Genetic Improvement in Yield, Yield Attributes and Leaf Rust Resistance in Semi-dwarf Wheat Varieties Developed in India from Last 40 Years

Among the factors which determine yield reliability an important role is played by disease resistance. One of the breeding aims in the Martonvásár institute is to develop wheat varieties with resistance to major diseases. The winter wheat varieties bred in Martonvásár are examined in artificially inoculated nurseries and greenhouses for resistance to economically important pathogens. The effectiveness of designated genes for resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust has been monitored over a period of several decades. None of the designated major resistance genes examined in greenhouse tests is able to provide complete resistance to powdery mildew; however, a number of leaf rust resistance genes provide full protection against pathogen attack (Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28 and Lr35). In the course of marker-assisted selection, efficient resistance genes (Lr9, Lr24, Lr25 and Lr29) have been incorporated into Martonvásár wheat varieties. The presence of Lr1, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr37 in the Martonvásár gene pool was identified using molecular markers. New sources carrying alien genetic material have been tested for powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance. Valuable Fusarium head blight resistance sources have been identified in populations of old Hungarian wheat varieties. Species causing leaf spots (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum) have gradually become more frequent over the last two decades. Tests on the resistance of the host plant were begun in Martonvásár four years ago and regular greenhouse tests on seedlings have also been initiated.

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Enhancement of leaf rust resistance of Siberian winter wheat varieties by marker-assisted selection

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1556/0806.45.2017.048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 621-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I.N. Leonova ◽

A.I. Stasyuk ◽

E.S. Skolotneva ◽

E.A. Salina

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

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GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN SOME WHEAT VARIETIES

Menoufia Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology ◽

10.21608/mjab.2020.172399 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 115-116

Author(s):

R. A. Eissa ◽

A. I. Fahmi ◽

A. M. EL-Zanaty ◽

W. M. El- Orabey

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Genetic Assessment

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GENETIC PREDICTION OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE THROUGH CROSSING BETWEEN TWO Lr,s AND FIVE EGYPTIAN WHEAT VARIETIES.

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology ◽

10.21608/jacb.2012.54978 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

pp. 233-246

Author(s):

I. A. M. Youssef ◽

M. S. Hamada

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Genetic Prediction

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Genotypic Diversity atLr10Locus for Leaf Rust Resistance in Various Hexaploid Wheat Varieties (Lines)

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2013.01983 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 1983

Author(s):

Shu-Xiao HAN ◽

Quan-Lan LIU ◽

Jie DONG ◽

Jian-Sheng CHEN ◽

Ji-Chun TIAN

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Hexaploid Wheat ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties

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GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN SOME WHEAT VARIETIES

Menoufia Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology ◽

10.21608/mjab.2020.138743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 115-116

Author(s):

R. A. Eissa ◽

A. I. Fahmi ◽

A. M. EL- Zanaty ◽

W. M. El- Orabey

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Genetic Assessment

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Incorporation of leaf rust resistance genes into winter wheat genotypes using marker-assisted selection

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.55.2007.2.2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 149-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Gál ◽

G. Vida ◽

A. Uhrin ◽

Z. Bedő ◽

O. Veisz

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Rust Resistance Genes ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The breeding and cultivation of resistant wheat varieties is an effective way of controlling leaf rust ( Puccinia triticina Eriks.). The use of molecular markers facilitates the incorporation of the major leaf rust resistance genes ( Lr genes) responsible for resistance into new varieties and the pyramiding of these genes. Marker-assisted selection was used to incorporate the Lr genes currently effective in Hungary ( Lr9 , Lr24 , Lr25 , Lr29 ) into winter wheat varieties. The Lr genes were identified using STS, SCAR and RAPD markers closely linked to them. Investigations were made on how these markers could be utilised in plant breeding, and near-isogenic lines resembling the recurrent variety but each containing a different Lr gene were developed to form the initial stock for the pyramiding of resistance genes. The results indicate that the marker-assisted selection technique elaborated for resistance genes Lr24 , Lr25 and Lr29 can be applied simply and effectively in wheat breeding, while the detection of the Lr9 marker is uncertain.

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Mining of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes Content in Egyptian Bread Wheat Collection

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1378

Author(s):

Mohamed A. M. Atia ◽

Eman A. El-Khateeb ◽

Reem M. Abd El-Maksoud ◽

Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid ◽

Arwa Salah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Lr Genes ◽

Slow Rusting

Wheat is a major nutritional cereal crop that has economic and strategic value worldwide. The sustainability of this extraordinary crop is facing critical challenges globally, particularly leaf rust disease, which causes endless problems for wheat farmers and countries and negatively affects humanity’s food security. Developing effective marker-assisted selection programs for leaf rust resistance in wheat mainly depends on the availability of deep mining of resistance genes within the germplasm collections. This is the first study that evaluated the leaf rust resistance of 50 Egyptian wheat varieties at the adult plant stage for two successive seasons and identified the absence/presence of 28 leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes within the studied wheat collection. The field evaluation results indicated that most of these varieties demonstrated high to moderate leaf rust resistance levels except Gemmeiza 1, Gemmeiza 9, Giza162, Giza 163, Giza 164, Giza 165, Sids 1, Sids 2, Sids 3, Sakha 62, Sakha 69, Sohag 3 and Bany Swif 4, which showed fast rusting behavior. On the other hand, out of these 28 Lr genes tested against the wheat collection, 21 Lr genes were successfully identified. Out of 15 Lr genes reported conferring the adult plant resistant or slow rusting behavior in wheat, only five genes (Lr13, Lr22a, Lr34, Lr37, and Lr67) were detected within the Egyptian collection. Remarkedly, the genes Lr13, Lr19, Lr20, Lr22a, Lr28, Lr29, Lr32, Lr34, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr60, were found to be the most predominant Lr genes across the 50 Egyptian wheat varieties. The molecular phylogeny results also inferred the same classification of field evaluation, through grouping genotypes characterized by high to moderate leaf rust resistance in one cluster while being highly susceptible in a separate cluster, with few exceptions.

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