scholarly journals Resistance to Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin accumulation among 129 wheat cultivars from different ecological regions in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Yan ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
T.A.J. van der Lee ◽  
C. Waalwijk ◽  
A.D. van Diepeningen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
River Region ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Toxin Accumulation

A total of 129 wheat cultivars collected from local breeders in four ecological regions in China was evaluated for Fusarium head blight resistance after natural infection under epidemic conditions. The disease index was scored and seven toxins concentrations were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. The disease index ranged from 6.3 to 80.9% and a strong correlation was found between the regions from which the cultivars originate and disease index. The middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Region showed the highest disease resistance, followed by the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Region. FHB resistance of cultivars from northern and southern Huanghuai Region was lowest and all cultivars in these regions are highly or moderately susceptible. Disease index was significantly correlated with toxin accumulation on nation scale, but no clear correlation was found within most ecological regions. The toxin accumulation was also not well correlated with resistant levels. As the incidence of FHB has increased dramatically over the last decade, improved FHB resistance in cultivars is urgently needed. We recommend that besides scoring for disease index also mycotoxin accumulation in cultivars is incorporated in breeding procedures and the evaluation of cultivars.

scholarly journals Methodical Considerations and Resistance Evaluation against F. graminearum and F. culmorum Head Blight in Wheat. The Influence of Mixture of Isolates on Aggressiveness and Resistance Expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akos Mesterhazy ◽  
Andrea Gyorgy ◽  
Monika Varga ◽  
Beata Toth
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Evaluation ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Correct Data ◽  
Resistance Tests ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Resistance Expression

In resistance tests to Fusarium head blight (FHB), the mixing of inocula before inoculation is normal, but no information about the background of mixing was given. Therefore, four experiments (2013–2015) were made with four independent isolates, their all-possible (11) mixtures and a control. Four cultivars with differing FHB resistance were used. Disease index (DI), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were evaluated. The isolates used were not stable in aggressiveness. Their mixtures did not also give a stable aggressiveness; it depended on the composition of mix. The three traits diverged in their responses. After the mixing, the aggressiveness was always less than that of the most pathogenic component was. However, in most cases it was significantly higher than the arithmetical mean of the participating isolates. A mixture was not better than a single isolate was. The prediction of the aggressiveness level is problematic even if the aggressiveness of the components was tested. Resistance expression is different in the mixing variants and in the three traits tested. Of them, DON is the most sensitive. More reliable resistance and toxin data can be received when instead of one more independent isolates are used. This is important when highly correct data are needed (genetic research or cultivar registration).

scholarly journals Fusarium head blight resistance exacerbates nutritional loss of wheat grain at elevated CO2

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William T. Hay ◽  
James A. Anderson ◽  
Susan P. McCormick ◽  
Milagros P. Hojilla-Evangelista ◽  
Gordon W. Selling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fhb Resistance

AbstractThe nutritional integrity of wheat is jeopardized by rapidly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and the associated emergence and enhanced virulence of plant pathogens. To evaluate how disease resistance traits may impact wheat climate resilience, 15 wheat cultivars with varying levels of resistance to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) were grown at ambient and elevated CO2. Although all wheat cultivars had increased yield when grown at elevated CO2, the nutritional contents of FHB moderately resistant (MR) cultivars were impacted more than susceptible cultivars. At elevated CO2, the MR cultivars had more significant differences in plant growth, grain protein, starch, fructan, and macro and micro-nutrient content compared with susceptible wheat. Furthermore, changes in protein, starch, phosphorus, and magnesium content were correlated with the cultivar FHB resistance rating, with more FHB resistant cultivars having greater changes in nutrient content. This is the first report of a correlation between the degree of plant pathogen resistance and grain nutritional content loss in response to elevated CO2. Our results demonstrate the importance of identifying wheat cultivars that can maintain nutritional integrity and FHB resistance in future atmospheric CO2 conditions.

