Advances in Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Deep Adsorptive Desulfurization

2021 ◽  
pp. 1809-1831
Author(s):  
Saddam A. AL Hammadi
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur

The ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is required to comply with stricter government policy on low sulfur content of transportation fuels. Better knowledge of the different factors that concern deep desulfurization of fuels is necessary to achieve ultra-low sulfur content and cheaper way of producing ULSD. Both the capital and operating cost of the adsorptive desulfurization process is cheaper compare to the conventional hydroprocessing. In the future, the need to produce more volume of fuels with very low sulphur content from low-grade feedstocks like heavy oil and light cycle oil in order to meet up with the global demand for sulphur-free fuels is pertinent. Several on-going researches are pointing to the use of adsorbents for removal of sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon refining stream. In this chapter, varieties of carbon nanomaterials suitable for adsorptive desulfurization are discussed. If the active lifetime, where the capacity of the adsorbents are adequate, the approach is practically feasible for commercial application.

Advances in Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Deep Adsorptive Desulfurization

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-91
Author(s):  
Saddam A. AL Hammadi
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur

The ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is required to comply with stricter government policy on low sulfur content of transportation fuels. Better knowledge of the different factors that concern deep desulfurization of fuels is necessary to achieve ultra-low sulfur content and cheaper way of producing ULSD. Both the capital and operating cost of the adsorptive desulfurization process is cheaper compare to the conventional hydroprocessing. In the future, the need to produce more volume of fuels with very low sulphur content from low-grade feedstocks like heavy oil and light cycle oil in order to meet up with the global demand for sulphur-free fuels is pertinent. Several on-going researches are pointing to the use of adsorbents for removal of sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon refining stream. In this chapter, varieties of carbon nanomaterials suitable for adsorptive desulfurization are discussed. If the active lifetime, where the capacity of the adsorbents are adequate, the approach is practically feasible for commercial application.

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Desulfurization

2016 ◽  
pp. 154-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfik A. Saleh ◽  
Taye Damola Shuaib ◽  
Gaddafi Ibrahim Danmaliki ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Daous
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur

The special interest in ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is informed by the need to comply with the strict government policy on low sulfur content of transportation fuels. Better knowledge of different factors that concern deep desulfurization of fuels is important to achieve ultra-low sulfur fuels and cheaper way of producing ULSD. Both the capital and operating cost of the adsorptive desulfurization process is cheaper compare to the conventional hydroprocessing. The need to produce more volume of fuel such as diesel with very low sulfur content from low grade feed stocks like heavy oil and light cycle oil (LCO) in order to meet up with the global demand for sulfur-free fuels is pertinent. Several on-going researches are pointing to the use of adsorbents for removal of sulfur compounds from the hydrocarbon refining stream. In this chapter, varieties of carbon nanomaterials suitable for adsorptive desulfurization are discussed. The approach is feasible for commercial applications with any adsorbent of an adequate lifetime of activity as well as high capacity.

Adsorption of Nitrogen Contaminants in the Light Gas Oil (LGO) and Light Cycle Oil (LCO) to Produce Diesel with Low Sulfur

2015 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
M.A.G. Figueiredo ◽  
W.C. Souza ◽  
Harrison Corrêa ◽  
L.B. Ventura ◽  
H.L. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Light Gas Oil ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur

Ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is obtained by Light Gas Oil (LGO) and Light Cycle Oil (LCO) feedstocks (middle fractions from distillate petroleum). In addition to the environmental requirements related to the production of fuels with a lower content of nitrogen, technical specifications refineries also stimulate the need to remove such compounds. Nitrogenous compounds, for example, are strong inhibitors for hydrodesulfurization reactions. As Brazilian oil has a high amount of nitrogen compounds, an alternative process for nitrogen removal has been investigated, such as adsorption. In this paper, the nitrogen removal was investigated. The adsorption tests were carried out in a shaking water batchs, by performing kinetic and isotherm tests. Two commercial clays were used: Fuller's earth and bentonite.

scholarly journals Nitrogen compounds removal from oil-derived middle distillates by MIL-101(Cr) and its impact on ULSD production by hydrotreating

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Edith Meneses-Ruiz ◽  
José Escobar ◽  
Rodolfo Juventino Mora ◽  
José Ascención Montoya ◽  
María Concepción Barrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Coker Gas Oil ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Middle Distillates ◽  
Low Sulfur

