scholarly journals Regional Scale Mapping of Debris-Flow Susceptibility in the Southern French Alps

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Bertrand ◽  
Frédéric Liébault ◽  
Hervé Piégay
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
French Alps ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

Exploring the impact of introducing a physical model into statistical methods on the evaluation of regional scale debris flow susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 881-912
Author(s):  
Jingbo Sun ◽  
Shengwu Qin ◽  
Shuangshuang Qiao ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Gang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

Debris-flow susceptibility assessment at regional scale: Validation on an alpine environment

Landslides ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bregoli ◽  
Vicente Medina ◽  
Guillaume Chevalier ◽  
Marcel Hürlimann ◽  
Allen Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Susceptibility Assessment ◽  
Alpine Environment ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

Why are some alpine catchments debris-flow active and others not? - the influence of geomorphology on debris-flow initiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Aigner ◽  
Leonard Sklar ◽  
Markus Hrachowitz ◽  
Roland Kaitna
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Alpine Catchments ◽  
Flow Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

<p>Processes like flash floods or debris flows, which typically occur in small headwater catchments, represent a substantial natural hazard in alpine regions. Due to the entrainment of sediment, the discharge of debris flows can be up to an order of magnitude larger compared to 100-year fluvial flood events in the same channel, which poses a great threat to affected communities. Besides the triggering rainfall, the initiation of debris flows depends on the watershed’s hydrological and geomorphological susceptibility, which makes it hard to predict and understand where and when debris flows occur.</p><p>In this study we aim to quantify the influence of geomorphologic characteristics and long-term sediment dynamics on debris flow activity in the Austrian Alps. Based on a database of debris-flow events within the last 60+ years, a geomorphological assessment of active and non-active sub-catchments in different study regions is carried out. In a first step, we derive geomorphological characteristics, such as terrain roughness, Melton number as well as weathering potential of geological units found within the watersheds. Based on the findings of the terrain shape analysis, a set of representative watersheds will be selected for systematic monitoring of surface elevation changes over the project period of three years. This will be achieved by comparing digital surface models based on photogrammetric UAV surveys and monitoring of channel reaches with cameras.</p><p>In order to project these findings onto a larger regional scale, the derived terrain parameters will be used to integrate and extend a previously designed hydro-meteorological debris-flow susceptibility model (Prenner et al., 2018) with a sediment-disposition-model. This will form the basis for an advanced debris flow forecasting tool and help to better assess the impact of climate change on the magnitude and frequency of future debris flows.</p><p> </p><div><span>References:</span></div><div><span>Prenner, D.</span>, <span>Kaitna, R.</span>, <span>Mostbauer, K.</span>, & <span>Hrachowitz, M.</span> ( <span>2018</span>). <span>The value of using multiple hydrometeorological variables to predict temporal debris flow susceptibility in an Alpine environment</span>. <em>Water Resources Research</em>, <span>54</span>, <span>6822</span>– <span>6843</span>. </div><p> </p>

AN EVALUATION OF POST-WILDFIRE DEBRIS FLOW SUSCEPTIBILITY AND HAZARD MODELS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Carey ◽  
◽  
Nicholas Pinter ◽  
Andrew L. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Hazard Models ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

scholarly journals Debris-flow susceptibility assessment through cellular automata modeling: an example from 15–16 December 1999 disaster at Cervinara and San Martino Valle Caudina (Campania, southern Italy)

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Iovine ◽  
S. Di Gregorio ◽  
V. Lupiano
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Debris Flow Susceptibility

Abstract. On 15–16 December 1999, heavy rainfall severely stroke Campania region (southern Italy), triggering numerous debris flows on the slopes of the San Martino Valle Caudina-Cervinara area. Soil slips originated within the weathered volcaniclastic mantle of soil cover overlying the carbonate skeleton of the massif. Debris slides turned into fast flowing mixtures of matrix and large blocks, downslope eroding the soil cover and increasing their original volume. At the base of the slopes, debris flows impacted on the urban areas, causing victims and severe destruction (Vittori et al., 2000). Starting from a recent study on landslide risk conditions in Campania, carried out by the Regional Authority (PAI –Hydrogeological setting plan, in press), an evaluation of the debris-flow susceptibility has been performed for selected areas of the above mentioned villages. According to that study, such zones would be in fact characterised by the highest risk levels within the administrative boundaries of the same villages ("HR-zones"). Our susceptibility analysis has been performed by applying SCIDDICA S3–hex – a hexagonal Cellular Automata model (von Neumann, 1966), specifically developed for simulating the spatial evolution of debris flows (Iovine et al., 2002). In order to apply the model to a given study area, detailed topographic data and a map of the erodable soil cover overlying the bedrock of the massif must be provided (as input matrices); moreover, extent and location of landslide source must also be given. Real landslides, selected among those triggered on winter 1999, have first been utilised for calibrating SCIDDICA S3–hex and for defining "optimal" values for parameters. Calibration has been carried out with a GIS tool, by quantitatively comparing simulations with actual cases: optimal values correspond to best simulations. Through geological evaluations, source locations of new phenomena have then been hypothesised within the HR-zones. Initial volume for these new cases has been estimated by considering the actual statistics of the 1999 landslides. Finally, by merging the results of simulations, a deterministic susceptibility zonation of the considered area has been obtained. In this paper, aiming at illustrating the potential for debris-flow hazard analyses of the model SCIDDICA S3–hex, a methodological example of susceptibility zonation of the Vallicelle HR-zone is presented.

scholarly journals The temporally varying roles of rainfall, snowmelt and soil moisture for debris flow initiation in a snow-dominated system

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3493-3513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Mostbauer ◽  
Roland Kaitna ◽  
David Prenner ◽  
Markus Hrachowitz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Antecedent Soil Moisture ◽  
Trigger Mechanisms ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

Abstract. Debris flows represent frequent hazards in mountain regions. Though significant effort has been made to predict such events, the trigger conditions as well as the hydrologic disposition of a watershed at the time of debris flow occurrence are not well understood. Traditional intensity-duration threshold techniques to establish trigger conditions generally do not account for distinct influences of rainfall, snowmelt, and antecedent moisture. To improve our knowledge on the connection between debris flow initiation and the hydrologic system at a regional scale, this study explores the use of a semi-distributed conceptual rainfall–runoff model, linking different system variables such as soil moisture, snowmelt, or runoff with documented debris flow events in the inner Pitztal watershed, Austria. The model was run on a daily basis between 1953 and 2012. Analysing a range of modelled system state and flux variables at days on which debris flows occurred, three distinct dominant trigger mechanisms could be clearly identified. While the results suggest that for 68 % (17 out of 25) of the observed debris flow events during the study period high-intensity rainfall was the dominant trigger, snowmelt was identified as the dominant trigger for 24 % (6 out of 25) of the observed debris flow events. In addition, 8 % (2 out of 25) of the debris flow events could be attributed to the combined effects of low-intensity, long-lasting rainfall and transient storage of this water, causing elevated antecedent soil moisture conditions. The results also suggest a relatively clear temporal separation between the distinct trigger mechanisms, with high-intensity rainfall as a trigger being limited to mid- and late summer. The dominant trigger in late spring/early summer is snowmelt. Based on the discrimination between different modelled system states and fluxes and, more specifically, their temporally varying importance relative to each other, this exploratory study demonstrates that already the use of a relatively simple hydrological model can prove useful to gain some more insight into the importance of distinct debris flow trigger mechanisms. This highlights in particular the relevance of snowmelt contributions and the switch between mechanisms during early to mid-summer in snow-dominated systems.

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