Computational Design and Built Environments

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 361-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Filippucci ◽  
Fabio Bianconi ◽  
Stefano Andreani
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Modeling Practices ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Opening Up

Drawing has always been the most powerful instrument for the conceptualization, interpretation and representation of spaces and forms. Today, the computer screen complements the eye-brain telescope with an additional lens that increases the ability to understand, visualize and ultimately design the built environment. Computational design is dramatically shifting not only established drawing and modeling practices, but also ? and perhaps most importantly ? design thinking processes in the very conception and morphogenesis of forms and of their complex relationships in space. Specifically parametric modeling allows to understand geometry and manipulate shapes in dynamic, articulated and yet intuitive ways, opening up unprecedented design opportunities but also diminishing the importance of the design process for the sake of formal complexity. This chapters offers some insights on the incredible design opportunities offered by new computational instruments, as well as highlighting circumstances in which the act of ‘modeling' takes over the ‘design.'

Computational Design and Built Environments

2016 ◽  
pp. 790-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Filippucci ◽  
Fabio Bianconi ◽  
Stefano Andreani
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Modeling Practices ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Opening Up

Drawing has always been the most powerful instrument for the conceptualization, interpretation and representation of spaces and forms. Today, the computer screen complements the eye-brain telescope with an additional lens that increases the ability to understand, visualize and ultimately design the built environment. Computational design is dramatically shifting not only established drawing and modeling practices, but also ? and perhaps most importantly ? design thinking processes in the very conception and morphogenesis of forms and of their complex relationships in space. Specifically parametric modeling allows to understand geometry and manipulate shapes in dynamic, articulated and yet intuitive ways, opening up unprecedented design opportunities but also diminishing the importance of the design process for the sake of formal complexity. This chapters offers some insights on the incredible design opportunities offered by new computational instruments, as well as highlighting circumstances in which the act of ‘modeling' takes over the ‘design.'

scholarly journals Scripted tower [Creative coding for responsive environments]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Claudia Van Velthooven
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Responsive Environments ◽  
Creative Coding

<p>This thesis is based on investigating computational design methodologies for the generation of responsive environments, exploring the opportunities that creative coding and parametric based design approaches can offer architects of the 21st century. It is highly research focused with a test-case design formulated as an outcome of this research.  Architecture has always evolved with history to remain a manifestation and reflection of society and the materials/tools available to the architects at the time. Today, technological advancements and computational techniques have redefined the agency of design methodologies and manifested a paradigmatic shift to the context and practice of architecture. Computationally mediated form finding techniques have rapidly evolved over the past twenty years and continue to advance the possibilities to generate new building forms and complex, responsive, and adaptive geometries. It is undeniable that within the last decade, digital technologies have begun to initiate a paramount ensemble of affordance that are reconfiguring design and design thinking. This research invites the possibilities of creative-code-based design systems, as this approach becomes more widely taken up and more confidently embedded into the design process by architects and designers across the globe. Scripting/coding is typically seen primarily as a productivity tool compared to its potential to assist design exploration however, the power of computationally mediated design does not lie in computer aided design (CAD) based work flows, but in the possibility to engage with algorithmic design processes that unite design with the computer; the difference between computerisation (CAD) and computation (scripting).  This research investigates the potentials of a computational design methodology that integrates creative coding techniques for early-stage design approach. There are endless ways to utilise code-based processes for design; to begin, this research focuses on exploring a few common techniques, leading into a novel, innovative code that is context specific and locally and globally responsive. The nature of code is inherently open-source with digital files easily transferable and shared online. This poses prevalent current concerns surrounding topics of authorship, and generates speculations of how this may affect/contribute to the wider profession and the future of the architectural profession - another discourse addressed in this research.  The outcome of this research process is tested through a system for a responsive tower design. The tower is highly speculative and is primarily concerned/focused on the innovative design process and, accordingly, the potentials for creative-code-based generative design in architecture. The tower is context specific to Wellington, embedding local wind data and immediate environmental conditions into the code, employing an emergent/generative design that could not have been prior conceived-of with the human mind alone.  Developing on Carpo’s quote (page 10) further, this thesis builds upon this concept that there is meaning in employing digital design methodologies in such a way that allow for design developments which are unique, original, meaningful, and only possible because of the digital tools currently available to architects of the 21st century.</p>

scholarly journals Scripted tower [Creative coding for responsive environments]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Claudia Van Velthooven
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Responsive Environments ◽  
Creative Coding

