scholarly journals The definitive rediscovery of Telmatobius halli (Anura, Telmatobiidae) at its historic type locality and its synonymy with T. dankoi and T. vilamensis

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1079 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Jakob von Tschirnhaus ◽  
Claudio Correa
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Type Series ◽  
The Third ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
External Characteristics

Telmatobius halli was the first representative of its genus to be described exclusively for Chile, yet for 85 years no new individuals could be located due to the vagueness with which its type locality was described. The type series was collected by one of the members of the International High Altitude Expedition to Chile (IHAEC) of 1935. Recently, three studies successively claimed to have located the type locality in different places. The third study proved, according to the chronicles of the IHAEC, that the actual locality is Miño, at the origin of the Loa River, where currently there are no published records of Telmatobius. In this study, additional documentary antecedents and graphic material are provided that corroborate that Miño is indeed the type locality of T. halli. Additionally, the recently rediscovered Telmatobius population from Miño and the environment it inhabits are described. The external characteristics of the frogs are consistent with the description of T. halli. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed that showed that T. halli, T. dankoi, and T. vilamensis, all known only from their type localities in Chile, comprise a clade without internal resolution. A detailed comparison of the diagnoses of the three species revealed that the few phenotypic differences between these taxa were based on characteristics that vary widely within and between populations of the genus, hence their conspecificity is proposed. The implications of this synonymy for the taxonomy, biogeography, and conservation of the Telmatobius from the extreme south of its distribution in Chile are discussed.

scholarly journals Third time’s the charm: The definitive rediscovery of Telmatobius halli Noble, 1938 (Anura, Telmatobiidae) at its historic type locality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob von Tschirnhaus ◽  
Claudio Correa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Series ◽  
The Third ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
The One ◽  
External Characteristics

Telmatobius halli Noble, 1938 was the first representative of its genus to be described for Chile, but for 80 years no new individuals could be located due to the vagueness with which its type locality was described. The type series was collected by one of the members of the International High Altitude Expedition to Chile (IHAEC) that took place in 1935. Recently, three studies successively claimed to have rediscovered the type locality in different places. The third study proved, considering the chronicles of the IHAEC, that the actual locality is Miño, at the origin of the Loa River. In the contemporary herpetological literature, there are no records of Telmatobius from this locality. In this study, we provide additional documentary antecedents and graphic material that corroborate that the mentioned location is indeed the historic type locality of T. halli. Additionally, we describe the recently discovered Telmatobius population from Miño, whose external characteristics are consistent with the description of T. halli, and the environment it inhabits. Furthermore, we performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis that strongly suggests that T. halli (from Miño), T. dankoi and T. vilamensis, all known only from their type locality in Chile, are conspecific. Neither of the populations from the previously proposed rediscoveries grouped with the one from the genuine type locality. We discuss the implications that these findings have for the taxonomy, biogeography and conservation of the populations from the extreme south of the distribution of the genus in Chile.

scholarly journals A new large-flowered species of Andeimalva (Malvaceae, Malvoideae) from Peru

PhytoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence J. Dorr ◽  
Carolina Romero-Hernández ◽  
Kenneth J. Wurdack
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Small Genus ◽  
Northern Species

Andeimalvaperuviana Dorr & C.Romero, sp. nov., the third Peruvian endemic in a small genus of five species, is described and illustrated from a single collection made at high elevation on the eastern slopes of the Andes. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence data resolve a group of northern species of Andeimalva found in Bolivia and Peru from the morphologically very different southern A.chilensis. The new species bears the largest flowers of any Andeimalva and is compared with Bolivian A.mandonii. A revised key to the genus is presented.

Distribution and status of Turdus thrushes in white-sand areas of eastern Colombia, with a new subspecies of T. leucomelas

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4567 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
F. GARY STILES ◽  
JORGE ENRIQUE AVENDAÑO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Colombian Amazon ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Nd2 Gene

White-sand areas in the Colombian Amazon harbor many endemic and specialist species that are relatively little studied with respect to their ecology, distribution and zoogeographic affinities, for example Turdus thrushes. A recent expedition to the Serranía de Chiribiquete, a mountain range of Guianan origin in the Colombian Amazon, resulted in the discovery of an enigmatic Turdus thrush restricted to white-sand vegetation. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the ND2 gene revealed that this population is genetically similar to T. leucomelas albiventer, from which it differs in its smaller size and darker, duller plumage. Therefore, we here describe this population as a new subspecies of T. leucomelas. Furthermore, our inspection of specimens of Turdus taxa from eastern Colombia revealed the existence of sympatry between T. ignobilis debilis and T. i. arthuri at two sites. Based on this evidence and previously documented genetic and phenotypic differences, we recognize T. arthuri as a distinct biological species. We analyze distributions and measurements of functional traits among four thrush taxa of eastern Colombia.

Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-V. New combinations for invalid names in Prosthechea (Orchidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Cássio Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Brazilian Species ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Mexican Species

Prosthechea Knowles & Westcott (1838: 111) is the third largest genus of Laeliinae Bentham (1881: 287) with 117 species (Chase et al. 2015). The group of species corresponding to Prosthechea is widespread in the Neotropics, especially in Mexico, Central America and Brazil, and has been treated since the 60’s as distinct from Epidendrum Linnaeus (1763: 1347) but with contradictory generic placement. For example, Dressler & Pollard (1971, 1976) included most species in Encyclia subgenus Osmophytum (Lindley 1841: 81) Dressler & Pollard (1971: 433), but dealt only with Mexican species. Pabst & Dungs (1975, 1977) followed Dressler and treated the Brazilian species also in Encyclia Hooker (1828: t. 2831). Brieger (1960) considered them part of Hormidium (Lindley 1841: 81) Heynhold (1841: 880) and later Pabst et al. (1981) transferred most Brazilian species to Anacheilium Hoffmannsegg (1842: 229). Molecular phylogenetic analyses of plastid and nuclear data confirmed that the whole group was monophyletic (van den Berg et al. 2000, 2009, Higgins et al., 2003). After an extensive discussion on the generic names by Higgins (1997), he established that the oldest name for the whole clade was Prosthechea and proposed most of the new combinations for species previously included in Epidendrum, Encyclia, Anacheilium and Hormidium. Later on, other authors decided to subdivide the group into several segregate genera, and proposed two systems that are themselves conflicting in generic circumscription (Withner & Harding 2004, Chiron & Castro Neto 2003a).

Osteology and systematics of Uberabatitan ribeiroi (Dinosauria; Sauropoda): a Late Cretaceous titanosaur from Minas Gerais, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (3) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIAN C. G. JUNIOR SILVA ◽  
THIAGO S. MARINHO ◽  
AGUSTÍN G. MARTINELLI ◽  
MAX C. LANGER
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Linear Regressions

Uberabatitan ribeiroi is a Late Cretaceous titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from southeastern Brazil. Here we provide a detailed revision of all its available specimens, including new elements from the type-locality. One new autopomorphy is added to diagnosis of the taxon: astragalus with a well-developed anteroposterior crest that mediodistally delimits the tibial articulation. Linear regressions were conducted in an attempt to circumscribe specimens within the type-series, revealing that it is composed of several individuals, with inferred total body lengths varying from 7 to 26 meters. Phylogenetic analyses including U. ribeiroi show that the Brazilian taxon corresponds to a non-saltasaurid lithostrotian titanosaur. 

A new species of Phrynopus from the northeastern Andes of Peru, its phylogenetic position, and notes on the relationships of Holoadeninae (Anura: Craugastoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4446 (4) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
PABLO J. VENEGAS ◽  
ANDY C. BARBOZA ◽  
IGNACIO DE LA RIVA ◽  
JOSÉ M. PADIAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

We report the discovery of a geographically disjunct and morphologically distinctive species of direct-developing frog of the genus Phrynopus (Phrynopus mariellaleo sp. nov.) that changes considerably our understanding of the distribution of species in this Andean genus. The type locality lies on a subcordillera (Cerro de Campanario area) of the extreme northeastern portion of the Cordillera Central of Peru, on the headwaters of the Mayo River, Amazonas department, at 2575 m asl (6°6’42.9’’S, 77°26’24’’W). This area is situated 170 km to the NE from the northernmost record of Phrynopus known so far. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a supermatrix (13269 aligned positions of gene sequences of four mitochondrial and ten nuclear genes) of 105 terminals (representing 93 named and 9 unnamed species of Holoadeninae) recover this new species as the sister to Phrynopus auriculatus, a species occurring more than 500 km south of the type locality of the new species. Both Phrynopus auriculatus and the new species occur at moderate elevations on the easternmost stretches of the Andean subcordilleras; their sister relationship point to a potentially broader distribution of species of Phrynopus along the poorly sampled intervening areas of the eastern hills of the Andes. The new species has a conspicuous and visibly large tympanic membrane (a trait rare in the clade), outlined by a marked bold black supratympanic fold and a black facial mask, and exhibits conspicuous dorsolateral, scapular, and middorsal Y-shaped folds. Specimens were found on the forest floor—a rocky substrate covered by a thick layer of leaf litter, moss and roots—of a primary humid montane forest (Yungas ecoregion) with scattered patches of bamboo (Chusquea spp.). Our phylogenetic analyses corroborate the monophyly of all Holoadeninae genera, including Euparkerella and Psychrophrynella, genera for which tests of monophyly were pending, and corroborates Hypodactylus nigrovittatus as part of Hypodactylus and sister to a clade that includes H. brunneus, H. elassodiscus and H. peraccai. 

