scholarly journals Sharing of Personal Sanitary Kits as One Risk Factor of Horizontal Transmission of Hepatitis B among Children Resident at Orphanage

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Norma Tiku Kambuno ◽  
Karol Octrysdey ◽  
Kuntum Ekawati Nurdin ◽  
Yoan Novicadlitha ◽  
Elisabeth N. Barung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Hepatitis B Transmission ◽  
Nail Clipper ◽  
High Chance

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B is a disease that infects the liver and is caused by the infection of a hepatitis B virus (HBV), and is becoming a global health issue, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through several ways such as infected bodily fluids. Indeed, children who live together in an orphanage are prone to having a high chance of transmitting Hepatitis B to each other. AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of infected Hepatitis B. METHODS: This research used casecontrol study methodology by taking 15 positive case samples and 33 controlled uninfected patients and was conducted in six orphanages in Kupang Municipality in NTT between July 2019 and November 2019. There were 310 orphanage residents participating in this research. RESULTS: The research denotes that variables of using a shared toothbrush, nail clipper, and shaver show a significant connection with their Hepatitis B status (p < 0.05). A further analysis also indicates that using a shared shaver and toothbrush for 12.6 times has a high risk of being infected by Hepatitis B compared to those who do not share their personal items. CONCLUSION: Vaccinations and meeting the basic needs of every child in orphanages are essential in order to minimize the risk of Hepatitis B transmission.

Risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus disease in different states of North Eastern India and their distribution

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
Namrata Kumari ◽  
Priyanka Kashyap ◽  
Snigdha Saikia ◽  
Kangkana Kataki ◽  
Subhash Medhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern India

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Despite Immunoprophylaxis

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui-Ping Liu ◽  
Yi-Lan Zeng ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Lan-Lan Chen ◽  
Rong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Senior Citizens in a Southern Brazilian City

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danúbia Felippe Grassi de Paula Machado ◽  
Tatiana Martins ◽  
Daisson José Trevisol ◽  
Roger Augusto Vieira e Silva ◽  
Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Kisangau ◽  
A Awour ◽  
B Juma ◽  
D Odhiambo ◽  
T Muasya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county. Methods Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination. Results Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19–67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.3). Conclusion We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.

Factors associated with self-reported hepatitis B virus vaccination status among men who have sex with men in the Netherlands

Sexual Health ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
C. Den Daas ◽  
P. C. G. Adam ◽  
K. Vermey ◽  
W. Zuilhof ◽  
J. B. F. de Wit
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Background Reducing the number of new acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections to zero by 2022 is an important goal in the Netherlands. Free HBV vaccination is available for population groups at higher risk of infection, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Identifying correlates of HBV vaccination among MSM can guide the development of health promotion interventions to increase coverage of HBV vaccination. Methods: We assessed factors associated with the HBV vaccination status of 4270 MSM in the Netherlands. Data were collected through the 2018 online Men &amp; Sexuality survey. Results: Multinomial regression analysis showed that lower education level, having never tested for HIV, not recently diagnosed with a sexually transmissible infection, recently having had sex abroad and unknown HBV testing status were associated with higher odds of being unvaccinated as opposed to fully vaccinated. Living in Amsterdam and testing HBV negative were associated with lower odds of being unvaccinated as opposed to fully vaccinated. Age (25–39 years vs younger ages), living in Amsterdam and using pre-exposure prophylaxis decreased the odds to be partly vaccinated as opposed to fully vaccinated; having a migration background increased these odds. Conclusions: HBV vaccination rates among MSM will not reduce HBV transmission to zero. HBV promotion should focus on MSM outside of Amsterdam who are likely less connected with sexual health services and may be at lower (perceived) risk. The factors identified related to HBV vaccination status provide guidance for health promotion interventions to increase uptake and vaccination completion among MSM.

scholarly journals Compliance among infants exposed to hepatitis B virus in a post-vaccination serological testing program in four provinces in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Guo-Min Zhang ◽  
Po-Lin Chan ◽  
Fu-Zhen Wang ◽  
Lance Everett Rodewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains the most common form of HBV infection in China. Prevention of HBV vertical transmission involves timely administration of the complete hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) series and hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Post-vaccination serological testing (PVST) is utilized to determine an infant’s outcome after HBV exposure and completion of HepB series. We aim to determine the frequency of compliance with a PVST testing cascade for HBV infected mothers and analyze factors associated with infant lost to follow up (LTFU). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort review of previously collected data in Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Chongqing provinces in China from 1 June 2016–31 December 2017. The study population included all HBV-exposed infants and their mothers. SAS software was used for statistical analyses. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses (presented in odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) were used to compare the proportional differences of factors associated with PVST not being completed. Results Among enrolled 8474 target infants, 40% of them transferred out of the study provinces without further information and 4988 were eligible for PVST. We found 20% (994) of infants were not compliant with the testing cascade: 55% of LTFU occurred because parents refused venous blood sample collection or failure of sample collection in the field, 16% transferred out after 6 months of age, and 10% of families chose to have independent, confidential PVST completed without reporting results. High PVST noncompliance rates were more likely to be from Fujian (aOR = 17.0, 95% CI: 9.7–29.9), Zhejiang (aOR = 5.7, 95% CI: 3.2–10.1) and Jiangxi (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0–3.4), and from HBV e antigen positive mother (aOR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.4). Conclusions This study found that the LTFU rate reached 20% in PVST program, which was a significant problem. We recommend implementing a national electronic information system for tracking HBV at risk mother-infant pairs; encourage further research in developing a less invasive means of completing PVST, and take effective measures nationally to reduce HBV stigma. Without reducing the loss to follow up rate among infants eligible for PVST, elimination of vertical HBV transmission will be impossible.

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