Study on variable condition model for steam turbine based on internal and external characteristics

It is not easy to carry out the detailed variable condition calculation of steam turbine in engineering application. In this paper, a variable condition calculation model based on the internal and external characteristics of steam turbine is proposed, and a variable condition calculation model of constant power and constant flow is established. The model is applied to calculate 75% THA, 50%THA, typical industrial and heating extraction conditions of a subcritical 330 MW unit. The error is small compared with the design value, and the calculation accuracy meets the requirements. The results show that the model has high accuracy and can meet the requirements of engineering application.

The present status, distribution, demography, and diet of the Dahl’s Jird

Meriones dahli (Shidlovsky, 1962) was previously accepted to be a subspecies of M. meridianus (Pallas, 1773). However, it was later suggested that they are geographically isolated from each other. Although hybridological studies and differences in certain external characteristics support the idea that M. dahli is a separate species, there are still doubts on its species status, and the exact range of its distribution is not known. In this paper, we provide some taxonomic information about the species, and compare these with the information given in previous studies. We argue that some differences exist among Armenian population regarding external measurements. Recent studies indicate that M. dahli is currently only distributed in Turkey, as an endemic mammal species. We provide predictions about the distribution of M. dahli, and report the estimated population size to its maximum value. Food preference studies for this species, conducted under laboratory conditions, are also introduced for the first time. We discuss the ecological data obtained from field studies, and emphasize that the habitat of M. dahli is about to disappear. Consequently, the protection status of this species should urgently be changed to the CR category and conservation studies must be carried out immediately.

The definitive rediscovery of Telmatobius halli (Anura, Telmatobiidae) at its historic type locality and its synonymy with T. dankoi and T. vilamensis

Telmatobius halli was the first representative of its genus to be described exclusively for Chile, yet for 85 years no new individuals could be located due to the vagueness with which its type locality was described. The type series was collected by one of the members of the International High Altitude Expedition to Chile (IHAEC) of 1935. Recently, three studies successively claimed to have located the type locality in different places. The third study proved, according to the chronicles of the IHAEC, that the actual locality is Miño, at the origin of the Loa River, where currently there are no published records of Telmatobius. In this study, additional documentary antecedents and graphic material are provided that corroborate that Miño is indeed the type locality of T. halli. Additionally, the recently rediscovered Telmatobius population from Miño and the environment it inhabits are described. The external characteristics of the frogs are consistent with the description of T. halli. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed that showed that T. halli, T. dankoi, and T. vilamensis, all known only from their type localities in Chile, comprise a clade without internal resolution. A detailed comparison of the diagnoses of the three species revealed that the few phenotypic differences between these taxa were based on characteristics that vary widely within and between populations of the genus, hence their conspecificity is proposed. The implications of this synonymy for the taxonomy, biogeography, and conservation of the Telmatobius from the extreme south of its distribution in Chile are discussed.

Some External Characteristics of the Gala and Bozakh Sheep Native Breeds and Their Hybrids

In Azerbaijan, sheep mating is natural in both small and large sheep farms and very little attention is paid to the selection process. For industrial crossing of local sheep (western part of the country), five breeding rams of 1.5 years old were purchased in the village of Gala (Absheron) and delivered to the Gaji Tagi farm in the Dashkesan district. Two groups were formed from a native herd of 100 sheep each. Fertilization of females was carried out from October 15 to December 1. According to the indexing data, the external signs of the native breed of Bozakh sheep are better than those of other similar breeds. From the results obtained, it should be concluded that the livestock of Gala and Bozakh breeds can be adapted to the foothills of Azerbaijan.

Analysis of external features and live weight of woolly-meaty sheep (ovis aries)

This article addressed the development and the growth of offspring, the external characteristics and the productivity at different breeding periods of woolly-meaty sheep of Uzbekistan. It was observed that wool productivity was higher in sheep rich in wool-meat than ordinary sheep; sheared wool was 1.26 kg (49.6%), after washing it was 0.97 kg (67.8%), wool length was 2.13 (19.2%) higher. Live weights of lambs from ewes in the experimental groups were determined at birth, at 30 days of age, and 3 months of age. From September 1 to September 20 of the year, the live weight, body size and wool productivity of early inseminated ewes were higher than those of inseminated ewes from late October to November 10. The live weight of lambs obtained from artificially inseminated sheep with frozen semen of typical rams in world gene pool considered semi-fine wool in the meat-wool direction was higher than sheep naturally inseminated with pedigree rams. Accordingly, it was heavier by 00.4 kg (9.3%) at the first day of birth, followed by 0.5 kg (6.8%) at 10 days, and 0.4 kg (1.3%) at 3 months of age.

Symbolism of the Arabic alphabet and fundamentals of the religious tradition in the romantic poetry of Aşıq Ümer

The subject of this research is the peculiarities of representation of the symbolism of Arabic alphabet and fundamentals of the religious tradition in the lyrics of the prominent representative of Ashik poetry, of the XVII century – Aşıq Ümer. The object of is the poetry of Aşıq Ümer. The works of Aşıq Ümer are particularly relevant these days due to diversity and vividness of symbolism of his poetic system. The purpose of this article lies in the analysis of the symbols of Arabic alphabet and fundamentals of the religious tradition, as well as in determination of their role in the lyrics of Aşıq Ümer. The symbolism of Arabic alphabet in his poetry is examines in the following descriptive aspects: external description of the beauty of the beloved; description of the external characteristics and sufferings of the one in love. The research methodology employs the method of hermeneutics, descriptive method, and semiotic  text analysis. The relevance of this research is substantiated by popularity and important semantic load of Arabic letters, symbols, and fundamentals of the religious tradition in the images of romantic poetry of Aşıq Ümer – the beloved and the one in love. The scientific novelty lies the analysis of the symbols of Arabic graphemes and fundamentals of the religious tradition in the lyrics of Aşıq Ümer, which reveals the role of these symbols in his poetry. The author concludes that the study and analysis of the symbolism of Arabic alphabet and religious components in the lyrics of Aşıq Ümer make it comprehensible to common audience. The sacred meaning of the Arabic alphabet and religious metaphors enriches the lyrics of the poet, as well as demonstrates his unshakable faith and living within the framework of Islam.

