Effectiveness of major resistance genes and identification of new sources for disease resistance in wheat

Among the factors which determine yield reliability an important role is played by disease resistance. One of the breeding aims in the Martonvásár institute is to develop wheat varieties with resistance to major diseases. The winter wheat varieties bred in Martonvásár are examined in artificially inoculated nurseries and greenhouses for resistance to economically important pathogens. The effectiveness of designated genes for resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust has been monitored over a period of several decades. None of the designated major resistance genes examined in greenhouse tests is able to provide complete resistance to powdery mildew; however, a number of leaf rust resistance genes provide full protection against pathogen attack (Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28 and Lr35). In the course of marker-assisted selection, efficient resistance genes (Lr9, Lr24, Lr25 and Lr29) have been incorporated into Martonvásár wheat varieties. The presence of Lr1, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr37 in the Martonvásár gene pool was identified using molecular markers. New sources carrying alien genetic material have been tested for powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance. Valuable Fusarium head blight resistance sources have been identified in populations of old Hungarian wheat varieties. Species causing leaf spots (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum) have gradually become more frequent over the last two decades. Tests on the resistance of the host plant were begun in Martonvásár four years ago and regular greenhouse tests on seedlings have also been initiated.

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Tracking of powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance genes in Triticum boeoticum and T. urartu, wild relatives of common wheat

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/127/2010-cjgpb ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 45-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N.A. Hovhannisyan ◽

M.E. Dulloo ◽

A.H. Yesayan ◽

H. Knüpffer ◽

A. Amri

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Diploid Species ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Gene Marker ◽

Sequence Tagged Sites ◽

A Genome ◽

Triticum Boeoticum

Wild Triticum and Aegilops species are increasingly used in wheat breeding programmes around the world as donors of genes conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as of genes that contribute to the improvement of grain quality. In the present study, thirty-nine accessions of diploid species with the A genome (Triticum boeoticum and T. urartu) were evaluated for the presence of the genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) using both inoculation tests and sequence tagged sites (STS) marker analyses in order to find correspondence between STS markers and resistance as a trait. The most resistant entries were T. boeoticum accessions. All the marked Lr and Pm resistance genes (Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, Lr10, Lr47, Lr25 and Lr28) were identified in the check T. aestivum cultivar Bezostaya 1. The resistance to powdery mildew in the material studied was conferred by the combination of the Pm1 gene with either Pm2 or Pm3. The Pm1 and Pm3 markers appeared to be suitable for tracking these powdery mildew resistance genes, while the Pm2 gene marker cannot be considered as usable in various genetically different wheat accessions. The presence of the genes Lr25, Lr28 and Lr47 seems to be particularly useful for obtaining leaf rust resistance in T. boeoticum and T. urartu species.  

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Mapping of powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance genes on the wheat-rye translocated chromosome T1BL.1RS using molecular and biochemical markers

Plant Breeding ◽

10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00444.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 119 (1) ◽

pp. 87-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

S. L. K. Hsam ◽

V. Mohler ◽

L. Hartl ◽

G. Wenzel ◽

F. J. Zeller

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Rust Resistance Genes ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

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Incorporation of leaf rust resistance genes into winter wheat genotypes using marker-assisted selection

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.55.2007.2.2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 149-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Gál ◽

G. Vida ◽

A. Uhrin ◽

Z. Bedő ◽

O. Veisz

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Rust Resistance Genes ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The breeding and cultivation of resistant wheat varieties is an effective way of controlling leaf rust ( Puccinia triticina Eriks.). The use of molecular markers facilitates the incorporation of the major leaf rust resistance genes ( Lr genes) responsible for resistance into new varieties and the pyramiding of these genes. Marker-assisted selection was used to incorporate the Lr genes currently effective in Hungary ( Lr9 , Lr24 , Lr25 , Lr29 ) into winter wheat varieties. The Lr genes were identified using STS, SCAR and RAPD markers closely linked to them. Investigations were made on how these markers could be utilised in plant breeding, and near-isogenic lines resembling the recurrent variety but each containing a different Lr gene were developed to form the initial stock for the pyramiding of resistance genes. The results indicate that the marker-assisted selection technique elaborated for resistance genes Lr24 , Lr25 and Lr29 can be applied simply and effectively in wheat breeding, while the detection of the Lr9 marker is uncertain.