<p>This thesis is based on investigating computational design methodologies for the generation of responsive environments, exploring the opportunities that creative coding and parametric based design approaches can offer architects of the 21st century. It is highly research focused with a test-case design formulated as an outcome of this research.  Architecture has always evolved with history to remain a manifestation and reflection of society and the materials/tools available to the architects at the time. Today, technological advancements and computational techniques have redefined the agency of design methodologies and manifested a paradigmatic shift to the context and practice of architecture. Computationally mediated form finding techniques have rapidly evolved over the past twenty years and continue to advance the possibilities to generate new building forms and complex, responsive, and adaptive geometries. It is undeniable that within the last decade, digital technologies have begun to initiate a paramount ensemble of affordance that are reconfiguring design and design thinking. This research invites the possibilities of creative-code-based design systems, as this approach becomes more widely taken up and more confidently embedded into the design process by architects and designers across the globe. Scripting/coding is typically seen primarily as a productivity tool compared to its potential to assist design exploration however, the power of computationally mediated design does not lie in computer aided design (CAD) based work flows, but in the possibility to engage with algorithmic design processes that unite design with the computer; the difference between computerisation (CAD) and computation (scripting).  This research investigates the potentials of a computational design methodology that integrates creative coding techniques for early-stage design approach. There are endless ways to utilise code-based processes for design; to begin, this research focuses on exploring a few common techniques, leading into a novel, innovative code that is context specific and locally and globally responsive. The nature of code is inherently open-source with digital files easily transferable and shared online. This poses prevalent current concerns surrounding topics of authorship, and generates speculations of how this may affect/contribute to the wider profession and the future of the architectural profession - another discourse addressed in this research.  The outcome of this research process is tested through a system for a responsive tower design. The tower is highly speculative and is primarily concerned/focused on the innovative design process and, accordingly, the potentials for creative-code-based generative design in architecture. The tower is context specific to Wellington, embedding local wind data and immediate environmental conditions into the code, employing an emergent/generative design that could not have been prior conceived-of with the human mind alone.  Developing on Carpo’s quote (page 10) further, this thesis builds upon this concept that there is meaning in employing digital design methodologies in such a way that allow for design developments which are unique, original, meaningful, and only possible because of the digital tools currently available to architects of the 21st century.</p>

scholarly journals Simulating the effects of redesigned street-scale built environments on access/egress pedestrian flows to metro stations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Liu ◽  
Dujuan Yang ◽  
Harry J. P. Timmermans ◽  
Bauke de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Renewal Processes ◽  
City Center ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Route Choice Behavior ◽  
The City

AbstractIn urban renewal processes, metro line systems are widely used to accommodate the massive traffic needs and stimulate the redevelopment of the local area. The route choice of pedestrians, emanating from or going to the metro stations, is influenced by the street-scale built environment. Many renewal processes involve the improvement of the street-level built environment and thus influence pedestrian flows. To assess the effects of urban design on pedestrian flows, this article presents the results of a simulation model of pedestrian route choice behavior around Yingkoudao metro station in the city center of Tianjin, China. Simulated pedestrian flows based on 4 scenarios of changes in street-scale built environment characteristics are compared. Results indicate that the main streets are disproportionally more affected than smaller streets. The promotion of an intensified land use mix does not lead to a high increase in the number of pedestrians who choose the involved route when traveling from/to the metro station, assuming fixed destination choice.

Role of BIM and energy simulation tools in designing zero-net energy homes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahryar Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zero Net Energy

Purpose The purpose of this study is to design a zero-energy home, which is known to be capable of balancing its own energy production and consumption close to zero. Development of low-energy homes and zero-net energy houses (ZEHs) is vital to move toward energy efficiency and sustainability in the built environment. To achieve zero or low energy targets in homes, it is essential to use the design process that minimizes the need for active mechanical systems. Design/methodology/approach The methodology discussed in this paper consists of an interfacing building information modeling (BIM) tool and a simulation software to determine the potential influence of phase change materials on designing zero-net energy homes. Findings BIM plays a key role in advancing methods for architects and designers to communicate through a common software platform, analyze energy performance through all stages of the design and construction process and make decisions for improving energy efficiency in the built environment. Originality/value This paper reviews the literature relevant to the role of BIM in helping energy simulation for the performance of residential homes to more advanced levels and in modeling the integrated design process of ZEHs.