The Interest of Young Agricultural Entrepreneurs (Young Farmers) on Chili Agribusiness in Kabupaten Garut

The study aims at analyzing the descriptions of the interests of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) and discovering the factors affecting their interest in chili agribusiness. The study was conducted in Kabupaten Garut from June to November, 2019. This study employs a quantitative approach. In this study, population was 1.376 of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) aged under 40 in chili production centers. Sample for this study was 233 people obtained by calculating following Slovin. The samples were scattered in sub-district of Banyuresmi (79 people), Wanaraja (72 people) and Cikajang (83 people). Sampling technique employed was proportional random sampling. Primary data were collected from respondents through direct interviews and focus group discussion (FGD). The research variables consisted of individual characteristics, external characteristics, and the interests of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer). The collected data were analyzed by utilizing descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression. The results of the study concluded show that most of the respondents stated their interest were at a moderate level. The average age of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) is 31.47 years. The majority are still elementary school educated, and most of them have never been involved in organizations and never joined apprenticeship/courses/training. However, cosmopolitan attitude is in the high category. The interest of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) is affected by institutional, non-formal education, cosmopolitan and external factors including government support, availability of infrastructure, agricultural extension, easy access to information, community leaders and production markets.

Consumer Neuroscience: Attentional Preferences for Wine Labeling Reflected in the Posterior Contralateral Negativity

During the decision-making process, consumers notice, inspect, and visually scan different products. External characteristics of a product, such as design, packaging, label, and logo, have been shown to strongly influence how customers perceive, assess, and select a product. Marketers have put a lot of effort into determining the factors that trigger consumers’ visual attention toward products, using traditional research methods, self-reports, or observations. The use of neuroscientific tools to study consumer behavior may improve our understanding of how external characteristics influence consumers’ visual attention. Consumer neuroscience research shows that preferences for a product may already be reflected in brain activity before customers make a final decision. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated whether the design of different wine labeling influences individual preferences, reflected in the neural activity related to visual attention. More specifically, we examined whether the posterior contralateral negativity (PCN) can be used to assess and predict consumers’ preferences for a specific product based on its external characteristics. The PCN is commonly used to estimate attentional selection by focusing on stimulus-side dependent EEG lateralization above parieto-occipital areas. We computed the PCN to assess whether a certain wine label caught participants’ visual attention and additionally by comparing the PCN with behavioral data (wine preferences and reaction times) to determine whether early effects of visual attention could predict participants’ final preferences for a specific label. Our findings indicate that the PCN provides relevant information on visual attention mechanisms for external characteristics, as the view of the four labels modulated PCN amplitude. We hope this study can help researchers and practitioners in examining the effects of external product characteristics on consumer choice by estimating the changes in the EEG that are related to visual attention.

Influence of Blade Wrap Angle on the Hydrodynamic Radial Force of Single Blade Centrifugal Pump

To investigate the effect of blade wrap angle on the hydrodynamic radial force of a single blade centrifugal pump, numerical simulation is conducted on the pumps with different blade wrap angles. The effect of the wrap angle on the external characteristics and the radial force of a single blade centrifugal pump was analyzed according to the simulation result. It is found that, with the increase of the blade wrap angle, the head and efficiency of the single blade centrifugal pump are improved, the H-Q curve becomes steeper, and the efficiency also increased gradually, while the high-efficiency area is narrowed. The blade wrap angle has a great effect on the radial force of the single blade centrifugal pump. When the blade wrap angle is less than 360°, the horizontal component of the radial force is negative and the value is reduced with the increase of the wrap angle of the blade. When the wrap angle is larger than 360°, the horizontal component of the radial force is positive and the value increases with the increase of the wrap angle. Under part-loading conditions, the radial force of the single blade pump is significantly reduced with the increase of the blade wrap angle. When the wrap angle is smaller than 360°, the radial force decreases with the flow rate increase. In the condition that the wrap angle is larger than 360°, the radial force increases with the flow rate increase.

Dependency of the Blast Wave Pressure on the Amount of Used Booster

Most of the damage caused by an explosion is caused by a pressure effect. The magnitude of the pressure generated by the explosion is influenced by the external characteristics of the environment (surrounding objects, their arrangement, geometry, etc.) and internal characteristics (type of explosive, type of charge, booster and others). An effective combination of internal factors creates a symmetry that results in the highest possible value of pressure generated by the charge explosion. The paper focuses on the influence of the booster reaction on this symmetry. The scope of the paper is to understand the dependency of the blast wave pressure on the amount of used blaster to increase the efficacy of explosions on the environment and structures to increase the protection of affected structures. The open-air field tests were conducted using different types of explosives: trinitrotoluene and three different types of industrially made ANFO explosives (pure ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, ammonium nitrate and fuel oil plus aluminum powder, ammonium nitrate and fuel oil mixed with trinitrotoluene). The obtained data were compared with the analytical approach for setting the generated maximal pressure on the front of the blast wave.