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Mining of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes Content in Egyptian Bread Wheat Collection

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1378

Author(s):

Mohamed A. M. Atia ◽

Eman A. El-Khateeb ◽

Reem M. Abd El-Maksoud ◽

Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid ◽

Arwa Salah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Lr Genes ◽

Slow Rusting

Wheat is a major nutritional cereal crop that has economic and strategic value worldwide. The sustainability of this extraordinary crop is facing critical challenges globally, particularly leaf rust disease, which causes endless problems for wheat farmers and countries and negatively affects humanity’s food security. Developing effective marker-assisted selection programs for leaf rust resistance in wheat mainly depends on the availability of deep mining of resistance genes within the germplasm collections. This is the first study that evaluated the leaf rust resistance of 50 Egyptian wheat varieties at the adult plant stage for two successive seasons and identified the absence/presence of 28 leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes within the studied wheat collection. The field evaluation results indicated that most of these varieties demonstrated high to moderate leaf rust resistance levels except Gemmeiza 1, Gemmeiza 9, Giza162, Giza 163, Giza 164, Giza 165, Sids 1, Sids 2, Sids 3, Sakha 62, Sakha 69, Sohag 3 and Bany Swif 4, which showed fast rusting behavior. On the other hand, out of these 28 Lr genes tested against the wheat collection, 21 Lr genes were successfully identified. Out of 15 Lr genes reported conferring the adult plant resistant or slow rusting behavior in wheat, only five genes (Lr13, Lr22a, Lr34, Lr37, and Lr67) were detected within the Egyptian collection. Remarkedly, the genes Lr13, Lr19, Lr20, Lr22a, Lr28, Lr29, Lr32, Lr34, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr60, were found to be the most predominant Lr genes across the 50 Egyptian wheat varieties. The molecular phylogeny results also inferred the same classification of field evaluation, through grouping genotypes characterized by high to moderate leaf rust resistance in one cluster while being highly susceptible in a separate cluster, with few exceptions.

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Leaf rust resistance in common wheat varieties and lines from the collection of the Vavilov Plant Industry Institute carrying alien genetic material

Russian Journal of Genetics Applied Research ◽

10.1134/s2079059715030144 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 233-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. S. Sadovaya ◽

E. I. Gultyaeva ◽

O. P. Mitrofanova ◽

E. L. Shaidayuk ◽

A. G. Hakimova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Plant Industry ◽

Wheat Varieties

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Characterization of Nepalese Barley Gene Pool for Leaf Rust Resistance

Nepal Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/njb.v4i1.16341 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Resham Babu Amgai ◽

Sumitra Pantha ◽

Madan Raj Bhatta

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Gene Pool ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Hordei ◽

Rust Resistance Genes ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Barley (Hordeum vulagare L) is the major crop for the people living in the high hills and mountainous region of Nepal. Leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei) is one of the major production threats for barley cultivation. A lot of variation can be observed on Nepalese barley accessions with respect to leaf rust resistance characteristics. Two hundred and forty one barley accessions were screened for leaf rust resistance characteristics on heading stage at Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. Among them, one hundred and nine Nepalese barley accessions showing promising for disease resistance were screened using six SSR markers linked to leaf rust resistance genes. Bonus and Local Jau was used as the resistant and susceptible check respectively. Leaf rust resistance genes Rph1, Rph2, Rph3, Rph7, QBLR-P and QTL on chromosome 5HS were detected on Nepalese barley accessions using respective SSR markers. Eight Nepalese barley accessions showed presence of three and more leaf rust resistant genes. The poor relationship between the field disease resistance and molecular markers linked with specific leaf rust resistance gene proved that Nepalese barley gene pool contains other leaf resistance genes.

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