Oil-derived middle distillates (straight-run gas oil and mixture with light cycle oil and coker gas oil) for Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) production by HyDroTreating (HDT) were pretreated by selective Nitrogen Organic Compounds (NOC) adsorption. Highly crystalline Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) MIL-101(Cr) prepared with propylene oxide (proton scavenger) as textural improver was used to that end. MOF was characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies, and electron microscopy (SEM and HR-TEM). NOC removal was carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the adsorbent being easily regenerable under mild conditions. Extruded MOF efficiently removed NOC from real feedstocks to concentrations ~ 80 ppm which allowed ULSD production at much milder conditions to those used during pristine feedstocks HDT. Operating temperature could be significantly diminished (from 350 to 330 °C, at 56 kg cm−2 (5.77 MPa), LHSV = 1.5 h−1, H2/oil = 2500 ft3 bbl−1 (445 m3 m−3)) which could notably prolong cycle life of NiMo/Al2O3 formulation used.

Investigation of the qualities of some promising oils of the Absheron oil and gas region

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Abdulayeva ◽  
◽  
N.H. Alekperova ◽  
S.B. Logmanova ◽  
N.F. Kafarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Selective Refining ◽  
Low Sulfur

The article presents the characteristics of characteristic oils of the Apsheron oil and gas region, as well as the hydrocarbon composition of light and oil fractions. Oils of the Apsheron oil and gas region in terms of light fractions, sulfur content, and density are comparable to marketing grades of oils. The standards for prices are: graded crude oil WTI, Light Sweet, Brent, and Russian oils Sokol, Urals, Siberian Light are approaching them. We have studied in detail the yields and hydrocarbon composition of light and oil fractions of oils from the Apsheron oil and gas region. To obtain oils with a high viscosity index, studies were carried out to change the structure of oil fractions using hydrogen using the example of oil fractions of Azeri oil. Due to the significant content of aromatic hydrocarbons, schemes for the processing of oil fractions have been developed, including selective purification of distillates, dewaxing (except for Guneshli oil), as well as hydrocatalytic treatment in a severe mode in the presence of industrial Russian catalysts. As a result, it was possible to obtain API group I oils, according to the viscosity classification corresponding to SAE 20 and SAE 30. Thus, a study of the qualities and hydrocarbon composition of oils from the Absheron oil and gas region showed that these oils are characterized by a high content of light fractions, low density, and low sulfur content. According to these indicators, these oils correspond to the marker oils. In order to obtain base oils with a viscosity index of ≥90 and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of ≥10, a traditional refining method was used: selective refining, dewaxing, and severe hydrotreating.

Evaluation of the thermal properties of diesel oil with low sulfur content

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila G. D. Peixoto ◽  
Valter J. Fernandes ◽  
Ana C. F. Coriolano ◽  
Renkel R. Araujo ◽  
Glauber J. T. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur

The Torsional Properties of Normal and Sulfur-Enriched Wool Fibers

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Armstrong ◽  
M. Feughelman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Constant Degree ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Torsional Properties

The mechanical properties in torsion of single wool fibers of biologically produced high- and low-sulfur content have been studied to determine the effects on torsional behavior. The modulus of rigidity and the torsional relaxation, i.e., the decay in torque with time at a constant degree of twist, were determined in fibers tested in glycerol (~0% RH), distilled water, and aqueous solutions of HCl at pH 0.8, 1.8, and 2.9. The sulfur content had no significant effect on the modulus of ridigidy or on the magnitude of the torsional relaxation of dry fibers. Again, for fibers tested in distilled water, no significant effect of sulfur content on the modulus of rigidity was observed, but the percent decay in torque was measurably affected. The decay in torque in 1 hr for fibers of normal wool amounted to 23% of the initial torque and that for fibers of sulfur-enriched wool amounted to 15%. This difference in torsional relaxation behavior of wet fibers of the two wools was not thought to be due to the difference in sulfur content but may partly be linked with the aspartic acid content of the two wools. The modulus of rigidity and the torsional relaxation of fibers in aqueous HCl decreased with decreasing pH to as little as one third of the values obtained in distilled water, presumably due to the breaking of salt links, the decrease being greater for the sulfur-enriched wools.

scholarly journals A global response to sulfur starvation inPseudomonas putidaand its relationship to the expression of low-sulfur-content proteins

2007 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Scott ◽  
Margaret E. Hilton ◽  
Christopher W. Coppin ◽  
Robyn J. Russell ◽  
John G. Oakeshott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Sulfur Starvation ◽  
Low Sulfur Content ◽  
Low Sulfur
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