Human Rights Education for Peace and Conflict Resolution

Cultural Rights ◽

The World ◽

International Human ◽

Almost All

The relationship between human rights and conflict is dynamic, complex, and powerful, constantly shaping and reshaping the course of both peace and war. The world was worried with the devastating effect of the World War II. The United Nations was formed out of the ashes of the war in 1945, putting respect for human rights alongside peace, security and development as the primary objectives. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was also adopted in 1948 as a continuation of that obligation, which provided a framework for a series of international human rights conventions. Presently almost all the national legislations are influenced by these conventions. The modern system of international human rights treaties is based on the concept of universalism. Depending on the agency, human rights include civil and political rights, economic, social and cultural rights, development rights, and indigenous rights. However, what is or is not considered a human right differs from one nation to another (Fedorak, 2007).

International human rights

Health Equity in a Globalizing Era ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198835356.003.0016 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 364-389

Author(s):

Ronald Labonté ◽

Arne Ruckert

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

World War Ii ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Normative Force ◽

Agenda 2030 ◽

The World ◽

Development Goals ◽

A long-standing and fundamental facet of global governance for health has been the development of an international human rights framework. Arising from the aftermath of World War II, human rights are comprised of several different covenants that constitute international law, albeit lacking in international enforcement measures. When these rights are instantiated within national laws or constitutions, however, they become justiciable within a country’s legal system. There are also global bodies responsible for oversight of their implementation. Their strength, as with that of the Sustainable Development Goals’ Agenda 2030, may rest more on their normative force—how the world’s people imperfectly expressed through their governments believe the world should work and look like. Given a growing illiberal temper in the emerging post-truth world, whether the norms embedded in human rights law can rise to the challenge of ‘taming’ globalization’s neoliberal underpinnings is a pivotal question still awaiting a firm answer.

18. Human Rights

Politics in the Developing World ◽

10.1093/hepl/9780198737438.003.0018 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Freeman

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

World War Ii ◽

Cultural Relativism ◽

Cultural Imperialism ◽

World War ◽

Human Rights Regime ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

This chapter examines the concept of human rights, which derives primarily from the Charter of the United Nations adopted in 1945 immediately after World War II. It first provides a brief account of the history of the concept of human rights before describing the international human rights regime. It then considers two persistent problems that arise in applying the concept of human rights to the developing world: the relations between the claim that the concept is universally valid and the realities of cultural diversity around the world; and the relations between human rights and development. In particular, it explores cultural imperialism and cultural relativism, the human rights implications of the rise of political Islam and the so-called war on terror(ism), and globalization. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the new political economy of human rights.

International Human Rights Law and the Response to the covid-19 Pandemic

Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies ◽

10.1163/18781527-bja10004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 249-269

Author(s):

Sarah Joseph

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Political Rights ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Human Rights Treaties ◽

International Human ◽

Civil And Political Rights ◽

Do So

Abstract States have duties under Article 12(2)(c) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and Article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to prevent, control and treat covid-19. Implementation of these three obligations is analysed, taking account of countervailing human rights considerations. Regarding prevention, lockdowns designed to stop the spread of the virus are examined. Control measures are then discussed, namely transparency measures, quarantine, testing and tracing. The human rights compatibility of treatment measures, namely the provision of adequate medical and hospital care (or the failure to do so), are then examined. Finally, derogations from human rights treaties in times of pubic emergency are discussed.

Conflict over Conflict: The Right to Strike in International Law

Global Labour Journal ◽

10.15173/glj.v8i1.2649 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Diane F Frey

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

International Law ◽

Political Rights ◽

International Labour Organisation ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Human Rights Treaties ◽

International Human ◽

The Right

<p>The existence of a right to strike under international law has been challenged by the International Organization of Employers since the late 1980s. The employer group claims that no such right exists under international law and has been moving to undermine recognition of the right at the International Labour Organisation (ILO). This article examines the right to strike in international human rights law. It considers specifically the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and finds that the right to strike exists in both of these treaties. Further, the article demonstrates that while the ILO employers group may challenge the existence of the right to strike, its government members have overwhelmingly ratified international human rights treaties contradicting the employer group's position that there is no such right.</p>

Scholarly Perspectives

Making Human Rights a Reality ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691155357.003.0005 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Emilie M. Hafner-Burton

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Political Rights ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

System P ◽

International Human ◽

Second Category

This chapter reviews scholarly research on international human rights law, focusing on systematic studies that are based on historical statistics and carried out by social scientists. The systematic, scholarly study of international human rights law can be grouped into two main categories. First are studies on the process of international law, such as on how judges in human rights tribunals make decisions. Second are studies that look for relationships between the presence of law (and laws of different types) and actual changes in human behavior. The chapter concentrates on the second category of research and highlights its main weaknesses. It also discusses some of the findings of statistical research regarding civil and political rights as well as economic, social, and cultural rights. Finally, it examines the mechanisms of influence of the international human rights legal system.