scholarly journals Agronomic evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) resistance in Italian durum wheat cultivars and screening of advanced lines MAS selected for FHB resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 0 (3(32)) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Г. Бентівенга ◽  
М. Камеріні ◽  
А. Белoччі ◽  
М. Форнара ◽  
С. Меллоні ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Agronomic Evaluation ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Molecular Mapping of QTL for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in a Doubled Haploid Population of Chinese Bread Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanwang Zhu ◽  
Xiaoting Xu ◽  
Luping Fu ◽  
Fengju Wang ◽  
Yachao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
Anther Extrusion ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide, particularly in China. To map genetic loci underlying FHB resistance, a doubled haploid (DH) population consisting of 174 lines was developed from a cross between widely grown Chinese cultivars Yangmai 16 and Zhongmai 895. The DH population and parents were evaluated in field nurseries at Wuhan in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 with both spray inoculation and natural infection, and at Jingzhou in 2017–2018 with grain-spawn inoculation. The DH lines were genotyped with a wheat 660K SNP array. FHB index, plant height, anther extrusion, and days to anthesis were recorded and used for QTL analysis. Seven QTL for FHB resistance were mapped to chromosome arms 3BL, 4AS, 4BS, 4DS, 5AL, 6AL, and 6BS, in at least two environments. QFhb.caas-4BS and QFhb.caas-4DS co-located with semi-dwarfing alleles Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, respectively, and were also associated with anther extrusion. The other five QTL were genetically independent of the agronomic traits, indicating their potential value in breeding for FHB resistance. Based on correlations between FHB indices and agronomic traits in this population, we concluded that increasing plant height to some extent would enhance FHB resistance, anther extrusion played a more important role in environments with less severe FHB, and days to anthesis was independent of FHB response when viewed across years. PCR-based markers were developed for the 3BL and 5AL QTL, which were detected in more than three environments. The InDel marker InDel_AX-89588684 for QFhb.caas-5AL was also validated on a wheat panel, confirming its effectiveness for marker-assisted breeding for improvement of FHB resistance.

Field resistance of Martonvásár winter wheat cultivars against Fusarium head blight

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Puskás ◽  
G. Vida ◽  
J. Komáromi ◽  
O. Veisz ◽  
Z. Bedő
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Fifty Triticum aestivum genotypes, including winter wheat cultivars from Martonvásár, were tested for fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance under artificially inoculated conditions. Field resistance, kernel infection, and the relative yield components (test weight, thousand kernel weight and kernel weight/heads) were examined following infection with Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum isolates. Using data from two years, a number of Martonvásár varieties with above-average resistance to FHB were identified. On the basis of field infection, AUDPC values close to those of resistance sources were calculated for the variety Mv Emese, while 67.5% of the varieties tested had values which did not differ significantly from those of the control variety Arina. The yield components examined were modified substantially by artificial FHB infection. The thousand kernel weight and test weight of the variety exhibiting the greatest degree of infection were only 21.14% and 25.58%, respectively, of the untreated control. In one case the decline in the kernel weight/head was more than 90%. The results of multivariable statistical analysis indicated that among the Hungarian wheat genotypes, Bánkúti 1201, B9086-95 (a line derived from Bánkúti 1201), Mv Emese, Martonvásári4 and Mv Táltos could be grouped with the best sources of resistance. The experimental data revealed wide genetic variability for FHB resistance in the Martonvásár breeding stock.

scholarly journals Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci, Fhb1, Fhb4, and Fhb5, in Modern Chinese Wheat Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiduo Zhang ◽  
Zibo Yang ◽  
Haicai Ma ◽  
Liying Huang ◽  
Feng Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Resistance Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Chinese Wheat

