scholarly journals Vigor difference during storage and germination in Indian mustard explained by reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-588
Author(s):  
Nipa BISWAS ◽  
Sangita YADAV ◽  
Shiv Kumar YADAV ◽  
Ravish CHOUDHARY ◽  
Navinder SAINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Double Zero ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Canola-type genotypes in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) are a new kind of quality resource developed for their low levels of erucic acid (<2%) and glucosinolate (<30 μmole/g defatted meal) contents. Single-zero (low erucic acid) and double-zero (low erucic acid and glucosinolate content) genotypes of Indian mustard have less vigor. Conventional genotypes (high erucic acid and glucosinolate contents) havea significantly higher seedling vigor index-II (SVI-II) and single-zero genotypes have a significantly higher SVI-I, whereas double-zero genotypes have been observed to have a significantly lower SVI-I and SVI-II. To know the possible reasons for the differences in vigor, the seed quality parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents (superoxide radicals (O2−·) and hydrogen peroxide), lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activity were examined. In the dry seeds, the conventional genotypes revealed lower ROS contents and higher catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity. This trend was reversed in the double-zero genotypes, which could be the reason why they were more susceptible to oxidative damage. During seed germination, an increase in the ROS contents, and corresponding increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, was noticed, which was highest in the conventional genotypes, followed by the single-zero genotypes. Double-zero genotypes showed the lowest increase in ROS contents and antioxidant enzyme activity during this period. This meant that the required attributes were met for maintaining oxidative balance within the cells and triggering physiological activities to reach high vigor. This study proposed 2 causes for the poor vigor of the double-zero genotypes; first, in the dry seeds, the ROS remained high due to low antioxidant activity (ROS scavengers) and the second was less generation of O2−· during germination.

Reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant enzyme activity during epididymal sperm maturation in Corynorhinus mexicanus bats

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arenas-Ríos Edith ◽  
Rosado García Adolfo ◽  
Cortés-Barberena Edith ◽  
Königsberg Mina ◽  
Arteaga-Silva Marcela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sperm Maturation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Species Production

scholarly journals Biochemical Changes under Chromium Stress on Germinating Seedlings of Vigna radiata

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavin SUTHAR ◽  
Jayesh PANSURIYA ◽  
Mafatlal M KHER ◽  
Dr. Vinay R PATEL ◽  
Murugan NATARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cr Concentration

Hexavalant chromium is considered the most toxic form because of its high solubility in water. Cr is known to induce production of elevated concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulted in macromolecule damage. Plants are having unique mechanisms to overcome ROS induced damage by accumulation of proline, ascorbate and glutathione and increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidaes (APX), peroxidise (POX). In the present investigation effects of chromium on seed germination of Mung bean (Vigna radiata 'Gujarat Mung-4’) were studied. Seeds were treated with different Cr concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 4M) for seven days. On 7th day root and shoot length was measured and activities of antioxidant enzyme SOD, APX, POX, CAT and GR were checked along with protein, proline and lipid peroxidation. It was observed that there is gradual decrease in shoot and root length with respect to the increase in Cr concentration. Level of lipid peroxidation significantly increased along with proline and antioxidant enzyme activity at higher Cr concentration. Lipid peroxidation is an indication of membrane damage due to elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To combat oxidative damage by ROS antioxidant enzyme activity increased significantly, which indicates that antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR) play a crucial role during Cr stress during germination of V. radiata.

Metformin prevents ischemia reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in the fatty liver by attenuation of reactive oxygen species formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (2) ◽  
pp. G100-G111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Cahova ◽  
Eliska Palenickova ◽  
Helena Dankova ◽  
Eva Sticova ◽  
Martin Burian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Species

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with chronic oxidative stress. In our study, we explored the antioxidant effect of antidiabetic metformin on chronic [high-fat diet (HFD)-induced] and acute oxidative stress induced by short-term warm partial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) or on a combination of both in the liver. Wistar rats were fed a standard diet (SD) or HFD for 10 wk, half of them being administered metformin (150 mg·kg body wt−1·day−1). Metformin treatment prevented acute stress-induced necroinflammatory reaction, reduced alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase serum activity, and diminished lipoperoxidation. The effect was more pronounced in the HFD than in the SD group. The metformin-treated groups exhibited less severe mitochondrial damage (markers: cytochrome c release, citrate synthase activity, mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial respiration) and apoptosis (caspase 9 and caspase 3 activation). Metformin-treated HFD-fed rats subjected to I/R exhibited increased antioxidant enzyme activity as well as attenuated mitochondrial respiratory capacity and ATP resynthesis. The exposure to I/R significantly increased NADH- and succinate-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitochondrial production in vitro. The effect of I/R was significantly alleviated by previous metformin treatment. Metformin downregulated the I/R-induced expression of proinflammatory (TNF-α, TLR4, IL-1β, Ccr2) and infiltrating monocyte (Ly6c) and macrophage (CD11b) markers. Our data indicate that metformin reduces mitochondrial performance but concomitantly protects the liver from I/R-induced injury. We propose that the beneficial effect of metformin action is based on a combination of three contributory mechanisms: increased antioxidant enzyme activity, lower mitochondrial ROS production, and reduction of postischemic inflammation.

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