Adhesion, Signaling and Cancer: Part 3: Focal Adhesions as Stress Sensors (30:57)

SciVee ◽  
2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
As Stress

scholarly journals Effect of Cyclic Stretch on Neuron Reorientation and Axon Outgrowth

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Lin ◽  
Xiaokeng Li ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
Jin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Stress Fiber ◽  
Cyclic Stretch ◽  
Axon Outgrowth ◽  
Amplitude Dependence ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Axon Elongation ◽  
As Stress

The directional alignment and outgrowth of neurons is a critical step of nerve regeneration and functional recovery of nerve systems, where neurons are exposed to a complex mechanical environment with subcellular structures such as stress fibers and focal adhesions acting as the key mechanical transducer. In this paper, we investigate the effects of cyclic stretch on neuron reorientation and axon outgrowth with a feasible stretching device that controls stretching amplitude and frequency. Statistical results indicate an evident frequency and amplitude dependence of neuron reorientation, that is, neurons tend to align away from stretch direction when stretching amplitude and frequency are large enough. On the other hand, axon elongation under cyclic stretch is very close to the reference case where neurons are not stretched. A mechanochemical framework is proposed by connecting the evolution of cellular configuration to the microscopic dynamics of subcellular structures, including stress fiber, focal adhesion, and microtubule, yielding theoretical predictions that are consistent with the experimental observations. The theoretical work provides an explanation of the neuron’s mechanical response to cyclic stretch, suggesting that the contraction force generated by stress fiber plays an essential role in both neuron reorientation and axon elongation. This combined experimental and theoretical study on stretch-induced neuron reorientation may have potential applications in neurodevelopment and neuron regeneration.

Precursors of thymic peptides as stress sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1461-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Lunin ◽  
Maxim Khrenov ◽  
Olga Glushkova ◽  
Svetlana Parfenyuk ◽  
Tatyana Novoselova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Thymic Peptides ◽  
As Stress

scholarly journals Dielectric and Electrical Properties of WS2 Nanotubes/Epoxy Composites and Their Use for Stress Monitoring of Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sedova ◽  
S. Khodorov ◽  
D. Ehre ◽  
B. Achrai ◽  
H. D. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Stress Monitoring ◽  
Strain Measurements ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
As Stress

The dielectric and electrical characteristics of the semiconductive WS2 nanotubes/epoxy composites were studied as a function of the nanotubes concentration and the pressure applied during their molding. In addition, the ability of WS2 nanotubes to serve as stress sensors in epoxy based nanocomposites, for health-monitoring applications, was studied. The nanocomposite elements were loaded in three-point bending configuration. The direct current was monitored simultaneously with stress-strain measurements. It was found that, in nanocomposites, above the percolation concentrations of the nanotubes, the electrical conductivity increases considerably with the applied load and hence WS2 nanotubes can be potentially used as sensors for health monitoring of structural components.

Membranes as stress sensors fine-tune the stress protein expression

2008 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. S18
Author(s):  
Laszlo Vigh ◽  
Zsolt Torok ◽  
Gabor Balogh ◽  
Eniko Nagy ◽  
Imre Gombos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Fine Tune

On the Study of Piezoresistive Stress Sensors for Microelectronic Packaging

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben-Je Lwo ◽  
Ching-Hsing Kao ◽  
Tung-Sheng Chen ◽  
Yao-Shing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Input Power ◽  
Microelectronic Packaging ◽  
Piezoresistive Sensors ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Study Test ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Test Chips ◽  
P Type

Stress measurements in microelectronic packaging through piezoresistive sensors take the advantage of both in-situ and nondestructive. In this study, test chips with both p-type and n-type piezoresistive stress sensors, as well as a heat source, were first designed, then manufactured by a commercialized foundry so that the uniformity of the test chips was expected. Both temperature and stress calibrations were next performed through a special designed MQFP (Metal Quad Flat Package) and four-point bending (4PB) structure, respectively. Measurements of stresses which are produced due to both manufacturing process and thermal effects on the test chips were finally executed, and approximately linear relationships were observed between stress and temperature as well as stress and input power. It is concluded that n-type piezoresistive stress sensors are able to extract stress in microelectronic packaging with good accuracy.

An engineer's introduction to mechanophores

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (27) ◽  
pp. 6230-6252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Deneke ◽  
Mitchell L. Rencheck ◽  
Chelsea S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Scientific Advances

Mechanophores are force-responsive molecules that have the potential to serve as stress sensors in various material systems. This review discusses recent scientific advances and critical challenges facing engineers regarding implementation of mechanophores in polymeric materials.

scholarly journals Rho-stimulated contractility drives the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions.

1996 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chrzanowska-Wodnicka ◽  
K Burridge
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Myosin Light Chain ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Stress Fibers ◽  
Quiescent Cells ◽  
Gtp Binding ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Stimulation Of

Activated rhoA, a ras-related GTP-binding protein, stimulates the appearance of stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation in quiescent cells (Ridley, A.J., and A. Hall, 1992. Cell. 70:389-399). The pathway by which rho triggers these events has not been elucidated. Many of the agents that activate rho (e.g., vasopressin, endothelin, lysophosphatidic acid) stimulate the contractility of smooth muscle and other cells. We have investigated whether rho's induction of stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation is the result of its stimulation of contractility. We demonstrate that stimulation of fibroblasts with lysophosphatidic acid, which activates rho, induces myosin light chain phosphorylation. This precedes the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions and is accompanied by increased contractility. Inhibition of contractility by several different mechanisms leads to inhibition of rho-induced stress fibers, focal adhesions, and tyrosine phosphorylation. In addition, when contractility is inhibited, integrins disperse from focal adhesions as stress fibers and focal adhesions disassemble. Conversely, upon stimulation of contractility, diffusely distributed integrins are aggregated into focal adhesions. These results suggest that activated rho stimulates contractility, driving the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions and elevating tyrosine phosphorylation. A model is proposed to account for how contractility could promote these events.

Microfabricated shear stress sensors. I - Design and fabrication

AIAA Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Tao Pan ◽  
Daniel Hyman ◽  
Mehran Mehregany ◽  
Eli Reshotko ◽  
Steven Garverick
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Shear Stress Sensors

FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Gaurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ashmita Dhakal ◽  
Saurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ananta Dhakal ◽  
Rakshya Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
New Development ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Stable Yield ◽  
As Stress

Modern biotechnology enables an organism to produce a totally new product which the organism does not or cannot produce normally through the incorporation of the technology of ‘Genetic engineering’. Biotechnology shows its technical merits and new development prospects in breeding of new plants varieties with high and stable yield, good quality, as well as stress tolerance and resistance. Some of the most prevailing problems faced in agricultural ecosystems could be solved with the introduction of transgenic crops incorporated with traits for insect pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and resistance to viral diseases. Plant biotechnology has gained importance in the recent past for increasing the quality and quantity of agricultural, horticultural, ornamental plants, and in manipulating the plants for improved agronomic performance. Recent developments in the genome sequencing will have far reaching implications for future agriculture. From this study, we can know that the developing world adopts these fast-changing technologies soon and harness their unprecedented potential for the future benefit of human being.

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