Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains and evaluation of shrimp cultivation conditions in a farm at the northwestern of Mexico, as risk predictors for its adaptation and dissemination

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a human pathogen as well as the causative agent of vibriosis in shrimp. This study determined the pathogenic, antimicrobial, and biotic potential of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and seawater on a northwestern Mexico farm. A total of 140 samples were randomly collected, including juvenile organisms (n = 120) and seawater (n = 20). The pH, salinity, and biota of the ponds were used to correlate with bacterium presence. The strains were characterized by virulence genes presence, biofilm formation capacity, antimicrobial sensitivity, and the kinetics growth using PCR, microplates method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and spectrophotometry, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 7.1% of the samples with a mean concentration of 3.72 ± 1.24 log CFU mL-1; 6.7% (8/120) in shrimp and 10.0% (2/20) in seawater. Cultivation conditions were not predictive of the specie (P > 0.05). V. parahaemolyticus showed an adaptation time of 1.0 h, and a growth rate of 0.375 h-1 in seawater at 30ºC. The strains were classified into two pathotypes: tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2- (75%) and tlh+/tdh-/trh-/AP2+ (25%) and three resistant profiles to clinical drugs (ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin). The MIC values against oxytetracycline (OTC), florfenicol (FFC) and enrofloxacin (ENRO) were >0.50, >0.25 and >0.06 μg mL-1, respectively. Biofilm formation was a property identified in 40% of the strains. The presence of infectious V. parahaemolyticus with high adaptative potential justifies integrating integrated aquaculture practices and management to control pathogen growth and shrimp health.

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Genomic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Pacific white shrimp and rearing water in Malaysia reveals novel sequence types and structural variation in genomic regions containing the Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin-like genes

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1093/femsle/fnz211 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 366 (17) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chrystine Zou Yi Yan ◽

Christopher M Austin ◽

Qasim Ayub ◽

Sadequr Rahman ◽

Han Ming Gan

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Phylogenomic Analysis ◽

Genomic Characterization ◽

Genomic Resource ◽

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease ◽

Genomic Regions

ABSTRACT The Malaysian and global shrimp aquaculture production has been significantly impacted by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) typically caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus harboring the pVA plasmid containing the pirAVp and pirBVp genes, which code for Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin. The limited genomic resource for V. parahaemolyticus strains from Malaysian aquaculture farms precludes an in-depth understanding of their diversity and evolutionary relationships. In this study, we isolated shrimp-associated and environmental (rearing water) V. parahaemolyticus from three aquaculture farms located in Northern and Central Malaysia followed by whole-genome sequencing of 40 randomly selected isolates on the Illumina MiSeq. Phylogenomic analysis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) reveal distinct lineages of V. parahaemolyticus that harbor the pirABVp genes. The recovery of pVA plasmid backbone devoid of pirAVp or pirABVp in some V. parahaemolyticus isolates suggests that the toxin genes are prone to deletion. The new insight gained from phylogenomic analysis of Asian V. parahaemolyticus, in addition to the observed genomic instability of pVa plasmid, will have implications for improvements in aquaculture practices to diagnose, treat or limit the impacts of this disease.

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Genomic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Pacific white shrimp and rearing water in Malaysia reveals novel sequence types and structural variation in genomic regions containing the Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin-like genes

10.1101/714626 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chrystine Zou Yi Yan ◽

Christopher M. Austin ◽

Qasim Ayub ◽

Sadequr Rahman ◽

Han Ming Gan

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Phylogenomic Analysis ◽

Genomic Characterization ◽

Genomic Resource ◽

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease ◽

Genomic Regions

AbstractThe Malaysian and global shrimp aquaculture production has been significantly impacted by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) typically caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus harboring the pVA plasmid containing the pirAVpand pirBVpgenes which code for Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin. The limited genomic resource for V. parahaemolyticus strains from Malaysian aquaculture farms precludes an in-depth understanding of their diversity and evolutionary relationships. In this study, we isolated shrimp-associated and environmental (rearing water) V. parahaemolyticus from three aquaculture farms located in Northern and Central Malaysia followed by whole-genome sequencing of 40 randomly selected isolates on the Illumina MiSeq. Phylogenomic analysis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) reveal distinct lineages of V. parahaemolyticus that harbor the pirABVpgenes. The recovery of pVA plasmid backbone devoid of pirAVp or pirABVp in some V. parahaemolyticus isolates suggests that the toxin genes are prone to deletion. The new insight gained from phylogenomic analysis of Asian V. parahaemolyticus, in addition to the observed genomic instability of pVa plasmid, will have implications for improvements in aquaculture practices to diagnose, treat or limit the impacts of this disease.