Design thinking in printing graphic design approaches for animation films

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 709-728
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Optical Illusion ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Aesthetic Awareness

Art of animation as an analysis of movement is based on the theory that the vision remains on the eye after the disappearance of the actual image, and this scientific theory is the same that the film industry was built upon. Recently, various techniques and ideas have entered the print design process as a means of expressing a phenomenon subject to the human will to change and elevate our aesthetic awareness and feelings, which rise in various forms of designs that reveal themselves in design work and are embodied in animation films. The design artwork falls within a group of intertwined elements fused with each other, reflecting the peculiarity of this work, as it is innovation and creating new and interesting things, so that the design is suitable for the desired purpose and beautifully. Perhaps the simplest type of optical illusion that can clarify to us the idea of the impression of the existence of an image that does not actually exist is represented in the decree paper. Key words: Design thinking, Typography, Animation films

Pier 55, NYC: A Case Study for the Future of Design, Documentation and Fabrication

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Wook Jo ◽  
David Farnsworth ◽  
Jacob Wiest
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Structural Geometry ◽  
Design Documentation

<p>The Pier 55 project in New York City represents an achievement in design, documentation, fabrication and construction achievable only through recent advances in construction technology. Pier 55 is a new park built over the Hudson River constructed from complex precast concrete. It is a one of its kind pier with a signature design by the Heatherwick Studio that undulates in elevation and is structurally composed of tulip shaped concrete “pots”. Heatherwick's vision required significant collaborative efforts by all involved to define a geometry that satisfied the often-competing needs for prefabrication efficiency, durability, accessibility, design aesthetics and construction feasibility. Arup and Heatherwick developed parametric tools to automate much of the design process so that multiple iterations of geometry could be tested and refined to find optimal solutions. Initial scripts to define surface geometry of the “pot” structures for coordination evolved into additional scripts which created analysis models, full structural geometry, and shop drawing level documentation. As the project moved into construction, Arup and the fabrication team at Fort Miller precast concrete manufacturer and Fab3 steel fabricator utilized the models and scripts generated during the design process for direct digital input of the structural geometry to create complex CNC-milled foam formwork, 3- dimensional rebar documentation, and documentation and digital fabrication of steel components required for assembly and erection of the various pieces by Weeks Marine. This paper will discuss significant innovations including using sophisticated parametric modeling to digitally design, document, fabricate and construct geometrically complex structures.</p>

scholarly journals Axiomatic Design: 30 Years After

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Nordlund ◽  
Taesik Lee ◽  
Sang-Gook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Axiomatic Design Theory ◽  
Practical Experiences

In 1977, Nam P Suh proposed a different approach to design research. Suh’s approach was different in that it introduced the notions of domains and layers in a 2-D design thinking and stipulated a set of axioms that describes what is a good design. Following Suh’s 2-D reasoning structure in a zigzagging manner and applying these axioms through the design process should enable the designer to arrive at a good design. In this paper, we present our own experiences in applying Suh’s theories to software design, product design, organizational design, process design, and more in both academic and industrial settings. We also share our experience from teaching the Axiomatic Design theory to students at universities and engineers in industry, and draw conclusions on how best to teach and use this approach, and what results one can expect. The merits of the design axioms are discussed based on the practical experiences that the authors have had in their application. The process developed around the axioms to derive maximum value (solution neutral environment, design domains, what-how relationship, zig-zag process, decomposition, and design matrices) is also discussed and some updates are proposed.

scholarly journals Making a Building Smart with a Co-Created and Continuously Evolving Enjoyable Service Entity—Insights from a Collaborative Study

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Maaria Nuutinen ◽  
Eija Kaasinen ◽  
Jaana Hyvärinen ◽  
Airi Mölsä ◽  
Sanni Siltanen
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Smart Services ◽  
Smart Building ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life

Buildings shape cities as those cities grow from and nurture people living and working within the built environment. Thus, the conceptualization of smart building should be brought closer to the smart city initiatives that particularly target ensuring and enhancing the sustainability and quality of urban life. In this paper, we propose that a smart building should be interlinked with a smart city surrounding it; it should provide good experiences to its various occupants and it should be in an ongoing state of evolving as an ecosystem, wherein different stakeholders can join to co-produce, co-provide and co-consume services. Smart buildings require a versatile set of smart services based on digital solutions, solutions in the built environment and human activities. We conducted a multiphase collaborative study on new service opportunities guided by a Design Thinking approach. The approach brought people, technology, and business perspectives together and resulted in key service opportunities that have the potential to make the buildings smart and provide enjoyable experience to the occupants who support their living and working activities in smart cities. This paper provides the resulting practical implications as well as proposes future avenues for research.

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