Network Design and Performance Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture

2015 ◽  
pp. 56-82
Author(s):  
Herman S Sahota ◽  
Ratnesh Kumar ◽  
Ahmed E Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Network Layer ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Multiple Power ◽  
And Performance

This chapter explores the design of wireless sensor networks for applications in precision agriculture. A short review of developments in precision agriculture and recent applications of wireless sensor networks in the area is presented. The authors present their design of medium access control and network layer protocols exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with the design of such a networked system. The physical layer in their network allows multiple power modes in both receive and transmit operations. The MAC layer employs these multiple power modes to implement a novel wake-up synchronization mechanism to reduce the energy overhead. The network layer ensures reliable collection of data while balancing the energy consumption among the nodes. Finally, the authors present an analytical approach to model the behavior of the MAC protocol developed and compare it against the duty-cycle based S-MAC protocol. The results are also confirmed using simulations.

Location-Based Medium Access Control Protocol for Data Intensive Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Guo Yan Yang ◽  
Xin Guan ◽  
Yan Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Medium Access Control Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Access Protocol ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Performance

The traditional CSMA MAC node simply blocks its transmission if the medium is sensed to be busy. Thus, it is inefficient in terms of the network throughput due to overcautious estimation of the interference. In this paper, we propose a novel location-aware medium access protocol for data intensive wireless sensor networks. In this protocol, the contending nodes make use of their location information to achieve the concurrent transmission of exposed terminal so as to reduce collisions and improve the overall performance. We evaluate it in terms of delay and throughput and compare it with S-AMC using simulations. Results show that the proposed MAC protocol can take advantage of the location distribution of nodes to improve the average throughput of the network, reducing data transmission delay, and effectively improving the efficiency and performance in data intensive wireless sensor networks compared to S-AMC.

scholarly journals Minimizing the Adverse Effects of Asymmetric Links: A Novel Cooperative Asynchronous MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahedee Hasan ◽  
Amit Karmaker ◽  
Mohammad Shah Alam ◽  
Andrew Craig
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Link Asymmetry ◽  
Asymmetric Link ◽  
Asymmetric Links

As Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) grow in popularity, researchers are now focusing more on some challenging issues that significantly degrade overall performance, such as energy hole mitigation, link asymmetry minimization, etc. Link asymmetry is a problem that arises when the coverage distance between two adjacent nodes varies. It creates an obstacle to overcome when designing an efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for WSNs with low duty-cycling. This phenomenon poses an especially difficult challenge for receiver-initiated asynchronous MAC protocols, which are popular due to their relatively higher energy efficiency. Exploiting the benefits of cooperative communication has emerged as one of the viable solutions to overcome this limitation. Cooperative communication in WSNs has received a lot of attention in recent years. Many researchers have worked to create a MAC layer supporting cooperative communication. However, the association of cooperative communication with an asymmetric link is not studied in the literature. In this research work, COASYM-MAC, a cooperative asynchronous MAC protocol for WSNs, is proposed based on a receiver-initiated MAC protocol that uses the fact that nodes have alternate paths between them to reduce link asymmetry. A key feature of the proposed protocol is that the optimal helper node is selected automatically in case of link asymmetry. Simulations exhibited that COASYM-MAC performs significantly better than a state-of-the-art MAC protocol for WSNs that handles asymmetric links, ASYM-MAC.

A Low Power IoT Medium Access Control for Receiver-Assigned CDMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric E. Petrosky ◽  
Alan J. Michaels ◽  
Joseph M. Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Cdma Networks

Low power, low cost, and security-conscious wireless sensor networks are becoming increasingly pervasive in the internet of things (IoT). In these networks, receiver-assigned code division multiple access (RA-CDMA) offers benefits over existing multiple access techniques. RA-CDMA networks are asynchronous, robust against multipath interference, and offer resilience against collision. A lightweight medium access control (MAC) protocol is needed to facilitate communication in RA-CDMA networks between low power sensor nodes and access points. This article provides an overview of RA-CDMA and proposes elements of a new MAC protocol that could improve performance of certain wireless sensor networks. Key features of the proposed MAC design are introduced and compared to those of existing protocols, highlighting its simple and lightweight design. Through its compatibility with RA-CDMA, the MAC design eliminates significant overhead and complexity while meeting requirements for low power networks, which enables the implementation of dense IoT sensor networks.

Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 367-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardeep Kumar ◽  
Mesut Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Basic Network

This chapter provides an overall understanding of the design aspects of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). A WSN MAC protocol shares the wireless broadcast medium among sensor nodes and creates a basic network infrastructure for them to communicate with each other. The MAC protocol also has a direct influence on the network lifetime of WSNs as it controls the activities of the radio, which is the most power-consuming component of resource-scarce sensor nodes. In this chapter, the authors first discuss the basics of MAC design for WSNs and present a set of important MAC attributes. Subsequently, authors discuss the main categories of MAC protocols proposed for WSNs and highlight their strong and weak points. After briefly outlining different MAC protocols falling in each category, the authors provide a substantial comparison of these protocols for several parameters. Lastly, the chapter discusses future research directions on open issues in this field that have mostly been overlooked.

MAC Protocol for CRSN

2014 ◽  
pp. 74-98
Author(s):  
Amna Jamal ◽  
Chen-Khong Tham ◽  
Wai-Choong Wong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Cognitive Radio Sensor Network ◽  
Efficient Communication ◽  
Comparative Results

Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has gained popularity in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) because of scarcity caused by the increase in number of wireless devices and service, and it provides spectrum-efficient communication for the resource constrained WSNs. However, appropriate protocols have to be devised to satisfy the requirements of both WSNs and CRs and to enjoy the benefits of cognition in sensor networks. In this chapter, the authors review the existing schemes for wired, wireless, and cognitive radio networks. In addition, they propose a novel energy-efficient and spectrum-aware Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for the cognitive radio sensor network. The authors design a spectrum-aware asynchronous duty cycle approach that caters to the requirements of both the domains. The performance of the proposed MAC is evaluated via simulations. Performance evaluations are also compared with MCMAC, a multi-channel MAC for WSNs. The comparative results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the multi-channel scheme for WSN.

scholarly journals Network-Coding-Based Cooperative ARQ Medium Access Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 601321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Antonopoulos ◽  
Christos Verikoukis
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Network Coding ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Medium Access Control Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access

We introduce a novel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for Automatic Repeat reQuest-based (ARQ-based) cooperative wireless sensor networks. Using network coding techniques, we achieve a better network performance in terms of energy efficiency without compromising the offered Quality of Service (QoS). The proposed solution is compared to other cooperative schemes, while analytical and simulation results are provided to evaluate our protocol.

scholarly journals A Novel Synchronous MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Performance Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasan Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Sudhir Ranjan Pattanaik ◽  
Shih-Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Free Data

Synchronous medium access control (MAC) protocols are highly essential for wireless sensor networks (WSN) to support transmissions with energy saving, quality services, and throughput in industrial, commercial and healthcare applications. In this paper, a synchronous channel access mechanism is designed, where sensors can reserve the contention free data transmission slots in different available channels. To reduce the delay of data transmission among the nodes in the mesh topology, a linear programming problem (LPP) model is designed to select suitable relay nodes. Moreover, the performance of the proposed MAC is analyzed and our models are validated with simulation and analytical results. The results show that our proposed MAC protocol outperforms the IEEE 802.15.4e MAC mechanism in terms of throughput, reliability, delay, energy, packet drop rate and transmission success rate.

Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 947-974
Author(s):  
Pardeep Kumar ◽  
Mesut Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Basic Network

This chapter provides an overall understanding of the design aspects of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). A WSN MAC protocol shares the wireless broadcast medium among sensor nodes and creates a basic network infrastructure for them to communicate with each other. The MAC protocol also has a direct influence on the network lifetime of WSNs as it controls the activities of the radio, which is the most power-consuming component of resource-scarce sensor nodes. In this chapter, the authors first discuss the basics of MAC design for WSNs and present a set of important MAC attributes. Subsequently, authors discuss the main categories of MAC protocols proposed for WSNs and highlight their strong and weak points. After briefly outlining different MAC protocols falling in each category, the authors provide a substantial comparison of these protocols for several parameters. Lastly, the chapter discusses future research directions on open issues in this field that have mostly been overlooked.

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