Wheat production is increasingly threatened by the fungal disease, Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium spp. The introduction of resistant varieties is considered to be an effective measure for containment of this disease. Mapping of FHB-resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) has promoted marker-assisted breeding for FHB resistance, which has been difficult through traditional breeding due to paucity of resistance genes and quantitative nature of the resistance. The lab of Ma previously cloned Fhb1, which inhibits FHB spread within spikes, and fine mapped Fhb4 and Fhb5, which condition resistance to initial infection of Fusarium spp., from FHB-resistant indigenous line Wangshuibai (WSB). In this study, these three QTLs were simultaneously introduced into five modern Chinese wheat cultivars or lines with different ecological adaptations through marker-assisted backcross in early generations. A total of 14 introgression lines were obtained. All these lines showed significantly improved resistance to the fungal infection and disease spread in 2-year field trials after artificial inoculation. In comparison with the respective recipient lines, the Fhb1, Fhb4, and Fhb5 pyramiding could reduce the disease severity by 95% and did not systematically affect plant height, productive tiller number, kernel number per spike, thousand grain weight, flowering time, and unit yield (without Fusarium inoculation). These results indicated the great value of FHB-resistance QTLs Fhb1, Fhb4, and Fhb5 derived from WSB, and the feasibility and effectiveness of early generation selection for FHB resistance solely based on linked molecular markers.

Fusarium Head Blight and Moniliformin Accumulation in Kernels of 18 Winter Wheat Cultivars Inoculated with Fusarium Avenaceum (3 Years Study)

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Goliński ◽  
Marian Kostecki ◽  
Przemysław Kaptur ◽  
Slawomir Wojciechowski ◽  
Zygmunt Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Screening of an EMS mutagenized population of a wheat cultivar susceptible to Fusarium head blight identifies resistant variants

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavit Chhabra ◽  
Lovepreet Singh ◽  
Sydney Wallace ◽  
Adam Schoen ◽  
Yanhong Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Mutant Lines

Fusarium head blight (FHB) primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum is a key disease of small grains. Diseased spikes show symptoms of premature bleaching shortly after infection and have aborted or shriveled seeds, resulting in reduced yields. The fungus also deteriorates quality and safety of the grain due to production of mycotoxins, especially deoxynivalenol (DON), which can result in grain being docked or rejected at the point of sale. Genetic host resistance to FHB is quantitative and no complete genetic resistance against this devastating disease is available. Alternative approaches to develop new sources of FHB resistance are needed. In this study, we performed extensive forward genetic screening of the M4 generation of an EMS induced mutagenized population of cultivar Jagger to isolate variants with FHB resistance. In field testing, 74 mutant lines were found to have resistance against FHB spread and 30 lines out of these also had low DON content. Subsequent testing over two years in controlled greenhouse conditions revealed ten M6 lines showing significantly lower FHB spread. Seven and six lines out of those 10 lines also had reduced DON content and lower FDKs, respectively. Future endeavors will include identification of the mutations that led to resistance in these variants.

scholarly journals Alien chromatin but not Fhb7 confers Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianrui Guo ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Jing Yuan ◽  
Mian Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Translocation Lines ◽  
High Level ◽  
Thinopyrum Elongatum

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, seriously threaten global wheat production. Three wheat-Th.elongatum FHB resistant translocation lines have been developed and used for breeding. Transcriptomic analysis identified a derivative glutathione S-transferase transcript T26102, which was homologous to Fhb7 and induced dramatically by Fusarium graminearum. Homologs of Fhb7 were detected in several genera in Triticeae, including Thinopyrum, Elymus, Leymus, Pseudoroegeria and Roegeria. Several wheat-Thinopyrum translocation lines carrying Fhb7 remain susceptible to FHB, and transgenic plants overexpressing the T26102 on different backgrounds did not improve the FHB resistance. Taken as a whole, we show the application of the chromatin derived from diploid Thinopyrum elongatum successfully conferring wheat with high level FHB resistance independent of the Fhb7.One Sentence SummaryThinopyrum elongatum chromatin from 7EL was successfully applied to wheat FHB resistance breeding, but the resistant gene other than the reported Fhb7 remained unknown.

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