Decentralisation and Health Systems Performance in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 1115-1139
Author(s):  
Adebusoye A. Anifalaje
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Decision Space ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Systems Performance ◽  
Administrative Structures

This article attempts to elucidate the intricacies of primary health care delivery in Nigeria. Among myriad complexities, the central proposition made herein is that the absence of an effective regulatory and enforcement framework in developing countries results in a prominent informal decision space. The findings show that the prominence of an informal decision space compromises the objectives of an information-based public health system. The article concludes that decentralisation in developing countries must have a coordinated top-down and bottom-up development component for it to be effective in improving the performance of primary health systems. One of the implications of the study is that researching decentralised healthcare delivery requires analytical models which are able to illuminate the complexities of local accountability in developing countries. The study also reveals the need to further research the dynamics of democratic decentralisation in developing countries as this goes beyond administrative structures but involve socio-cultural institutions.

Decentralisation and Health Systems Performance in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 29-54
Author(s):  
Adebusoye A. Anifalaje
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Decision Space ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Systems Performance ◽  
Administrative Structures

This article attempts to elucidate the intricacies of primary health care delivery in Nigeria. Among myriad complexities, the central proposition made herein is that the absence of an effective regulatory and enforcement framework in developing countries results in a prominent informal decision space. The findings show that the prominence of an informal decision space compromises the objectives of an information-based public health system. The article concludes that decentralisation in developing countries must have a coordinated top-down and bottom-up development component for it to be effective in improving the performance of primary health systems. One of the implications of the study is that researching decentralised healthcare delivery requires analytical models which are able to illuminate the complexities of local accountability in developing countries. The study also reveals the need to further research the dynamics of democratic decentralisation in developing countries as this goes beyond administrative structures but involve socio-cultural institutions.

scholarly journals The Rising Burden of Diabetes-Related Blindness: A Case for Integration of Primary Eye Care into Primary Health Care in Eswatini

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Sharon Nobuntu Maseko ◽  
Diane van Staden ◽  
Euphemia Mbali Mhlongo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Primary Health

There is a rampant increase in diabetes prevalence globally. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is projected to carry the largest burden of diabetes (34.2 million) by 2030. This will inevitably cause a parallel increase in diabetes-associated complications; with the predominant complications being blindness due to diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cataracts. Eye programs in developing countries remain inadequate, existing as stand-alone programs, focused on the provision of acute symptomatic care at secondary and tertiary health levels. Over 60% of people with undiagnosed diabetes report to eye care facilities with already advanced retinopathy. While vision loss due to cataracts is reversible, loss of vision from diabetic retinopathy is irreversible. Developing countries have in the last two decades been significantly impacted by infectious pandemics; with SSA countries committing over 80% of their health budgets towards infectious diseases. Consequently, non-communicable diseases and eye health have been neglected. This paper aimed to highlight the importance of strengthening primary health care services to prevent diabetes-related blindness. In SSA, where economies are strained by infectious disease, the projected rise in diabetes prevalence calls for an urgent need to reorganize health systems to focus on life-long preventative and integrated measures. However, research is critical in determining how best to integrate these without further weakening health systems.

scholarly journals Opportunities and challenges to advance the use of electronic patient-reported outcomes in clinical care: a report from AMIA workshop proceedings

JAMIA Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Austin ◽  
Cynthia LeRouge ◽  
Andrea L Hartzler ◽  
Arlene E Chung ◽  
Courtney Segal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Interactive Workshop

Abstract Despite the demonstrated value of patient-centered care, health systems have been slow to integrate the patient’s voice into care delivery through patient-reported outcomes (PROs) with electronic tools. This is due in part to the complex interplay of technology, workflow, and human factors that shape the success of electronic PROs (ePROs) use. The 2018 American Medical Informatics Association Annual Symposium served as the setting for a half-day interactive workshop with diverse stakeholders to discuss proposed best practices for the planning, design, deployment, and evaluation of ePROs. We provide this collective commentary that synthesizes participant feedback regarding critical challenges that prohibit the scale and spread of ePROs across healthcare delivery systems, including governance and leadership, workflow and human factors, informatics, and data science. In order to realize the promise of ePROs at scale, adaptable approaches are critical to balance the needs of individual users with health systems at large.

Transferability of Health Technology Assessment with Particular Emphasis on Developing Coutries

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst O. Attinger ◽  
Ronney B. Panerai
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Direct Transfer ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Successful Transfer

The importance of health technology assessment for developing countries is unquestionable. Although these countries are still plagues by tropical diseases and primary health problems, they have been forced to import modern medical technologies because of internal and international pressures. Recognition of the potentoial of health technology assessment for improving the management of technology and health care delivery in developing countries leads to the critical question of how to promote the development of assessment activities there. But as technology assessment is itself also a technology, it can be assuned that its direct transfer to developing countries in the form that it has unfolded in the richer nations is doomed to failure. How successful transfer of health technology assessment can be achieved is outlined.

Health Systems Performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elhewaihi
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Health Systems Performance

scholarly journals Big Data Analytics in Healthcare

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Belle ◽  
Raghuram Thiagarajan ◽  
S. M. Reza Soroushmehr ◽  
Fatemeh Navidi ◽  
Daniel A. Beard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Unstructured Data ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Multimodal Data

The rapidly expanding field of big data analytics has started to play a pivotal role in the evolution of healthcare practices and research. It has provided tools to accumulate, manage, analyze, and assimilate large volumes of disparate, structured, and unstructured data produced by current healthcare systems. Big data analytics has been recently applied towards aiding the process of care delivery and disease exploration. However, the adoption rate and research development in this space is still hindered by some fundamental problems inherent within the big data paradigm. In this paper, we discuss some of these major challenges with a focus on three upcoming and promising areas of medical research: image, signal, and genomics based analytics. Recent research which targets utilization of large volumes of medical data while combining multimodal data from disparate sources is discussed. Potential areas of research within this field which have the ability to provide meaningful impact on healthcare delivery are also examined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document