dust-enshouded QSOs, or both. Most LIGs appear to comprise of mergers of gas-rich galaxies. So, intense bursts of star formation apparently result from interaction and merging of galaxies, but the exact physical processes involved in collecting the large amount of gas involved and in initiating the starbursts are not well understood.

scholarly journals Star-formation histories of local luminous infrared galaxies

2015 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. A78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Pereira-Santaella ◽  
Almudena Alonso-Herrero ◽  
Luis Colina ◽  
Daniel Miralles-Caballero ◽  
Pablo G. Pérez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Star Formation Histories

scholarly journals Triggered Starbursts in Galaxy Mergers

1999 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Y. Taniguchi ◽  
Y. Shioya ◽  
T. Murayama ◽  
K. Wada
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Supermassive Black Holes ◽  
Galaxy Mergers ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Minor Mergers ◽  
Made In

A unified formation mechanism of nuclear starbursts is presented; all the nuclear starbursts are triggered by binary supermassive black holes made in the final phase of galaxy mergers. Minor mergers cause both nuclear starbursts and hot-spot nuclei while major mergers cause (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies. We discuss the case of Arp 220 in detail.

Massive star formation in local luminous infrared galaxies

2009 ◽  
Vol 324 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Almudena Alonso-Herrero ◽  
Tanio Díaz-Santos ◽  
Macarena García-Marín ◽  
Luis Colina ◽  
Santiago Arribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Massive Star ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Massive Star Formation ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies

scholarly journals A 3D view of galactic winds in luminous infrared galaxies

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (S309) ◽  
pp. 312-312
Author(s):  
P. Martín-Fernández ◽  
J. Jiménez-Vicente ◽  
A. Zurita ◽  
E. Mediavilla ◽  
A. Castillo-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Ionized Gas ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Galactic Winds ◽  
Star Formation Activity ◽  
Galaxy Type ◽  
Multi Phase

AbstractGalactic winds and outflows are an ubiquitous phenomenon in galaxies with active star formation and/or active nuclei. They constitute the main mechanism for redistributing dust and metals on large scales and are therefore a key ingredient to understand the life cycle of galaxies. Among galaxies, ULIRGs are of particular interest in this context, as they host intense starbursts and are likely to be the dominant star formers at z > 1. These objects have been shown to host important winds, but it is not yet known what is the frequency of galactic winds and their properties in galaxies with lower star formation rates (SFR). We are studying galactic winds in a sample of 21 galaxies with different SFRs (including ULIRGs) from observations with the INTEGRAL fiber spectrograph on the 4.2m WHT. In order to be able to address the complex multi–phase nature of the wind phenomenon, we have used the Na I D doublet absorption lines to trace cold gas, and a few emission lines (Hα, [N ii] and [S ii]) to trace the warmer ionized gas of the wind. The distribution and kinematics of both components in these objects is then analysed. Preliminary results show strong spatial correlation between regions with high non–circular velocities, areas with high star formation activity and regions with two different components in the emission lines. This set of data will help us to characterise the distribution and kinematics of the winds and their relation with the host galaxy type.

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