16. International human rights and refugee law

International Law ◽

10.1093/he/9780198748830.003.0016 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 407-438

Author(s):

Gleider Hernández

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Political Rights ◽

Customary International Law ◽

Human Rights Protection ◽

State Constitutions ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Rights Protection ◽

Refugee Law ◽

This chapter addresses international human rights and refugee law. In 1948, the General Assembly adopted the famed Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Many of its provisions have influenced the adoption of major multilateral treaties, or have come to reflect customary international law, at times through influencing the drafting of State constitutions. The UDHR has also been referred to by international courts to give weight, or to interpret, obligations contained in other treaties. Two overarching covenants were also adopted separately in 1966: the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). In parallel with the emergence of human rights protection at the international level, several regional frameworks exist. The chapter then looks at the European, American, and African human rights conventions and accompanying institutions.

U-4 An Analytical Study of the Rights Granted to the Accused during the Trial under ICCPR 1966

Al-Aijaz Research Journal of Islamic Studies & Humanities ◽

10.53575/u4.v5.01(21).46-56 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 46-56

Author(s):

Aisha Jadoon ◽

Ali Asghar Chusti

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Freedom Of Expression ◽

Political Rights ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

United Nations General ◽

United Nations General Assembly ◽

International Human ◽

The Right

The ICCPR 1966 is an important international human rights treaty that provides a number of protections for civil and political rights. The Charter was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1966 and came into force in 1976. July 2020 So far, the agreement has been ratified by 171 countries. The newly liberated states of Africa and the Caribbean, together with the ICCPR, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, are considered international human rights bills. The ICCPR obliges countries that ratify the agreement to ensure the protection of fundamental human rights, such as the right to life and human dignity, equality before the law, freedom of expression, the right to assembly and other rights also. ICCPR guarantees the fair trial for the accused in three stages i.e. Rights before trial, during trial and after trial. This article appraises the analytical study of the rights granted to the accused during the trial.

Selective Conscientious Objection and International Human Rights

Israel Law Review ◽

10.1017/s0021223700018008 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 145-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leonard Hammer

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Conscientious Objection ◽

Freedom Of Religion ◽

Political Rights ◽

Conscientious Objector ◽

Human Right ◽

International Human ◽

The One ◽

The Right

AbstractThe development of an international status for military conscientious objection received a strong backing by pronouncements from bodies like the Human Rights Committee that the capacity for objection can derive from the international human right to freedom of religion or belief of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Even with such pronouncements, questions remain in regard to the nature, boundaries and scope of this right. Most importantly, does this pronounced right allow for selective military conscientious objection within the international human rights system? This article will focus on the view that the capacity for military conscientious objection in the international human rights system derives from the right to freedom of religion and conscience. The implication of the international human right of freedom of religion or belief is important for its application to selective conscientious objection. However, even if the Human Rights Committee desires to limit the application of military conscientious objection, a selective objector can arguably still make the case for upholding a claim based on the human right and the manner in which it has been interpreted by the Committee and other international bodies. While on the one hand the focus on the human right to freedom of religion or belief can possibly provide the basis for a selective conscientious objector, it removes the possibility for claims that do not involve a religion or belief. The importance however of freedom of religion or behef should force a reviewing body to properly consider and measure the claim of a selective objector, with a view towards considering whether they are confronted with the manifestation of a belief and whether the state is violating such a seminal human right.

The right to housing

International Human Rights, Social Policy & Global ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447349211.003.0017 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 209-222

Author(s):

Dessie Donnelly ◽

Joe Finnerty ◽

Cathal O’Connell

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Human Right ◽

Group Participation ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Housing Rights ◽

International Human ◽

The Right ◽

Human Rights Based Approach

This chapter describes the human rights-based approach to housing and analyses it from a critical social policy perspective. The first section outlines the importance of housing as a human right, the second explores the distinctiveness of housing and a third section provides a case study of a community advocacy group, Participation and the Practice of Rights (PPR), using international human rights instruments such as the UN International Covenant for Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) to promote housing rights. Finally, the prospects and limits of a human rights-based approach to housing are discussed.

Genital Autonomy, Children’s Rights, and Competing Rights Claims in International Human Rights Law

The International Journal of Children s Rights ◽

10.1163/15718182-55680007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 554-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Debra L. DeLaet

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Human Right ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Age Of Consent ◽

Non Governmental Organizations ◽

Genital Cutting ◽

Claims that genital autonomy should be considered a human right call into question medically unnecessary genital alterations, including genital cutting of both boy and girl children, the forced or coerced circumcision of adults, and surgical alterations performed on the genitals of intersex children prior to the age of consent. To date, global norms suggest only a narrow applicability of any right to genital autonomy. International organizations, states, and non-governmental organizations increasingly condemn genital cutting of girls and women but generally tolerate both the genital cutting of boys and men and the surgical alteration of the genitals of intersex children. In examining assertions that genital autonomy should be considered a human right, the article considers competing rights claims, including religious and cultural rights, parental rights, and contending perspectives on health rights. Ultimately, this article highlights the limitations of international human rights law as a tool for promoting a right to genital autonomy.