Nanotechnology for Omics-Based Ocular Drug Delivery

Millions of people suffer from ocular diseases that impair vision and can lead to blindness. Advances in genomics and proteomics have revealed a number of different molecular markers specific for different ocular diseases, thereby optimizing the processes of drug development and discovery. Nanotechnology can increase the throughput of data obtained in omics-based studies and allows for more sensitive diagnostic techniques as more efficient drug delivery systems. Biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials developed through omics-based research are able to target reported molecular markers for different ocular diseases and offer novel alternatives to conventional drug therapy. In this chapter, the authors review the pathophysiology, current genomic and proteomic information, and current nanomaterial-based therapies of four ocular diseases: glaucoma, uveal melanoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Omics-based research can be used to elucidate specific genes and proteins and develop novel nanomedicine formulations to prevent, halt, or cure ocular diseases at the transcriptional or translational level.

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Nanotechnology for Omics-Based Ocular Drug Delivery

Handbook of Research on Diverse Applications of Nanotechnology in Biomedicine, Chemistry, and Engineering - Advances in Chemical and Materials Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6363-3.ch008 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 152-166

Author(s):

Anjali Hirani ◽

Aditya Grover ◽

Yong Woo Lee ◽

Yashwant Pathak ◽

Vijaykumar Sutariya

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Ocular Diseases ◽

Age Related ◽

Conventional Drug ◽

Genomics And Proteomics ◽

Translational Level

Millions of people suffer from ocular diseases that impair vision and can lead to blindness. Advances in genomics and proteomics have revealed a number of different molecular markers specific for different ocular diseases, thereby optimizing the processes of drug development and discovery. Nanotechnology can increase the throughput of data obtained in omics-based studies and allows for more sensitive diagnostic techniques as more efficient drug delivery systems. Biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials developed through omics-based research are able to target reported molecular markers for different ocular diseases and offer novel alternatives to conventional drug therapy. In this chapter, the authors review the pathophysiology, current genomic and proteomic information, and current nanomaterial-based therapies of four ocular diseases: glaucoma, uveal melanoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Omics-based research can be used to elucidate specific genes and proteins and develop novel nanomedicine formulations to prevent, halt, or cure ocular diseases at the transcriptional or translational level.

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Advanced Hydrogels Based Drug Delivery Systems for Ophthalmic Delivery

Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation ◽

10.2174/1872211314666200108094851 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 291-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Srividya Gorantla ◽

Tejashree Waghule ◽

Vamshi Krishna Rapalli ◽

Prem Prakash Singh ◽

Sunil Kumar Dubey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Stimuli Responsive ◽

Duration Of Action ◽

Age Related ◽

Aqueous Gels ◽

Ophthalmic Delivery ◽

3D Printed

Hydrogels are aqueous gels composed of cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers. Stimuli-responsive based hydrogels have gained focus over the past 20 years for treating ophthalmic diseases. Different stimuli-responsive mechanisms are involved in forming polymer hydrogel networks, including change in temperature, pH, ions, and others including light, thrombin, pressure, antigen, and glucose-responsive. Incorporation of nanocarriers with these smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems that can extend the duration of action by increasing ocular bioavailability and reducing the dosing frequency. This review will focus on the hydrogel drug delivery systems highlighting the gelling mechanisms and emerging stimuli-responsive hydrogels from preformed gels, nanogels, and the role of advanced 3D printed hydrogels in vision-threatening diseases like age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. It also provides insight into the limitations of hydrogels along with the safety and biocompatibility of the hydrogel drug delivery systems.

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Basic Research and Clinical Application of Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

10.5772/31524 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giuseppe Lo ◽

Alessandro Gal

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Basic Research ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related

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Design Optimization of an Implantable Device Concept for Passive Ocular Drug Delivery

Journal of Medical Devices ◽

10.1115/1.4026451 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jonathan Marsh ◽

Ramana M. Pidaparti

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Transport ◽

Implantable Device ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Ocular Diseases ◽

Drug Delivery Device ◽

Age Related ◽

Optimization Study ◽

Dynamics Simulations

This paper presents an implantable device concept with applications for treating ocular diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa. The design of a biodegradable drug delivery device concept consisting of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) shell with a fluid reservoir and micro/nanofluidic tubes that allow the drug to be stored and delivered at a specified rate is discussed. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted through various tube configurations in order to obtain the drug diffusion characteristics. The results from the simulation studies revealed information related to drug transport under varying design parameters. The design simulations were conducted with a desired rate. Based on results from several simulations, an optimization study was conducted to achieve the required dosage for about 2 years. The results obtained from the optimization study shows that the device concept can be extended for different drugs to treat ocular diseases.

