High-resolution imaging of basin-bounding normal faults in the Southern Apennines seismic belt (Italy) by traveltime and frequency-domain full-waveform tomography

Author(s):  
L. Improta ◽  
S. Operto ◽  
C. Piromallo ◽  
L. Valoroso

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-kai Deng ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Hai-ming Qi ◽  
Hui-fang Zheng ◽  
Ya-dong Liu


2020 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Arturo Villegas ◽  
Juan P. Torres

Quantum estimation theory provides bounds for the precision in the estimation of a set of parameters that characterize a system. Two questions naturally arise: Is any of these bounds tight? And if this is the case, what type of measurements can attain such a limit? In this work we show that for phase objects, it is possible to find a tight resolution bound. Moreover one can find a set of spatial modes whose detection provides an optimal estimation of the complete set of parameters for which we propose a homodyne detection scheme. We call this method spatial spectroscopy since it mimics in the spatial domain what conventional spectroscopy methods do in the frequency domain employing many frequencies (hyperspectral imaging).



2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Alcudia-Leon ◽  
Armando Sosa ◽  
Siriram Arasanipalai ◽  
Bruno Virlouvet ◽  
Hermann Lebit




2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 792-810
Author(s):  
Tianci Cui ◽  
James Rickett ◽  
Ivan Vasconcelos ◽  
Ben Veitch

SUMMARY Full-waveform inversion (FWI) has demonstrated increasing success in estimating medium properties, but its computational cost still poses challenges in moving towards high-resolution imaging of targets at depth. Here, we propose a target-oriented FWI method that inverts for the medium parameters confined within an arbitrary region of interest. Our method is novel in terms of both local wavefield modelling and data redatuming, in order to build a target-oriented objective function which is sensitive to the target medium only without further assumptions about the medium outside. Based on the convolution-type representation theorem, our local forward modelling operator propagates wavefields within the target medium only while providing full acoustic coupling between the target medium and the surrounding geology. A key requirement of our local FWI method is that the subsurface wavefields surrounding and inside the target be as accurate as possible. As such, the subsurface wavefields are retrieved by the Marchenko method, which can redatum the single-sided surface reflection data to the target zone while preserving both primary and multiple reflections, with minimal a priori knowledge of the full-domain medium. Given a sufficiently accurate initial velocity macromodel, our numerical examples show that our local FWI method resolves the reservoir zone of a 2-D Barrett Unconventional P-wave velocity model much more efficiently than the conventional full-domain FWI without significantly sacrificing accuracy. Our method may further enable FWI approaches to high-resolution imaging of subsurface targets.



Author(s):  
J.M. Cowley

By extrapolation of past experience, it would seem that the future of ultra-high resolution electron microscopy rests with the advances of electron optical engineering that are improving the instrumental stability of high voltage microscopes to achieve the theoretical resolutions of 1Å or better at 1MeV or higher energies. While these high voltage instruments will undoubtedly produce valuable results on chosen specimens, their general applicability has been questioned on the basis of the excessive radiation damage effects which may significantly modify the detailed structures of crystal defects within even the most radiation resistant materials in a period of a few seconds. Other considerations such as those of cost and convenience of use add to the inducement to consider seriously the possibilities for alternative approaches to the achievement of comparable resolutions.



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