scholarly journals The Active Surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus using Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Identification Method among Hospitalized-patient of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 622-625
Author(s):  
Sri Amelia ◽  
Dian D. Wahyuni ◽  
Rina Yunita ◽  
Muhammad F. Rozi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

BACKGROUND: Active surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers is associated with the lower incidence of bacteremia and lower mortality rates throughout literature; yet, this important step still remains problematic for developing countries, particularly Indonesia. AIM: The study aimed to demonstrate MRSA colonization rate in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 200 mucocutaneous isolates obtained from hospitalized patients during a 1-year period of study (2018). VITEK-2 system in addition to standard bacterial identification, such as gram staining, latex agglutination test, and hemolysis pattern, was performed to select S. aureus colonies in two different laboratories, Microbiology laboratory of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital and Multidisciplinary Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination. RESULTS: Based on the VITEK-2 system preliminary identification, there were 80 S. aureus colonies which then underwent PCR examination. Through standard PCR assay, there were 32 bacterial isolates contained the mecA gene and it can be determined MRSA colonization rate of the hospital was 16% with consistent results of standard bacterial identification. CONCLUSIONS: Active surveillance of MRSA carriers is mandatory and urged it as a regular program in a hospital setting to decrease MRSA transmission rate.

Preemptive Isolation Precautions of Patients at High Risk for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Combination With Ultrarapid Polymerase Chain Reaction Screening as an Effective Tool for Infection Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1489-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghias Hallak ◽  
Bruno Neuner ◽  
Joerg C. Schefold ◽  
Kerstin Gorzelniak ◽  
Brigitte Rapsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

This sequential nonrandomized intervention study investigated the role of preemptive isolation precautions plus ultrarapid polymerase chain reaction screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Compared with no prophylactic isolation plus conventional microbiology MRSA screening, nosocomial MRSA colonization and total MRSA incidence per 10,000 patient days significantly decreased.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1489–1491

Occurrence of Skin and Environmental Contamination with Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusbefore Results of Polymerase Chain Reaction at Hospital Admission Become Available

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Chang ◽  
Ajay K. Sethi ◽  
Usha Stiefel ◽  
Jennifer L. Cadnum ◽  
Curtis J. Donskey
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Median Interval

Background.Active surveillance to detect patients colonized with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is increasingly practiced in healthcare settings. However, inpatients may already become sources of transmission before appropriate precautions are implemented.Objective.To examine the frequency of MRSA contamination of commonly touched skin and environmental surfaces before patient carriage status became known.Methods.We conducted a 6-week prospective study of patients who were identified by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at hospital admission as having nasal MRSA colonization. Skin and environmental contamination was assessed within hours of completion of PCR screening.Results.There were 116 patients identified by PCR screening as having nasal MRSA colonization during the period from mid-April to May 2008, of whom 83 (72%) were enrolled in our study. Overall, MRSA was detected on the skin of 38 (51%) of 74 patients and in the environment of 37 (45%) of 83 patients Of 83 environmental culture samples, 63 (76%) were obtained within 7 hours after PSR results became available, and 73 (88%) were obtained before wards were notified of PCR Results. Of the 83 MRSA-colonized patients, 15 (18%) had contaminated their environment 25 hours after admission, and 29 (35%) had contaminated their environment 33 hours after admission. Thirty-two (39%) of the 83 patients had roommates, 13 (41%) of whom contaminated their environment. The median interval from admission to PCR result was 20 hours, and the median interval from PCR result to notification was 23 hours. An increased quantity of MRSA cultured from a nasal sample was significantly associated with contamination.Conclusions.Before any contact precautions can be implemented, newly identified MRSA carriers frequently have contaminated their environment with MRSA and have contamination of commonly examined skin sites. In hospitals that perform active surveillance, strategies are needed to minimize delays in screening or to preemptively identify patients at high risk for disseminating MRSA.

Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection and Differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus in Dairy Products†

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHIR TAMARAPU ◽  
JOHN L. McKILLIP ◽  
MARYANNE DRAKE
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection and differentiation of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products. A solvent extraction procedure was successfully modified for extraction of S. aureus DNA from 10 ml of artificially contaminated skim milk or 20 g cheddar cheese. Primers targeting the enterotoxin C gene (entC) and thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) were used in the multiplex PCR. PCR products were confirmed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. DNA was consistently quantified and amplified by uniplex PCR from 10 CFU/ml of S. aureus in skim milk or 10 CFU/20 g cheddar cheese. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR was 100 CFU/ml of skim milk or 100 CFU/20 g cheddar cheese. The developed methodology allows presumptive identification and differentiation of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in less than 6 h.

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