Assessment of the radiation safety of drinking water and surface water bodies used for recreational purposes in the Voronezh region

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Igor I. Mekhantyev ◽  
Yuriy I. Stepkin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Artesian Wells ◽  
Supply Systems

AIM: This study aimed to assess the radiation safety of surface water bodies used for recreational purposes and drinking water used by the population of the Voronezh Region (VR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The fond materials of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in VR in 20152019 were used. The following parameters were analyzed: total and activities and specific activity of radioactive substances in the water of open reservoirs (137Сs, 210Po, 226Ra, and 228Ra) and in the sources of drinking water (210Po and 222Rn). The annual effective dose was calculated on the basis of the probable consumption of drinking water from the centralized drinking water supply systems. The content of radionuclides in the water of open reservoirs was analyzed in three control points and in drinking water found in 2,036 water intake artesian wells of the centralized drinking water supply systems. Then, 100% of the sources were surveyed in terms of total and activities. The radiation safety of bottled drinking water from nine manufacturers was assessed on the basis of the data of the Federal State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance. Water in open reservoirs and drinking water, including water packaged in containers, were laboratory controlled on the basis of an accredited testing laboratory center (Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the VR) by using MKS-01A Multirad spectrometric installation (Akvilon, Russia). UMF-2000 - and -radiometers were utilized to measure small activities (NPP, Doza, Russia). RESULTS: According to the regional databases of Rospotrebnadzor Administration regarding water from open water bodies for the population (three monitoring points: Tikhaya Sosna, Sukhaya Khvorostan, and Usman rivers) in 20152019, values did not exceed the intervention limit that was registered in terms of the content of the controlled radioactive substances (210Ро, 234U, 222Rn, and 137Сs) and the total and activities. Water from artesian wells used for drinking and domestic purposes fully met the requirements of radiation safety. The average annual effective radiation doses (AAERD) of the population in the VO in 74 settlements within the zones of radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl disaster ranged from 0.05 mSv/year to 0.12 mSv/year, which was significantly lower than the threshold value (1 mSv/year). The analyzed drinking water samples, water packaged in containers, and the samples produced in the region were in compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements, including those for 90Sr and 137Cs radionuclide contents. CONCLUSION: Radiation monitoring in the VR revealed that the content of technogenic radionuclides (137Cs and 90Sr) and other standardized parameters of radiation safety in water of open reservoirs and drinking water did not exceed the threshold values.

scholarly journals StygoTracing - First experiences with biological tracers in drinking water extraction areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne van den Berg-Stein ◽  
Diana Burghardt ◽  
Klaus Schwenk ◽  
Hans Jürgen Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Fragmented Habitat ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Good Tracer ◽  
Supply Systems

Although groundwater is a highly fragmented habitat, both faunistic and hydraulic interactions exist between different aquifers and between groundwater and surface water. For the drinking water suppliers, in particular surface water intrusion into groundwater means an increased risk of contamination. Thus risk assessment is essential for quality assurance in drinking water supply. In this context, several questions arise: 1) Where does the water come from?; 2) Are there any hydraulic shortcuts to surface waters?; 3) Are there any hydrological interactions between different aquifers?; 4) What are the catchment borders? Invertebrate fauna may display the strength and the direction of hydrological interactions since the dispersal is linked to hydrological pathways. Our hypothesis is: The more intense the hydrogeological interactions the closer the relationship between individuals and populations. The degree of relationship can be determined using a kind of paternity test for invertebrates. This is a population genetic, microsatellite-based method called StygoTracing. The most important tools of StygoTracing are the primers, which have to be designed for each individual tracer species. Good tracer species are those, which have a wide distribution and occur with high frequency and are easy to determine. We have chosen three species both stygo- and non-stygobiotic ones. The primers and microsatellite analysis applied proved to be suitable even to distinguish single individuals from each other. StygoTracing has been successfully tested for water supply systems, but not yet in the field. Thus seven pilot areas were selected in Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Palatinate and Saxony, and sampling was conducted on a total of 186 groundwater, spring and stream sites. Meanwhile, first genetic data are available and initial evaluations reveal plausible correlations on different spatial scales.

scholarly journals The protection of water bodies and drinking water supply in Uzbekistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Usmanov I.A. ◽  
KHasanova M.I.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Supply Systems