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Characterization of upper respiratory tract isolates from children with recurrent tonsillitis

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. e363101523181

Author(s):

Aline Cristine Magalhães Costa Messias ◽

Thaís Alves de Oliveira ◽

Carolina Rodrigues Andrade ◽

Raylane Pereira Gomes ◽

Célia Regina Malveste Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Test Group ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽

Biofilm Production ◽

Upper Respiratory

To analyze the profile of airway Upper Respiratory Tract isolates from children with recurrent tonsillitis. Samples were taken using nasal cavity, oropharynx and nasopharynx swabs from30 children called the test group before tonsillectomy. Counting, isolation, identification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA, biofilm production and antimicrobial sensitivity investigation were performed. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the only microorganism recovered in 36.6% of patients, being more present in the oropharynx and with greater resistance to erythromycin 95%, penicillin 85% and cefoxitin 85%. All isolates were formed by biofilm, 20% formed by strongly adherent biofilm. S. aureus resistant and biofilm formed, were isolated in the three studied sites, suggesting that this species contributes to recurrent tonsillitis. Impact of the study: The ability of S. aureus to acquire resistance and its other associated factors such as biofilm formation, can make this microorganism recover more easily in the microbiota of patients, taking into account the other microorganisms present there after the use of antibacterial.

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Isolation and characterization of infectious Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of AHPND, from the whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol44-issue3-fulltext-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 470-479

Author(s):

Patricia López-León ◽

Antonio Luna-González ◽

Ruth Escamilla-Montes ◽

María del Carmen Flores-Miranda ◽

Jesús A. Fierro-Coronado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Causative Agent ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Whiteleg Shrimp ◽

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease ◽

Selection Of

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), was isolated from the hepatopancreas of moribund whiteleg shrimp of commercial farms from Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico. The isolates were screened on thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar plates for the selection of green colonies and further characterized through PCR with AP3 primers, 89F/R primers, hemolysin genes, hemolytic and enzymatic activity, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation. Bioassays by immersion challenge were conducted to confirm the pathogenicity of selected bacterial strains. In addition, the LC50 was calculated for each isolate. All isolates (35) belonged to V. parahaemolyticus, but three isolates did not correspond to strains that cause AHPND since they were negative with 89F/R primers. All isolates were αhemolytic and showed biofilm formation (from moderate to strong). Isolates were hydrophobic or hydrophilic and showed high autoaggregation capacity. Eight strains did not kill shrimp and eleven were pathogenic, but differences in virulence were found among them perhaps due to α-hemolysis and differences in biofilm formation and hydrophobicity. Therefore, performed characterization may help to understand the pathogenicity of V. parahaemolyticus. Finally, results showed that smaller shrimp are less resistant to V. parahaemolyticus infection.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Molecular characterization of host-specific biofilm formation in a vertebrate gut symbiont.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718226618.793518484 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Heidi Goodrich-Blair

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Biofilm Formation

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Biofilm Formation in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni: Structure and Development

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030546 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 546

Author(s):

Pilar Sabuquillo ◽

Jaime Cubero

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Infection Process ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Key Factors ◽

Cell Structures ◽

Microscopy Techniques

Xanthomonasarboricola pv. pruni (Xap) causes bacterial spot of stone fruit and almond, an important plant disease with a high economic impact. Biofilm formation is one of the mechanisms that microbial communities use to adapt to environmental changes and to survive and colonize plants. Herein, biofilm formation by Xap was analyzed on abiotic and biotic surfaces using different microscopy techniques which allowed characterization of the different biofilm stages compared to the planktonic condition. All Xap strains assayed were able to form real biofilms creating organized structures comprised by viable cells. Xap in biofilms differentiated from free-living bacteria forming complex matrix-encased multicellular structures which become surrounded by a network of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, nutrient content of the environment and bacterial growth have been shown as key factors for biofilm formation and its development. Besides, this is the first work where different cell structures involved in bacterial attachment and aggregation have been identified during Xap biofilm progression. Our findings provide insights regarding different aspects of the biofilm formation of Xap which improve our understanding of the bacterial infection process occurred in Prunus spp and that may help in future disease control approaches.

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CD25890, a conserved protein that modulates sporulation initiation in Clostridioides difficile

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86878-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Diogo Martins ◽

Michael A. DiCandia ◽

Aristides L. Mendes ◽

Daniela Wetzel ◽

Shonna M. McBride ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Regulatory Protein ◽

Well Being ◽

Human Intestine ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Nutritional Conditions ◽

Sporulation Initiation

AbstractBacteria that reside in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans are essential for our health, sustenance and well-being. About 50–60% of those bacteria have the ability to produce resilient spores that are important for the life cycle in the gut and for host-to-host transmission. A genomic signature for sporulation in the human intestine was recently described, which spans both commensals and pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile and contains several genes of unknown function. We report on the characterization of a signature gene, CD25890, which, as we show is involved in the control of sporulation initiation in C. difficile under certain nutritional conditions. Spo0A is the main regulatory protein controlling entry into sporulation and we show that an in-frame deletion of CD25890 results in increased expression of spo0A per cell and increased sporulation. The effect of CD25890 on spo0A is likely indirect and mediated through repression of the sinRR´ operon. Deletion of the CD25890 gene, however, does not alter the expression of the genes coding for the cytotoxins or the genes involved in biofilm formation. Our results suggest that CD25890 acts to modulate sporulation in response to the nutrients present in the environment.

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