Population Growth and Water Supply

2016 ◽  
pp. 231-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Brandful Cobbinah ◽  
Dennis Kwadwo Okyere ◽  
Eric Gaisie
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Urban Population Growth

With recent and expected record-breaking urban population growth in developing countries, African cities ought to undertake or revisit sustainable planning efforts necessary for managing population growth and dealing with rapid urbanization. This chapter examines how African cities are responding and adapting to rapid population growth in the area of water supply using Ghana as a case study. From a macro perspective, the chapter looks at the nature and extent of population growth and water supply in Africa, with a focus on Ghana. At the micro level, an analysis of the water supply chain in Ghanaian cities, focusing on distribution, equity and accessibility is presented. The chapter further presents a discussion on the way forward regarding urban water supply in Ghana in particular and Africa in general. The chapter concludes with key findings and directions for further research, in relation to population growth and urban water supply.

Population Growth and Water Supply

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Brandful Cobbinah ◽  
Dennis Kwadwo Okyere ◽  
Eric Gaisie
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Urban Population Growth

With recent and expected record-breaking urban population growth in developing countries, African cities ought to undertake or revisit sustainable planning efforts necessary for managing population growth and dealing with rapid urbanization. This chapter examines how African cities are responding and adapting to rapid population growth in the area of water supply using Ghana as a case study. From a macro perspective, the chapter looks at the nature and extent of population growth and water supply in Africa, with a focus on Ghana. At the micro level, an analysis of the water supply chain in Ghanaian cities, focusing on distribution, equity and accessibility is presented. The chapter further presents a discussion on the way forward regarding urban water supply in Ghana in particular and Africa in general. The chapter concludes with key findings and directions for further research, in relation to population growth and urban water supply.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Logic Analysis of the Build, Capacity Build and Transfer (B-CB-T) Modality for Urban Water Supply Service Delivery in Ethiopia

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Godfrey ◽  
Getachew Asmare ◽  
Tamene Gossa ◽  
Michele Paba
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Contractual Arrangements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Analysis

Rapid urbanization in Ethiopia is resulting in the need for alternative sustainable service models for urban water supply. Contractual arrangements to improve the functionality of urban water services in Ethiopia have included build, operate and transfer (BOT), design, build and operate (DBO), performance-based contracts (PBC) and utility development. UNICEF undertook a review of these modalities and concluded that a modified version of the BOT modality was required to both incentivize private sector engagement in urban water supply and to enhance public sector utilities. This paper describes the contractual modality developed to achieve this aim, namely an Ethiopian build, capacity build and transfer (B-CB-T) modality. This paper tests the applicability of the B-CB-T model using fuzzy logic statistical analysis and concludes that of the four tested variables (internal accountability, external accountability, operation and maintenance and financial management), the most statistically significant was the clear mandate to address complaints and maintain a positive relationship with the clients (users). This paper concludes that the B-CB-T is an effective contracting modality that should be accompanied by appropriate behavior change and social mobilization outreach to maximize tariff, billing, extension and performance of the infrastructure that is administered within the B-CB-T arrangement.

scholarly journals State-of-the-art review on the transient flow modeling and utilization for urban water supply system (UWSS) management

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 858-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Feng Duan ◽  
Bin Pan ◽  
Manli Wang ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Feifei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
City Development ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Abstract In the context of smart city development and rapid urbanization worldwide, urban water supply system (UWSS) has been of vital importance to this process. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the transient flow research for UWSS management. This review consists of two aspects as follows. The first aspect is about the development and progress of current transient theory, including transient flow models, unsteady friction and turbulence models, and numerical simulation methods. The other aspect is about the utilization and application of transient-based methods for effective UWSS diagnosis and management, including leakage, discrete and extended partial blockages, unknown branch, and other defects in water pipelines. A total of 228 publications have been reviewed and analyzed in this paper. In addition to the state-of-the-art progress and achievement of the research on transients, the advances and recommendations of future work in this field are also discussed for the development and management of next-generation smart UWSS in the paper.

Comparison of small-scale providers' and utility performance in urban water supply: the case of Maputo, Mozambique

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jigar Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Household Level ◽  
African Cities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Urban Population Growth

Following independence from colonial rule, African governments struggled to cope with the legacy of fragmented water services and new demands of peri-urban population growth. Privatization was presented as a panacea that would expand and improve water supply. Small-scale independent water providers (SSPs) were meanwhile often the only actors ensuring that services were available to the peri-urban poor. Nonetheless, they were ignored and even vilified in ‘pro-poor’ strategies of water supply reform. Recent studies have actually demonstrated the important role SSPs play in serving the poor in African cities, however, substantial knowledge gaps remain. This study of SSP activities in Maputo, Mozambique provides rigorous empirical evidence about the performance of fully private SSPs vis-à-vis a privatized utility at both the provider and household level. The findings belie long-held notions of informal water provision as inferior and inefficient and formal sector privatization as the preferred strategy for reaching the poor. Improving water supply in African cities requires an understanding of the specific advantages of provider-types and avoiding universal cures.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF THE HYDROPOWER PLANT IMPLEMENTATION ON THE URBAN WATER SUPPLY NETWORK: CASE STUDY - WTP PACAS JOÂO MONLEVADE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Júnia Vilela Caldeira ◽  
Rieder Oliveira Neto ◽  
Christian Jeremi R. Coronado ◽  
gilmar silva ◽  
Geraldo Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Network

scholarly journals Research on Hedging Rules Based on Water Supply Priority and Benefit Loss of Water Shortage—A Case Study of Tianjin, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohui Men ◽  
Zhijian Wu ◽  
Huanlong Liu ◽  
Yangsong Li ◽  
Yong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Hedging Rules

When a city’s water demand cannot be fully satisfied, the hedging rule can reduce water loss by limiting water supply in advance. Based on water supply priority and benefit loss of water shortage for different users, this paper improved the objective function of hedging rules considering the benefit loss of water shortage. At the same time, according to the idea of restricting water supply by water users in turn, improved hedging rules (IHR) are applied to the urban water supply in Tianjin. The conclusions achieved from this study are as follows: (1) IHR increased water supply assurance rates for domestic water with high-priority and avoided destructive water shortages in agricultural water with low-priority. (2) IHR can better reduce the destructive loss caused by a large number of water shortages and the loss of production caused by a small numbers of water shortages than traditional hedging rules, which ensures high efficiency of water supply during the dry period. The results show that the IHR can improve the operational performance of the urban water supply.

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