Protein Energy Malnutrition in Children

Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice - Optimizing Health Monitoring Systems With Wireless Technology ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-6067-8.ch017 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 248-257

Author(s):

Foluke Onaleye

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Electronic Health Records ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Health Information Technology ◽

Health Information ◽

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Current Management ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Sub Saharan

The current management to prevent Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is examined and the use of technological tools such as Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems and mobile solutions are employed to prevent the development of PEM and its complications. Implementation of technological solutions in healthcare is a critical factor in achieving better health outcomes as documented in some parts of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa is behind on the adoption of electronic health records and other health information technology solutions due to several challenges such as lack of funding and infrastructure required to implement its use. Recent studies show that Sub-Saharan Africa is slowly gravitating towards adoption of health information technology particularly EHR systems and mobile solutions because of the need to find solutions to its healthcare crisis. Development of a PEM prevention system using these tools to enhance the current management will improve patient health outcomes and decrease the mortality rate of PEM.

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Safe Use of Electronic Health Records and Health Information Technology Systems

Journal of Patient Safety ◽

10.1097/pts.0b013e3182a8c2b2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 177-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Charles R. Denham ◽

David C. Classen ◽

Stephen J. Swenson ◽

Michael J. Henderson ◽

Thomas Zeltner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Electronic Health Records ◽

Health Information Technology ◽

Health Information ◽

Health Records ◽

Electronic Health ◽

Technology Systems

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Two Important Topics for 2012: Electronic Health Records and mHealth

Hospital Pharmacy ◽

10.1310/hpj4701-62 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 62-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. Fox Brent ◽

G. Felkey Bill

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Electronic Health Records ◽

Health Information Technology ◽

Health Information ◽

Health It ◽

Time And Space ◽

Health Records ◽

Electronic Health

As the new year begins, we like to reflect on where health information technology (IT) has been and where it is going. We are not fond of rehashing the minutia regarding every event that occurred in the health IT domain, so we will not spend our time and space presenting an exhaustive review. We will, however, touch on the continuing efforts surrounding electronic health records (EHRs). We will also focus forward in discussing an emerging area that we are closely following.

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Evaluation of Nutritional and Antinutritional Properties of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) Harms.) Seeds

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2020/6569420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Taofeek T. Adegboyega ◽

Michael T. Abberton ◽

AbdelAziz H. AbdelGadir ◽

Mahamadi Dianda ◽

Busie Maziya-Dixon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Research Field ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

International Institute ◽

African Yam Bean ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Small Holder Farmers ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Sphenostylis Stenocarpa

African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) Harms) is an annual legume with the capacity to produce bean seeds in a pod and produce tubers with varying seed patterns and colors. It is suggested to have the potential to significantly boost food security in sub-Saharan Africa due to its considerable nutritional qualities but still yet underutilized. Many farmers show limited interest in its production owing to limited knowledge of its nutritional profile, income generation capacity for small-holder farmers’, processing, and other related utilization concerns. This study evaluated the proximate and antinutrient composition of processed and unprocessed seeds of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) Harms.). Seeds were harvested from the experimental research field consisting of 50 accessions at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. They were divided into two portions; the first was processed by oven drying at 60°C for 24 hours and the second was left raw. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the levels of proximate and antinutrient in the forms in which the samples were analyzed. TSs104 had the highest protein content of 25.08%, while the lowest was TSs68 (20.50%). However, in the unprocessed seed, protein content ranged between 24.93% (TSs38) and 19.13% (TSs11). Both processed and unprocessed seeds had high carbohydrate contents. In processed seeds, TSs9 (62.93%) had the highest percentage and TSs1 (29.64%) recorded the lowest. In unprocessed seed, the percentage ranged between 67.36% (TSs4) and 54.23% (TSs38). The observed variation may suggest possible suitability of seed for various end-use products and targeted breeding programs for crop improvements. In sub-Saharan Africa, this lesser-known legume could be adapted as a promising food crop in combating protein-energy malnutrition.

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Sorghum–Insect Composites for Healthier Cookies: Nutritional, Functional, and Technological Evaluation

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9101427 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1427

Author(s):

Temitope D. Awobusuyi ◽

Muthulisi Siwela ◽

Kirthee Pillay

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Health Concern ◽

Nutrient Deficiencies ◽

Substitution Level ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Nutritional Qualities ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Spread Factor

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a major health concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Relying on unexploited and regionally available rich sources of proteins such as insects and sorghum might contribute towards addressing PEM among at-risk populations. Insects are high in nutrients, especially protein, and are abundant in SSA. Sorghum is adapted to the tropical areas of SSA and as such it is an appropriate source of energy compared with temperate cereals like wheat. It is necessary to assess whether cookies fortified with sorghum and termite would be suitable for use in addressing PEM in SSA. Whole grain sorghum meal and termite meal were mixed at a 3:1 ratio (w/w sorghum:termite) to form a sorghum–termite meal blend. Composite cookies were prepared where the sorghum–termite blend partially substituted wheat flour at 20%, 40%, and 60% (sorghum–termite blend:wheat flour (w/w). The functional and nutritional qualities of the cookies were assessed. Compared with the control (100% wheat flour), the cookies fortified with sorghum and termite had about double the quantity of protein, minerals, and amino acids. However, with increased substitution level of the sorghum–termite blend, the spread factor of the cookies decreased. There is a potential to incorporate sorghum and termite in cookies for increased intake of several nutrients by communities that are vulnerable to nutrient deficiencies, especially PEM.

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