Conceptualizing Digital Addiction as Glutamine Inhibition and Glutamate Acceleration (GIGA)

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Productivity Measure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder ◽  
Digital Addiction ◽  
Device Use ◽  
The Brain

This chapter carries out two investigations into digital addiction using the brain productivity measure of knol. It is asserted that digital addiction is caused by two medical conditions linked to the well-known concept of flow and lesser known concept of involvement. These conditions are serotonergic-dopaminergic asynchronicity (SDA) and glutamine inhibition and glutamate acceleration (GIGA). In online environments SDA affects befriending, defriending and kudos and GIGA affects workfulness and smart-device overuse to produce increased wakefulness, causing conditions like Circadian rhythm sleep disorder. In other words, if a person is over-stimulated or under-stimulated, their use of digital technologies, such as at night, will increase. The results show improved sleep and reduced device use during the night when the L-Glutamine is consumed, but effects the following day were not always positive. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan had some effect in reducing ‘mental gaze' caused by glutamate and dopamine, but could not be seen as effective as an SSRI.

scholarly journals Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder: Irregular Sleep Wake Rhythm

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis C. Zee ◽  
Michael V. Vitiello
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder

scholarly journals Circadian Sleep Regulation in the Absence of Light Perception: Chronic Non-24-Hour Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder in a Blind Man With a Regular 24-Hour Sleep—Wake Schedule

SLEEP ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Klein ◽  
Heinz Martens ◽  
Derk-Jan Dijk ◽  
Richard E. Kronauer ◽  
Ellen W. Seely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder

Daily expression of clock genes in whole blood cells in healthy subjects and a patient with circadian rhythm sleep disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (5) ◽  
pp. R1273-R1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieko Takimoto ◽  
Akinobu Hamada ◽  
Akemi Tomoda ◽  
Shigehiro Ohdo ◽  
Takafumi Ohmura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder ◽  
Whole Blood Cells ◽  
Peak Phase

In recent years, circadian rhythm sleep disorders in humans have been increasing. Clinical features characteristic of this disorder are well known, but the specific causes remain unknown. However, various derangements of circadian expression of the clock gene are a probable cause of this disease. We have attempted to elucidate the relationship between the expression of the clock genes in whole blood cells and the clinical features characteristic of this disorder. In this study, we indicate the daily expression of clock genes period ( Per) 1, 2, 3, Bmal1, and Clock in whole blood cells in 12 healthy male subjects. The peak phase of Per1, Per2, and Per3 appeared in the early morning, whereas that of Bmal1 and Clock appeared in the midnight hours. Furthermore, in one patient case with circadian rhythm sleep disorder, we observed variations of the peak phase in clock genes by treatments such as light therapy, exercise therapy, and medicinal therapy. This study suggested that the monitoring of human clock genes in whole blood cells, which may be functionally important for the molecular control of the circadian pacemaker as well as in suprachiasmatic nucleus, might be useful to evaluate internal synchronization.

scholarly journals Association of Expression Levels of Clock Genes and Autophagy-Related Genes under Abnormal Light/Dark Cycle Stimulation in NAFLD Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Zhu ◽  
Zhengyang Wang ◽  
Bo Qin ◽  
Songfeng Zhao ◽  
Huafei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder

Abstract Background: Environmental disorders of the circadian rhythms can lead to metabolism-related diseases or exacerbate pathological conditions. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged with a growing occurrence. In the present study, we attempted to indicate whether circadian clock may influence lipid deposition and the expression levels of autophagy-related genes in liver of mice. Methods: High-fat diet and abnormal light/dark cycles were employed to induce a mouse model of NAFLD with circadian rhythm sleep disorder. Herein, liver samples were obtained at ZT0, ZT4, ZT8, ZT12, ZT16, and ZT20 time-point to detect the rhythmic expressions of circadian genes, autophagy-related genes, and Rev-erbα. Results: Abnormal exposure to light aggravated lipid deposition in liver of mice and exacerbated disorders related to 24-h expression levels of clock genes, autophagy-related genes, and Rev-erbα. Besides, Rev-erbα could transcriptionally control the expression levels of autophagy-related genes. Conclusions: The long-term high-fat diet combined with abnormal light/dark cycle stimulation aggravated the development of NAFLD and disturbed the expressions levels of autophagy-related genes. An abnormal circadian expression may lead to NAFLD aggression. Besides, the abnormal expression levels of clock genes may create an association between circadian rhythm sleep disorder and autophagy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document