Biochemical Screening of Some Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 1009-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Jharna . ◽  
B.L.D. Chowdhury . ◽  
M.A. Haque . ◽  
M.R.H. Bhuiyan . ◽  
M.M. Husain .
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Biochemical Screening ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Screening for Drought Tolerance through Root Morphology and Yield Characters of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
K. Manoj Kumar ◽  
S. Vincent ◽  
A. Mothilal ◽  
M. Raveendran ◽  
R. Anandham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Trait ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Yield Character

Drought affects the rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)  at different phases of development and it is the serious threats on groundnut productivity causing losses than any other abiotic factor under rainfed agriculture. In the world's semiarid regions, groundnut accounts for 90% of worldwide production. Drought mainly affects the pace and pattern of nutrient and water intake from the soil, affecting the architecture of the groundnut root system. Plant selections with desirable root trait have been a major focus in developing drought resistant Groundnut cultivars. In 2019, 60 groundnut genotypes were cultivated in root block design with two different soil water treatments, as well as in the field during the year under same circumstances. The purpose of this study was to see how different groundnut cultivars fared in terms of yield, yield contributing features, root characters, and their relationships with drought tolerance. Drought resistant genotypes had thicker roots, larger roots, and a deeper root system than susceptible genotypes. Recent series in groundnut genotypes of 60 numbers were sown during kharif 2019 (july-september) under rainfed condition (It includes life irrigation and rainfall received during cropping season). Groundnut genotypes were semi spreading with the duration of 110-120 days. Observation on root morphological character viz., roots length, root volume after 20 days of stress imposition of the crop and yield parameters were observed at the harvest. Among the 60 genotypes, 20 genotypes (VG 17008, VG 17046, VG 18005, VG 18102, VG 18077, VG 19572, VG 19709, VG 18111, VG19561, VG19576, VG 19620, VG 19681, VG 19688 etc.,) similarly, yield character were observed for 60 genotypes and all the genotypes given above recorded higher value in Total number of pods per plant, Number of double seeded pods per plant, Pod yield per plant, Harvest index and Total dry matter production. The methods used in this study identified correlation between yield character and root characters. Groundnut genotypes by assessing yield metrics and their relationship with root trait. These findings lay the groundwork for future study aimed at deciphering the molecular pathways underpinning Groundnut drought resistance.

scholarly journals Combination of Disease Resistance, Drought Tolerance, and Dollar Value among Runner and Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars in Georgia.

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
S. M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

ABSTRACT With increasing production cost, southeast U.S. peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growers are continually seeking to lower inputs to enhance economical return and sustainability of their farming operation. Utilization of peanut cultivars with the best combination of disease resistance, drought tolerance, and greatest dollar value return would be beneficial. Fifteen peanut cultivars were evaluated for 5-years (2011–15) and seventeen cultivars were evaluated for 4-years (2012–15) with minimum inputs and without irrigation at two locations in Georgia. Each year, minimum inputs for disease control included only three fungicide sprays at recommended rates on a 28 d schedule beginning 37 d after planting. No insecticide, nematocides, miticides, or irrigation were applied during the growing seasons each year. ‘Georgia-06G', ‘Georgia-12Y', ‘Georgia-13M', ‘Georgia-14N', and Florida-EP ‘113’ had the lowest TSWV and total disease incidence (disease resistance) among the ten runner-type cultivars for both Georgia locations; whereas, ‘Bailey', ‘Georgia-08V', and ‘Georgia-11J' had the least disease incidence among the five virginia-type cultivars. Similarly, Georgia-13M, Georgia-06G, and Georgia-12Y had the greatest gross dollar value return per hectare (drought tolerance) among the runner-types; whereas, Georgia-08V and Georgia-11J had the greatest dollar values per hectare among the virginia-type cultivars at both Georgia locations in this four and five-year study, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis of genes involved in the drought stress response of two peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunji Jiang ◽  
Xinlin Li ◽  
Jixiang Zou ◽  
Jingyao Ren ◽  
Chunyi Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes

Abstract Background The peanut is one of the most important oil crops worldwide. Qualities and yields of peanut can be dramatically diminished by abiotic stresses particularly by drought. Therefore, it would be beneficial to gain a comprehensive understanding on peanut drought-responsive transcriptional regulatory activities, and hopefully to extract critical drought-tolerance-related molecular mechanism from it. Results In this study, two peanut Arachis hypogaea L. varieties, NH5 (tolerant) and FH18 (sensitive), which show significantly differential drought tolerance, were screened from 23 main commercial peanut cultivars and used for physiological characterization and transcriptomic analysis. NH5 leaves showed higher water and GSH contents, faster stomatal closure, and lower relative conductivity (REC) than FH18. Under the time-course of drought-treatments 0 h (CK), 4 h (DT1), 8 h (DT2) and 24 h (DT3), the number of down-regulated differential expressed genes (DEGs) increased with the progression of treatments indicating repressive impacts on transcriptomes by drought in both peanut varieties. Conclusions Nevertheless, NH5 maintained more stable transcriptomic dynamics than FH18. Furthermore, annotations of identified DEGs implicate signal transduction, the elimination of reactive oxygen species, and the maintenance of cell osmotic potential which are key drought-tolerance-related pathways. Finally, evidences from the examination of ABA and SA components suggested that the fast stomatal closure in NH5 was likely mediated through SA rather than ABA signaling. In all, these results have provided us a comprehensive overview of peanut drought-responsive transcriptomic changes, which could serve as solid foundation for further identification of the molecular drought-tolerance mechanism in peanut and other oil crops.

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