Where is the enigmatic Telmatobius halli Noble 1938? Rediscovery and clarification of a frog species not seen for 80 years

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4527 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
PABLO FIBLA ◽  
HUGO SALINAS ◽  
GABRIEL LOBOS ◽  
TALÍA DEL POZO ◽  
ALEJANDRA FABRES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Chilean Altiplano

Telmatobius halli was the first endemic Telmatobius species described in Chile, reported by Noble in 1938 near the locality of Ollagüe, in the high Andean zone of the Antofagasta region. To this date, there are no specimens assignable to this species other than the type series; although many expeditions have tried to search for T. halli, they have been unsuccessful, but they have found and described new species around this area. In order to clarify the origin of the enigmatic T. halli, we reviewed the itinerary of the expedition carried out by F. G. Hall in the Chilean Altiplano, to place a putative type locality. We contrast the morphology of the holotype, with that of recently collected specimens from the new putative type locality, to confirm the population’s identity; and finally, we perform phylogenetic analyses in order to clarify the systematic position of this taxon. The historical review of the expedition that collected these frogs shows that it is likely that Telmatobius halli had been collected near Collahuasi, about 50 km northwest of Ollagüe, site that we have assigned as a putative type locality for T. halli. The morphological analyses support this hypothesis, while phylogenetic results show that the specimens assigned to this species form a monophyletic group, and is a sister clade of T. chusmisensis. Thus, we propose that the type locality of T. halli be changed from “around Ollagüe” to the area of the Copaquire ravine, so its distribution would be restricted to this system and Choja-Chijlla ravine, both in the high Andean zone of the Región de Tarapacá, Chile. 

scholarly journals The phylogenetic position of Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular analyses and morphological observations of specimens from the type locality in Western Australia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 324 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. HUISMAN ◽  
BYEONGSEOK KIM ◽  
MYUNG SOOK KIM
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Considerable uncertainty surrounds the phylogenetic position of Polysiphonia scopulorum, a species with an apparently cosmopolitan distribution. Here we report, for the first time, molecular phylogenetic analyses using plastid rbcL gene sequences and morphological observations of P. scopulorum collected from the type locality, Rottnest Island in Western Australia. Morphological characteristics of the Rottnest Island specimens allowed unequivocal identification, however, the sequence analyses uncovered discrepancies in previous molecular studies that included specimens identified as P. scopulorum from other locations. The phylogenetic evidence clearly revealed that P. scopulorum from Rottnest Island formed a sister clade with P. caespitosa from Spain (JX828149 as P. scopulorum) with moderate support, but that it differed from specimens identified as P. scopulorum from the U.S.A. (AY396039, EU492915). In light of this, we suggest that P. scopulorum be considered an endemic species with a distribution restricted to Australia. Our results showed the existence of several distinct clades among the species of Polysiphonia sensu lato, including the clade containing P. scopulorum which did not join with the generitype Polysiphonia stricta (i.e., Polysiphonia sensu stricto). This suggests that the P. scopulorum clade might represent a separate genus, however, further studies including multi-gene analyses are recommended before recognizing any segregate taxa.

scholarly journals Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal two new synonyms of Xanthoria parietina

2020 ◽  
pp. 620-623
Author(s):  
Andrei Tsurykau ◽  
Pavel Bely ◽  
Ulf Arup
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Xanthoria Parietina ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Molecular analyses of the recently described Xanthoria polessica collected from the type locality and of the Australian species X. coomae were used to determine whether these taxa are distinct species or fall within the wide phenotypic variation of the well-known and cosmopolitan X. parietina. Our results clearly indicate that both taxa should be considered as synonyms of X. parietina since the infraspecific morphological range is accommodated by the observed variation in the thallus and lobe size, their color, position of apothecia, the shape of ascospores, and width of ascospore septum.

scholarly journals Three new symbiotic crabs of the genus Glassella Campos & Wicksten, 1997 from Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of Florida, USA (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-917
Author(s):  
Darryl L Felder ◽  
Emma Palacios Theil
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Separate Genus ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species

Abstract New species of the pinnotherid crab genus GlassellaCampos & Wicksten, 1997 are described from western Atlantic waters along the east and west coasts of Florida, with the generic assignment of one being provisional. Glassella chaneyin. sp., Glassella martinin. sp., and Glassella taylorin. sp., all morphologically resemble the long-known species G. floridana (Rathbun, 1918) and overlap part of its distributional range, there occupying similar habitats and at least sometimes found with similar hosts. While genomic DNA sequencing has previously established the generic assignment of G. floridana, small sizes and suboptimal preservation histories of specimens representing the three new species have rendered all sequencing attempts unsuccessful, and thus not allowed their inclusion in molecular phylogenetic analyses. To facilitate present morphological comparisons, a rediagnosis of G. floridana was undertaken, and previously published illustrations were augmented, the latter now including figures of its previously undescribed male first gonopod and gonopodal plate. Comparisons of G. floridana to the three new species reveal striking diagnostic differences between all four species in their male first gonopods and varied configurations in the gonopodal plate or its probable homologs. These characters support the otherwise established separation of G. floridana from its congeners on the basis of its more strongly armed flexor margins of the fourth and fifth pereopods. In G. taylorin. sp., representing the smallest known member of Glassella, development of the third maxilliped and male first gonopod is so exceptional as to suggest the species may warrant eventual assignment to a separate genus.

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