Overview of Conduct Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 352-370
Author(s):  
Michael F. Shaughnessy ◽  
Mark Williams II ◽  
Carl Michael Carlson ◽  
Chia Jung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorder ◽  
School Environments ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria

Research studies show that conduct disorder is a disruptive behavior disorder that might cause children to experience some challenges within their personal and social life. Very often children with this disorder might be feeling failure at school and exclusion from their peers and others. It might also affect their home, social, and school environments. These students with this disorder might present management and therapeutic challenges for counselors, psychologists, and mental health professionals. This chapter aims to provide an overview of conduct disorder, which might help school rehabilitation professionals and educators understand what risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis criteria, and treatment options can better understand this disorder, preventions, and interventions. This chapter will cursorily explore these realms with an overview of this disorder and offer some implementations and recommendations for school rehabilitation professionals.

Antisocial Personality Disorder and Its Clinical Management

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterized by irresponsibility, aggression, criminality, and, in some, a lack of conscience. Recognized for over 200 years, ASPD is associated with domestic violence, psychiatric comorbidity, substance abuse, and excess health care use. ASPD is highly prevalent, and most affected individuals are men. ASPD has its onset in childhood or adolescence, when it may be diagnosed as a disruptive behavior disorder or conduct disorder. Not diagnosed until age 18, ASPD peaks in severity in the late teens or early 20s. It is lifelong for most persons, although the trend is toward improvement in those individuals with an adolescent onset and a prominent antisocial lifestyle. Those who do best have milder syndromes, are married/partnered, have stable jobs, and are older. ASPD is thought to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some antisocial persons have shown functional abnormalities in limbic structures and the frontotemporal cortex, portions of the brain that control judgment and regulate impulses. There are no effective pharmacologic treatments, but some antisocial persons receive off-label medication to dampen aggressive tendencies and curb impulsivity. Psychotropic medication is also used to treat comorbid syndromes (e.g., major depression). Cognitive-behavioral therapy may be helpful in mild cases. Family and couples therapies may be important for antisocial persons who are partnered or have offspring. This review contains 1 figure, 2 tables, and 99 references. Key words: aggression, antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, impulsivity, juvenile delinquency, lack of remorse, psychopathy, sociopathy 

Alcohol misuse: screening and treatment in primary dental care

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zairah Roked ◽  
Simon Moore ◽  
Jonathan Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Information Leaflets

Unlike primary medical care, primary dental care services are used by patients on a regular, prevention-orientated basis. This provides the primary dental healthcare team with unique opportunities to intervene, particularly as asking patients about their levels of alcohol consumption is a routine component of medical history taking. Effective treatment options include motivational advice, information leaflets and, when necessary, referral to specialist mental health professionals in consultation with the patient’s medical practitioner.

The Effect of Childhood Conduct Disorder and Cognitive Functioning on Adolescent Substance Use

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C. Harty ◽  
Nicole K. Thorn ◽  
Jessica H. Kalmar ◽  
Jeffrey H. Newcorn ◽  
Jeffrey M. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorder ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Childhood Conduct ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the impact of childhood conduct disorder (CD) and intelligence quotient (IQ) on later substance use in adolescence.Methods: Neuropsychological and structured diagnostic evaluations were initially administered to 32 children with disruptive behavior disorder when they were 7–11 years of age. They were then re-evaluated on average 6.7 years later using an array of interviews and rating scales with a focus on substance use.Results: Early CD and IQ scores together accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in later substance use (R2=.248). In addition, there was a significant CD and Verbal IQ interaction (R2=.164) such that high Verbal IQ was linked to increased substance use in adolescents who had childhood CD.Conclusion: These data indicate that the presence of conduct disorder may interact with high Verbal IQ during childhood in such a way as to predict later adolescent substance use in disruptive behavior disorder populations.

What to do about depression? Help-seeking and treatment recommendations of the public

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Holzinger ◽  
H. Matschinger ◽  
M.C. Angermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Aims.Several population studies on beliefs about depression carried out in western countries during the 1990s have shown that the public clearly favors psychotherapy over antidepressant medication. The present study examines whether this phenomenon still exists at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century.Materials and Methods.In 2009, a telephone survey was conducted among the population of Vienna aged 16 years and older (n = 1205). A fully structured interview was administered which began with the presentation of a vignette depicting a case of depression fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV for a moderate depressive episode.Results.Psychotherapists were most frequently endorsed as source of professional help. Antidepressant medication still was more frequently advised against than recommended. Respondents familiar with the treatment of depression tended to be more ready to recommend to seek help from mental health professionals and to endorse various treatment options, particularly medication.Conclusion.At the end of the first decade of this century, there still exists a large gap between the public's beliefs and what mental health professionals consider appropriate for the treatment of depression. Therefore, further effort to improve the public's mental health literacy seems necessary.

Doctor, Snitch, and Weasel: Narrative Family Therapy With a Child Suffering From Encopresis and Enuresis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 452-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Fife ◽  
Lindsey G. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
The Common ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Narrative Family Therapy

Children who experience enuresis and encopresis can face many difficulties, including social isolation, shame, embarrassment, anxiety, and depression. Due to the prevalence of enuresis and encopresis, it is essential for mental health professionals to understand the common symptoms and available treatment options for enuresis and encopresis, particularly to assist parents struggling to help their children overcome these challenges. Despite this need, there is very little clinical literature that incorporates a systemic approach for families who have a child diagnosed with enuresis and encopresis. Furthermore, common treatment approaches may unwittingly reinforce children’s perception that these problems are rooted in their identity. In an effort to address these concerns, the present case study aims to illustrate how a narrative therapy approach was utilized to effectively treat a child with enuresis and encopresis. Narrative therapy can uniquely assist children and their parents by helping them externalize the problem, overcome the problem-saturated view of their lives, and create new experiences where the problem is nonexistent.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorder Symptoms

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Leonard Burns ◽  
James A. Walsh ◽  
David R. Patterson ◽  
Carol S. Holte ◽  
Rita Sommers-Flanagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorder ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Frequency Count ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

Summary: Rating scales are commonly used to measure the symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD). While these scales have positive psychometric properties, the scales share a potential weakness - the use of vague or subjective rating procedures to measure symptom occurrence (e. g., never, occasionally, often, and very often). Rating procedures based on frequency counts for a specific time interval (e. g., never, once, twice, once per month, once per week, once per day, more than once per day) are less subjective and provide a conceptually better assessment procedure for these symptoms. Such a frequency count procedure was used to obtain parent ratings on the ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms in a normative (nonclinical) sample of 3,500 children and adolescents. Although the current study does not provide a direct comparison of the two types of rating procedures, the results suggest that the frequency count procedure provides a potentially more useful way to measure these symptoms. The implications of the results are noted for the construction of rating scales to measure the ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms.

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