The Role of Engineers and Their Tools in the Transport Sector after Paradigm Change

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Hermann Knoflacher
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Sustainable Future

On the contrary to other fields of human progress, transport is creating more problems with increasing wealth. Congestion, traffic victims, noise and air pollution are direct unwanted effects, not been solved so far. The cause is the lack of system understanding in the professional world. the existing paradigm in Transport is based on assumptions and extrapolations and not on solid science. The new scientific based paradigm, need also new tools for the sustainable future of transport and cities.

The Role of Engineers and Their Tools in the Transport Sector after Paradigm Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 956-984
Author(s):  
Hermann Knoflacher
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Sustainable Future

On the contrary to other fields of human progress, transport is creating more problems with increasing wealth. Congestion, traffic victims, noise and air pollution are direct unwanted effects, not been solved so far. The cause is the lack of system understanding in the professional world. the existing paradigm in Transport is based on assumptions and extrapolations and not on solid science. The new scientific based paradigm, need also new tools for the sustainable future of transport and cities.

Addressing Air Pollution And Beyond In Ulaanbaatar: The Role Of Sustainable Mobility

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Aschmann
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
Different Characteristics

All over the world the transport sector contributes to local air pollution as well as CO2 -emissions and transportation related problems such as congestion especially in urban agglomerations. In Ulaanbaatar traffic is currently not the most important source of air pollution but it will gain importance due to a growing demand for transport and related effects. A transformation towards sustainable mobility is therefore needed which is pursued by reduction of the number of trips, influencing the modal split towards more sustainable modes and more efficient handling of mobility.This paper discusses different characteristics of air pollution, traffic congestion and CO2 - emissions and respective suitability of policy instruments. It is argued that conducting mobility more efficient will be not enough to address all relevant effects of growing demand. In doing so special attention is given to the interaction of built environment, land use and transport as well as related planning approaches which is particularly important in a situation when urban growth has to be managed.A transfer towards sustainable mobility needs a two-step approach: a more short-term improvement related to a more environmentally friendly transport system and a longterm approach to organise urban mobility in a sustainable way by adopting an integrated urban and transport planning and influencing transport behaviour. 

scholarly journals Pros and cons for the role of air pollution on COVID‐19 development

Allergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Annesi‐Maesano ◽  
Cara Nichole Maesano ◽  
Maria D’Amato ◽  
Gennaro D’Amato
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pros And Cons

scholarly journals From Black to Blue Skies: Civil Society Perceptions of Air Pollution in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Winter ◽  
Huong Le ◽  
Simon Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Quality Indexes

Abstract This paper explores the perception and politics of air pollution in Shanghai. We present a qualitative case study based on a literature review of relevant policies and research on civil society and air pollution, in dialogue with air quality indexes and field research data. We engage with the concept of China's authoritarian environmentalism and the political context of ecological civilization. We find that discussions about air pollution are often placed in a frame that is both locally temporal (environment) and internationally developmentalist (economy). We raise questions from an example of three applications with different presentations of air quality index measures for the same time and place. This example and frame highlight the central role and connection between technology, data and evidence, and pollution visibility in the case of the perception of air pollution. Our findings then point to two gaps in authoritarian environmentalism research, revealing a need to better understand (1) the role of technology within this governance context, and (2) the tensions created from this non-participatory approach with ecological civilization, which calls for civil society participation.

Urban Transportation Planning for Air Quality Management: Case Study in Delhi, India, of Role of Social and Economic Costs in Welfare Maximization of Mobility Choice

2002 ◽  
Vol 1817 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Kokaz ◽  
Peter Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Management Case Study

Recent economic expansion and population growth in developing countries have had a big impact on the development of large cities like Delhi, India. Accompanied by Delhi’s rapid spatial growth over the last 25 years, urban sprawl has contributed to increased travel. The vehicle fleet projected at current growth rates will result in more than 13 million vehicles in Delhi in 2020. Planning and managing such a rapidly growing transport sector will be a challenge. Choices made now will have effects lasting well into the middle of the century. With such rapid transport growth rates, automobile emissions have become the fastest increasing source of urban air pollution. In India, most urban areas, including Delhi, already have major air pollution problems that could be greatly exacerbated if growth of the transport sector is managed unwisely. The transport plans designed to meet such large increases in travel demand will have to emphasize the movement of people, not vehicles, for a sustainable transportation system. Therefore, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the optimal transportation mix to meet this projected passenger-km demand while satisfying environmental goals, reducing congestion levels, and improving system and fuel efficiencies by exploiting a variety of policy options at the minimum overall cost or maximum welfare from transport. The results suggest that buses will continue to satisfy most passenger transport in the coming decades, so planning done in accordance with improving bus operations is crucial.

Role of Environmental Air Pollution in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Leland ◽  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Kathleen M. Kelly ◽  
Murugappan Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution
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