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Design of an Implantable Device for Ocular Drug Delivery

Journal of Drug Delivery ◽

10.1155/2012/527516 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jae-Hwan Lee ◽

Ramana M. Pidaparti ◽

Gary M. Atkinson ◽

Ramana S. Moorthy

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Ocular Drug Delivery ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Ocular Diseases ◽

Drug Management ◽

Drug Delivery Device ◽

Age Related ◽

Diffusion Characteristics ◽

Drug Reservoir ◽

Silicon Based

Ocular diseases, such as, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa require drug management in order to prevent blindness and affecting million of adults in USA and worldwide. There is an increasing need to develop devices for drug delivery to address ocular diseases. This study focuses on the design, simulation, and development of an implantable ocular drug delivery device consisting of micro-/nanochannels embedded between top and bottom covers with a drug reservoir made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) which is silicon-based organic and biodegradable polymer. Several simulations were carried out with six different micro-channel configurations in order to see the feasibility for ocular drug delivery applications. Based on the results obtained, channel design of osmotic I and osmotic II satisfied the diffusion rates required for ocular drug delivery. Finally, a prototype illustrating the three components of the drug delivery design is presented. In the future, the device will be tested for its functionality and diffusion characteristics.

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Lipid-based drug delivery systems in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration

Drug Delivery and Translational Research ◽

10.1007/s13346-016-0299-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 781-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Joanne D. Du ◽

Wye-Khay Fong ◽

Suzanne Caliph ◽

Ben J. Boyd

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related

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Suprachoroidal Delivery of Small Molecules, Nanoparticles, Gene and Cell Therapies for Ocular Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13020288 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 288

Author(s):

Chen-rei Wan ◽

Leroy Muya ◽

Viral Kansara ◽

Thomas A. Ciulla

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Gene Therapy ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Small Molecule ◽

Viral Vector ◽

Choroidal Melanoma ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Ocular Diseases ◽

Age Related

Suprachoroidal drug delivery technology has advanced rapidly and emerged as a promising administration route for a variety of therapeutic candidates, in order to target multiple ocular diseases, ranging from neovascular age-related macular degeneration to choroidal melanoma. This review summarizes the latest preclinical and clinical progress in suprachoroidal delivery of therapeutic agents, including small molecule suspensions, polymeric entrapped small molecules, gene therapy (viral and nonviral nanoparticles), viral nanoparticle conjugates (VNCs), and cell therapy. Formulation customization is critical in achieving favorable pharmacokinetics, and sustained drug release profiles have been repeatedly observed for multiple small molecule suspensions and polymeric formulations. Novel therapeutic agents such as viral and nonviral gene therapy, as well as VNCs, have demonstrated promise in animal studies. Several of these suprachoroidally-administered therapies have been assessed in clinical trials, including small molecule suspensions of triamcinolone acetonide and axitinib, viral vector RGX-314 for gene therapy, and VNC AU-011. With continued drug delivery research and optimization, coupled with customized drug formulations, suprachoroidal drug delivery may address large unmet therapeutic needs in ophthalmology, targeting affected tissues with novel therapies for efficacy benefits, compartmentalizing therapies away from unaffected tissues for safety benefits, and achieving durability to relieve the treatment burden noted with current agents.

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Novel delivery systems of active substances for intraocular administration

Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia ◽

10.53519/analesranf.2021.87.03.08 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (87(03)) ◽

pp. 331-338

Author(s):

Rocío Herrero Vanrell

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

The Elderly ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Posterior Segment ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Multifactorial Diseases ◽

Age Related ◽

Intraocular Drug Delivery ◽

Active Substances

Neurodegenerative pathologies affecting the posterior segment of the eye such as diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration and glaucoma are among the main causes of blindness in the world. They have in common that are cronic, multifactorial and in some cases related with the elderly. The treatment of these pathologies require to maintain therapeutic concentrations in the posterior segment thanks to the use of successive intraocular injections which are associated to secondary effects being poor tolerated by patients. Intraocular drug delivery systems emerged as an alternative to frequent injections as they are able to deliver the therapeutic agent in a controlled fashion into the eye after a single administration. Depending on the biomaterial these delivery systems are biodegradable or non biodegradable. Attending to their sizes, drug delivery systems are classified in implants (>1mm), microsystems (1-1000μm) y nanosystems (1-1000nm). Biodegradable microspheres emerge as therapeutic tools of great interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative pathologies as they can encapsulate active substances of distinct nature and provide release profiles tailoring with clinical needs. Furthermore, it is possible to administer different amounts of microspheres which correspond to the most adequated doses of the medicine in a personalized therapy. The simultaneous encapsulation of several active substances in the microspheres are of great interest in the treatment of multifactorial diseases covering different therapeutic targets.

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