The effect of chronic middle ear inflammation on the development of the mastoid air cell system. An experimental study.

It has been demonstrated that in most ears with middle ear effusion the mastoid air cells may be involved as well. The mucosal changes and the secretion extends into all cavities of the ear including the mastoid air cells. In most ears insertion of a ventilating tube through the tympanic membrane is adequate for proper aeration of the middle ear as well as of the mastoid air cell system. The draining usually stops and the mucosa gradually changes into its normal condition. In a small percentage of these, the ear will continue to drain and the mastoid will not clear up. Antibiotics and decongestants fail to cure the ear. Surgical intervention of the mastoid may be indicated in the rare cases where conventional treatment fails to control the condition. The aim of this report is to 1) focus attention to the fact that the mastoid is an integral part of the middle ear cavity; 2) discuss the pathogenesis in stubborn ears with middle ear effusion; and 3) demonstrate the surgical procedure commonly used in our department in order to reestablish aeration of the mastoid air cell system. Early recognition and proper treatment of ears with middle ear effusion will hopefully reduce the incidence of stubborn cases and also decrease the number of those cases which end up with chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. It is hoped that the screening programs involving school and even preschool children, as well as new preventative programs, will diminish the frequency of cases which need extensive surgery as discussed in this paper.

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE ELECTRIC COCHLEAR RESPONSE AS AFFECTED BY THE APPLICATION OF POSITIVE PRESSURE IN THE MIDDLE EAR CAVITY, AS WELL AS A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RESPONSES TO POSITIVE AND ENGATIVE PRESSURES

Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho ◽

10.3950/jibiinkoka.56.260 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 260-263

Author(s):

T. MIZUKO

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Positive Pressure

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Myringosclerosis Caused by Increased Oxygen Concentration in Traumatized Tympanic Membranes Experimental Study

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949510400807 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 104 (8) ◽

pp. 625-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Cecilia Mattsson ◽

Karin Magnuson ◽

Sten Hellström

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Oxygen Concentration ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Oxygen Radicals ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Fourth Group ◽

Oxygen Concentrations ◽

Tympanic Membranes

The purpose of this study was to elucidate possible relationships between the oxygen concentration of the middle ear cavity and the development of myringosclerosis. Three groups of rats with myringotomized tympanic membranes were exposed to different oxygen concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 40%, respectively, for 1 week. A fourth group was kept in ambient air. Two other groups of rats with myringotomized and intubated tympanic membranes were exposed to oxygen concentrations of 10% and 40%, respectively, for the same period of time. Otomicroscopically, all hyperoxic animals had more numerous myringosclerotic lesions compared with the ambient air group, and also displayed a pronounced hyperplasia of the keratinizing epithelium around the perforation border. By contrast, the hypoxic animals showed less pronounced myringosclerotic lesions or even completely lacked them. It is inferred that an increased oxygen concentration in the middle ear cavity will increase the likelihood of myringosclerotic deposits. The mechanism involved could be related to the formation of oxygen radicals.

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Experimental study for clinical application of the external and middle ear modifications.

Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica ◽

10.5631/jibirin.80.139 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 139-147

Author(s):

Kiyofumi Gyo ◽

Richard L. Goode ◽

Craig Miller

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Middle Ear

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The Petromastoid Canal

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948309200621 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 640-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bruce Proctor

Keyword(s):

Blood Vessels ◽

Posterior Fossa ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Cell System ◽

Facial Canal ◽

Bony Labyrinth ◽

Middle Ear Cleft ◽

Petromastoid Canal

The embryology and anatomy of the petromastoid canal is reviewed. This structure may be responsible for the passage of some infections of the middle ear cleft into the posterior fossa. It also transmits important blood vessels to a portion of the bony labyrinth, to the facial canal, and to the mucosa of the mastoid air cell system.

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