The following article describes the results of scientific research carried out during the period 2015-2017 years, which was devoted to assessing the efficiency of population’s centralized water supply systems, the quality of drinking water and predicting anthropogenic impact on the quality of the Chirchik and Akhangaran rivers’ water. It was realized that the level of supplying drinking water to population and the efficiency of water supply systems do not fully meet the requirements. The quality of drinking water and sources of water supply in some regions do not meet the standard requirements. As a result, the recommendations on modernization, increasing the efficiency of water supply systems and improving drinking water use conditions were developed in the Republic.

scholarly journals Considerations on Drinking Water Management in the Moldavian Plateau and Plain Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Ștefania Chirica ◽  
Alexandru-Lucian Luca ◽  
Iustina Lateș
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Regional Water

Abstract The Moldavian Plateau and Plain have few drinking water sources (the case of Iaşi and Vaslui Counties). The main type of fresh water sources are groundwater and surface water. The Moldavian Plateau rural settlements are affected the most by the lack of viable, unpolluted water sources to ensure a volume able to cover the consumers’ demand. The pollution phenomenon induced by the non-availability of rural sewerage systems and also by the settlements’ areas foundation rocks have decreased the groundwater and surface water sources quality parameters. The adduction, transport and distribution networks of water supply systems are affected by the „water loss“ phenomenon. Water management in a transmission and distribution network must correlate the number of water sources, available volume, acceptable quality parameters and inherent water losses from networks with the consumers’ demands. The optimisation of water management in a given geographic space has led to the establishment of „regional water supply systems“. This process relies on the minimisation of water losses. The case study carried out in Iaşi County shows the importance of the regional water supply system development through optimal exploitation of Moldavian Plateau and Plain water sources.

Methodological Approaches to Organization of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Novikova ◽  
I.O. Myasnikov ◽  
A.A. Kovshov ◽  
N.A. Tikhonova ◽  
N.S. Bashketova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Supply Systems

Summary. Introduction: Drinking water is one of the most important environmental factors sustaining life and determining human health. The goal of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project is to improve drinking water quality through upgrading of water treatment and supply systems using advanced technologies, including those developed by the military-industrial complex. The most informative and reliable sources of information for assessing drinking water quality are the results of systematic laboratory testing obtained within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring (SGM) and production control carried out by water supply organizations. The objective of our study was to formulate approaches to organizing quality monitoring programs for centralized cold water supply systems. Materials and methods: We reviewed programs and results of drinking water quality laboratory tests performed by Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions within the framework of SGM in 2017–2018. Results: We established that drinking water quality monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs significantly in the number of monitoring points (566 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai vs 10 in Sevastopol) and measured indicators, especially sanitary and chemical ones (53 inorganic and organic substances in the Kemerovo Region vs one indicator in the Amur Region). Discussion: For a more complete and objective assessment of drinking water quality in centralized cold water supply systems, monitoring points should be organized at all stages of water supply with account for the coverage of the maximum number of people supplied with water from a particular network. Thus, the number of points in the distribution network should depend, inter alia, on the size of population served. In urban settlements with up to 10,000 inhabitants, for example, at least 4 points should be organized while in the cities with more than 3,000,000 inhabitants at least 80 points are necessary. We developed minimum mandatory lists of indicators and approaches to selecting priority indices to be monitored at all stages of drinking water supply.

scholarly journals Microbial diversity in full-scale water supply systems through sequencing technology: a review

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 25484-25496
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Weiying Li ◽  
Jiping Chen ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Zhongqing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Supply Systems

Drinking water microbial diversity influence in full-scale water supply systems.

scholarly journals Use of Benchmarking For the Improvement of the Operation of the Drinking Water Supply Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Stefan Rautu ◽  
Gabriel Racoviteanu ◽  
Eduard Dinet
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Water contamination events in UK drinking-water supply systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gray
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Company ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Contamination Events ◽  
Supply Systems

Water supply companies in the UK have a duty under prime UK legislation to notify the Drinking Water Inspectorate of events affecting or potentially affecting the quality of drinking-water supplies. Under the same legislation, the Inspectorate has a duty to investigate each event. After assessing all of the information available, including companies' reports, the Inspectorate advises on the way in which the event was handled and whether any statutory requirements were contravened. If appropriate, a prosecution of the water company may be initiated. Copies of the assessment are sent to the water company, relevant local and health authorities, Ofwat (the economic regulator), the regional Consumer Council for Water and any other interested parties, including consumers who request it. Generic guidance may be issued to the industry on matters of wider concern. This paper considers the role of the Inspectorate, the powers available to it and reporting arrangements. An overview is presented of events that occurred between 1990 and 2005 and common features are identified. Causes of different types of event are discussed. The importance of well-established contacts between the various interested parties involved in protecting public health is emphasised through discussion of example incidents.

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