Plastic Pollution and Its Effect on the Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Trinath Biswal ◽  
Pravin Kumar Kar
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Surrounding Soil

Chlorinated plastics releases harmful chemicals and toxic substances into the surrounding soil, which can then seep into ground water or other surrounding surface water bodies in the form of a black thick liquid known as leachate causing sever water pollution. This water, if used as drinking water, causes serious harm to both plants and animals. Many advanced polymer composites used in various fields can leach into water forming hurdles. Plastic pollution is potentially poisonous to animals, which can then affect human food supplies. Plastic materials contain a number and variety of chemicals that are carcinogenic and mutagenic in nature. The five R's (recycle, reuse, reduce, remove, and refuse) can control the plastic pollution in our environment. This chapter explores plastic pollution and its effect on the environment.

The Impact Moscow Domodedovo Airport Wastewater on Surface Water Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
A.I. Kurbatova ◽  
A.D. Dalidenok ◽  
K.Yu. Mikhaylichenko ◽  
E.V. Savenkova ◽  
E.V. Kruglikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Moscow Domodedovo Airport wastewater on nearby surface water bodies, nameless streams which are tributaries of the Gnilusha and Muranikha rivers was investigated. Water quality was assessed by 16 indicators, the Specific Combinatorial Water Pollution Index (SCWPI) was also calculated. The quality degree of the studied reservoirs was determined.

Selenium concentration in plant material, drainage and surface water as influenced by Se applied to barley foliage in a barley – red clover – potato rotation

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. MacLeod ◽  
Umesh C. Gupta ◽  
P. Milburn ◽  
J. B. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Foliar application to barley of 10 and 20 g Se ha−1, as sodium selenate, increased Se content of barley grain and straw and red clover forage. There was no significant effect of Se application on Se content of potato petioles or tubers in the third year of the rotation. The Se content of drainage water was increased during the fall and spring following Se application to barley. The highest Se concentration of 0.185 µg L−1 found in this study is well below the Canadian drinking water standard of 10 µg L−1.The Se concentrations of surface water bodies 0.5–1.0 km down slope from 10 pasture fields to which Se had been applied at 10 g ha−1 the year before, were not significantly different from surface water bodies 3–8 km from the treated fields. Selenium concentrations of all the surface water bodies ranged from 0.003 to 0.266 µg L−1, well below the maximum acceptable Se concentration for drinking water. Key words: Foliar-applied Se, plant Se, Podzol soil, Eastern Canada

scholarly journals Particular Qualities of Surface Water Bodies Pollution with Components of Pharmaceutical Substances

2014 ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Activity Type ◽  
Pharmaceutical Substances ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Contamination ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Overview on pharmacological water pollution in various countries is presented. Original data on contamination of water bodies (serving as sources of water supply for Moscow) with medicines components and pharmaceutical substances metabolites are considered. Application of calculation techniques of the “structure-activity” type has been proposed for forecast of by-effects of drugs and pharmacological activity of other organic xenobiotics has been proposed. Some other ways of pharmaceutical contamination reduction have been recommended.

Assessment of the radiation safety of drinking water and surface water bodies used for recreational purposes in the Voronezh region

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Igor I. Mekhantyev ◽  
Yuriy I. Stepkin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Artesian Wells ◽  
Supply Systems

AIM: This study aimed to assess the radiation safety of surface water bodies used for recreational purposes and drinking water used by the population of the Voronezh Region (VR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The fond materials of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in VR in 20152019 were used. The following parameters were analyzed: total and activities and specific activity of radioactive substances in the water of open reservoirs (137Сs, 210Po, 226Ra, and 228Ra) and in the sources of drinking water (210Po and 222Rn). The annual effective dose was calculated on the basis of the probable consumption of drinking water from the centralized drinking water supply systems. The content of radionuclides in the water of open reservoirs was analyzed in three control points and in drinking water found in 2,036 water intake artesian wells of the centralized drinking water supply systems. Then, 100% of the sources were surveyed in terms of total and activities. The radiation safety of bottled drinking water from nine manufacturers was assessed on the basis of the data of the Federal State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance. Water in open reservoirs and drinking water, including water packaged in containers, were laboratory controlled on the basis of an accredited testing laboratory center (Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the VR) by using MKS-01A Multirad spectrometric installation (Akvilon, Russia). UMF-2000 - and -radiometers were utilized to measure small activities (NPP, Doza, Russia). RESULTS: According to the regional databases of Rospotrebnadzor Administration regarding water from open water bodies for the population (three monitoring points: Tikhaya Sosna, Sukhaya Khvorostan, and Usman rivers) in 20152019, values did not exceed the intervention limit that was registered in terms of the content of the controlled radioactive substances (210Ро, 234U, 222Rn, and 137Сs) and the total and activities. Water from artesian wells used for drinking and domestic purposes fully met the requirements of radiation safety. The average annual effective radiation doses (AAERD) of the population in the VO in 74 settlements within the zones of radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl disaster ranged from 0.05 mSv/year to 0.12 mSv/year, which was significantly lower than the threshold value (1 mSv/year). The analyzed drinking water samples, water packaged in containers, and the samples produced in the region were in compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements, including those for 90Sr and 137Cs radionuclide contents. CONCLUSION: Radiation monitoring in the VR revealed that the content of technogenic radionuclides (137Cs and 90Sr) and other standardized parameters of radiation safety in water of open reservoirs and drinking water did not exceed the threshold values.

scholarly journals Catchments of German Surface Water Bodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Gericke ◽  
Judith Mahnkopf ◽  
Markus Venohr
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies
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